284 Total Patent Applications and Scientific Articles:
United States Patent and Trademark Office. (2009) “U.S. Patent Activity, Calendar Years 1790 to Present: Total of Annual U.S. Patent Activity Since 1790.”
http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/ac/ido/oeip/taf/h_counts.htm
; Stephen Hawking. (2001)
The Universe in a Nutshell
. New York: Bantam Books, p. 158.
285 artificial learning machine can recognize:
Irving Biederman. (1987) “Recognition-by-Components: A Theory of Human Image Understanding.”
Psychological Review
, 94 (2), p. 127.
286 “it literally was one of a kind”:
David Nye. (2006)
Technology Matters: Questions to Live With
. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 72-73.
286 paralyzing consumers:
Barry Schwartz. (2004)
The Paradox of Choice: Why More Is Less
. New York: Ecco, pp. 9-10.
287 “even be said to tyrannize”:
Barry Schwartz. (2004)
The Paradox of Choice: Why More Is Less.
New York: Ecco, p. 2.
290 “mere day's walk away”:
Pierre Lemonnier. (1993)
Technological Choices: Transformation in Material Cultures Since the Neolithic.
New York: Routledge, p. 74.
290 “logic of material efficiency or progress”:
Ibid., p. 24.
290 released by a passing pig:
Ibid.
291 the physics of waterwheels are constant:
Ibid.
292 bone cells, skins cells, and brain cells:
Stuart Kauffman. (1993)
The Origins of Order: Self-Organization and Selection in Evolution
. New York: Oxford University Press, p. 407.
297 mind and hand of humans:
Peter M. Vitousek, Harold A. Mooney, et al. (1997) “Human Domination of Earth's Ecosystems.”
Science
, 277 (5325).
301 Ubiquitous Motors:
David A. Hounshell. (1984)
From the American System to Mass Production 1800-1932: The Development of Manufacturing Technology in the United States.
Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, p. 232.
301 Ad for the Home Motor:
Donald Norman. (1998)
The Invisible Computer: Why Good Products Can Fail, the Personal Computer Is So Complex, and Information Appliances Are the Solution.
Cambridge: MIT Press, p. 50.
302 to whip cream and beat eggs:
Donald Norman. (1998)
The Invisible Computer: Why Good Products Can Fail, the Personal Computer Is So Complex, and Information Appliances Are the Solution
. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
304 “two Americas” emerging:
Don Tapscott. (1999)
Growing up Digital
. New York: McGraw-Hill, p. 258. Referring to Brad Fay's research for the 1996 Roper Starch report “The Two Americas: Tools for Succeeding in a Polarized Marketplace.”
307 must be described as an act of free will:
Freeman J. Dyson. (1988)
Infinite in All Directions
. New York: Basic Books, p. 297.
307 shift of spin direction in cosmic particles:
J. Conway. (2009) “The Strong Free Will Theorem.”
Notices of the American Mathematical Society,
56 (2).
308 the ultimate explanation of our own:
Conway. “The Strong Free Will Theorem.”
309 “with more freedom we can be more human”:
Richard Rhodes. (1999)
Visions of Technology: Machines, Systems and the Human World.
New York: Simon & Schuster Inc., p. 266.
316 but without any bosses:
General Motors Corporation. (2008) “Form 10-K.”
http://www.sec.gov
.
319 innate attraction to living things:
Stephen R. Kellert and Edward O. Wilson. (1993)
The Biophilia Hypothesis
. Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
319 Ergonomic Scissors:
Generic tailor's scissors, unknown origin.
320 one began to pray to it:
Langdon Winner. (1977)
Autonomous Technology: Technics-Out-of-Control as a Theme in Political Thought
. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, p. 44.
321 to a world where no one is:
Joan Didion. (1990).
The White Album.
New York: Macmillan, p. 198.
322 “we love the objects we think with”:
Sherry Turkle. (2007)
Evocative Objects: Things We Think With
. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, p. 3.
325 so small as to be invisible:
Nigel R. Franks and Simon Conway Morris. (2008) “Convergent Evolution, Serendipity, and Intelligence for the Simple Minded.”
The Deep Structure of Biology
, ed. Simon Conway Morris. West Conshohocken, PA: Templeton Foundation Press.
325 only discovered by humans in 1733:
J. F. Ramley. (1969) “Buffon's Needle Problem.”
American Mathematical Monthly,
76 (8).
326 flies away from their hind parts:
Donald R. Griffin. (2001)
Animal Minds: Beyond Cognition to Consciousness
. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, p. 12.
326 so as not to discourage them:
Ibid.
326 our definitions of animal intelligence:
Anthony Trewavas. (2008) “Aspects of Plant Intelligence: Convergence and Evolution.”
The Deep Structure of Biology,
ed. Simon Conway Morris. West Conshohocken, PA: Templeton Foundation Press.
326 “one of the lower animals”:
Ibid., p. 80.
327 food in a maze, much like a rat:
Ibid.
327 other dolphins new to the pool:
Donald R. Griffin. (2001)
Animal Minds: Beyond Cognition to Consciousness.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press, p. 229.
328 “not by an ornithologist but by a psychiatrist”:
Anthony Trewavas. (2008) “Aspects of Plant Intelligence: Convergence and Evolution.”
The Deep Structure of Biology,
West Conshohocken, PA: Templeton Foundation Press, p. 131.
329 brain of a sperm whale:
Lori Marino. (2004) “Cetacean Brain Evolution: Multiplication Generates Complexity.”
International Journal of Comparative Psychology
, 17 (1).
330 generates nearly 20 exabytes of data:
Ibid.
331 synaptic links to thousands of other neurons:
David A. Drachman. (2005) “Do We Have Brain to Spare?”
Neurology
, 64 (12).
http://www.neurology.org
.
331 links to 60 other pages:
Andrei Z. Broder, Marc Najork, et al. (2003) “Efficient URL Caching for World Wide Web Crawling.”
Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on the World Wide Web,
Budapest, Hungary, May 20-24, p. 5.
http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=775152.775247
.
334 new information to the technium each year:
Bret Swanson and George Gilder. (2008) “Estimating the Exaflood.” Discovery Institute.
http://www.discovery.org/a/4428
.
335 when science began:
Derek Price. (1965)
Little Science, Big Science.
New York: Columbia University Press.
337 the overthrow of scientific paradigms:
Freeman J. Dyson. (2000)
The Sun, the Genome, and the Internet: Tools of Scientific Revolutions
. New York: Oxford University Press, p. 15.