An Unfinished Life: John F. Kennedy 1917-1963 (133 page)

p. 410: The second day opening exchanges:
FRUS: Soviet Union,
206-11.

p. 410: “Look, Mr. Chairman”: Richard Reeves, 167. This exchange is not in the
FRUS
memo for June 4 at 10:30
A.M.
, but Reeves cites it as in a memcom at the National Security Archive, George Washington University, Washington, D.C.

pp. 410-11: Exchanges over the test ban and disarmament:
FRUS: Soviet Union,
211-16.

pp. 411-12: Discussion of Germany and Berlin: Ibid., 216-25.

p. 412: Exchanges over lunch: Ibid., 225-28.

p. 412: “I can’t leave here”: O’Donnell and Powers, 297.

p. 412: “I’m not going”:
Time,
Jan. 5, 1962.

p. 412: “This is the nut-cutter”: Quoted in Bradlee,
Conversations,
126.

p. 413: Kennedy began by saying:
FRUS: Soviet Union,
229-30.

p. 413: “Then Mr. Chairman:” Quoted in Richard Reeves, 171, which is based on a Reeves interview with, and letter from, Rusk.

p. 413: With James Reston:
New York Times,
June 5, 1961; Halberstam,
Best and Brightest,
95-97.

p. 413: On
Air Force One:
O’Donnell Tapes, Tape 53; O’Donnell and Powers, 298; Press Panel OH.

pp. 413-14: Conversation with O’Donnell: O’Donnell Tapes, Tape 53; O’Donnell and Powers, 297-99.

p. 414: “somebody with whom”: Guthman and Shulman, 28-29, 262-63.

Chapter 12: Crisis Manager

p. 415: On initial contact between JFK and Macmillan, see Memo of Meeting, April 6, 1961, Box 175, NSF.

p. 415: “so old”: Guthman and Shulman, 30-31, 262.

p. 415: “in the bosom”: Brandon Diaries, June 9, 1961, Henry Brandon Papers, LC.

p. 415: “It was the gay things”: Schlesinger,
A Thousand Days,
374-77.

pp. 415-16: Macmillan meeting: Macmillan, 355-59.
FRUS: Berlin Crisis, 1961-1962,
98-102.

p. 416: Meeting with congressional leaders:
FRUS: Soviet Union,
232-37.

pp. 416-17: JFK TV address, June 6:
PPP: JFK, 1961,
441-46.

p. 417: “a widespread feeling”:
Time,
June 30, 1961.

p. 417: “I ‘feel in my bones’”: Horne,
Macmillan,
310. See
The Times
of London, which complained that JFK “has not exercised proper and effective leadership”: Sen. Albert Gore to Editor, The Times, June 28, 1961, Box 27, POF.

p. 417: “this problem”:
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
107-8.

p. 417: “There are limits”: Quoted in Wofford, 379.

p. 418: Khrushchev’s dilemma: Vladislav M. Zubok, “Khrushchev and the Berlin Crisis, 1958-1962,” Cold War International History Project, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Washington, D.C., May 1993.

p. 418: Aide-mémoires and Khrushchev speech:
New York Times,
June 12, 16, and 17, 1961.

p. 418: “dropped all pretense”:
FRUS: Soviet Union,
249-50.

p. 418: Hans J. Morgenthau, “The Trouble with Kennedy,”
Commentary,
Dec. 1961, 51-55.

p. 418: But behind the scenes:
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
265.

p. 418: “He’s imprisoned”: Sidey, 218.

pp. 418-19: Highest priority:
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
106-38. Also see NSAM No. 41, April 25, 1961, Box 329, NSF; Henry Kissinger to McGeorge Bundy, June 1, 1961, Box 31, POF; JFK-Finletter meeting, June 14, 1961, and JFK-Stikker meeting, June 16, 1961, Box 220A, NSF; Amb. David Bruce to Rusk, June 25, 1961, Box 170, NSF.

p. 419: “The need for re-establishing”:
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
135-36, and 138-59.

p. 419: “Look at this”: Quoted in Richard Reeves, 188-89.

pp. 419-20: The Nixon dig and the news conference:
PPP: JFK, 1961,
476-84. 644: Also see ibid., 455-56, 458-59, 460-64.

p. 420: “more than military men”: NSAM No. 55, June 28, 1961, Box 330, NSF.

p. 420: June 29 meeting with Acheson and others:
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
160-62.

p. 421: JFK meeting with Soviet journalists:
FRUS: Soviet Union,
264-66.

p. 421: The leak and Khrushchev’s response:
Newsweek,
July 3, 1961; Beschloss,
Crisis Years,
244-45.

p. 421: Schlesinger delivered a memo: Schlesinger to JFK, July 7, 1961, in
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
173-76; also see Schlesinger to Bundy, July 13, 1961, Box WH 3, Arthur Schlesinger Jr. Papers, JFKL; and
A Thousand Days,
385-88.

pp. 421-22 : While they cruised: Richard Reeves, 192-93.

p. 422: Asked McNamara and Bundy: NASM No. 58, June 30, 1961, in
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
162-65. Explanations from the Pentagon: Bundy to McNamara, July 10, 1961, Box 273, NSF. Directed Sylvester: Arthur Sylvester to JFK, July 13, 1961, with Sylvester to Hearst, July 13, 1961, attached, Box 77, POF.

p. 422: July planning:
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
176-226.

p. 422: “the only alternatives” and “If Khrushchev wants”: Schlesinger,
A Thousand Days,
390-91.

p. 422: Press conference, July 19, 1961:
PPP: JFK, 1961,
513-21.

pp. 422-23: “didn’t amount to very much”: Guthman and Shulman, 276-77. Also see
PPP: JFK, 1961,
520.

p. 423: “Gentlemen, you might as well”: Quoted in Catudal, 182. Also see
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
218.

pp. 423-24: Kennedy’s speech on the 25th: Report to American People on the Berlin Crisis, July 25, 1961.
PPP: JFK, 1961,
533-40.

p. 424: Response to the speech: Donald M. Wilson to JFK, Aug. 1, 1961, Box 290, NSF.

p. 424: Press reaction: Schlesinger,
A Thousand Days,
392. Congress:
New York Times,
Aug. 4, 1961. Nixon:
Dallas Morning News,
July 29, 1961.

p. 424: Sixty percent: Gallup, 1726, 1729-30.

p. 424: Leaked suggestions: Beschloss,
Crisis Years,
262.

p. 424: Khrushchev was unhappy:
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
231-34.

p. 425: The “twin tactics”: Thomas Hughes, “August 7 Khrushchev Speech on Berlin,” n.d., Box 82, NSF.

p. 425: Closing the border:
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
325; Beschloss,
Crisis Years,
chap. 11.

p. 425: Fulbright quote: Schlesinger,
A Thousand Days,
394.

p. 425: JFK to Rostow: Rostow, 231; Walt W. Rostow OH.

p. 425: JFK, “I can get”: Schlesinger,
A Thousand Days,
394.

p. 425: Kennedy had no advance knowledge: Lawrence Freedman, 73-75.

p. 425: Frustrated and angry: Parmet,
JFK,
199.

p. 425: “With this weekend’s”: JFK to McNamara, Aug. 14, 1961, Box 273, NSF.

pp. 425-26: “What steps”:
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
332.

p. 426: Stayed at the Cape: Richard Reeves, 211.

p. 426: State Dept. statement: Ibid., 325.

p. 426: “Why would Khrushchev”: O’Donnell and Powers, 303.

p. 426: “can and should be”:
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
339-41.

p. 426: Willy Brandt:
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
345-46.

p. 426: “Look at this!”: Quoted in Wyden,
Wall,
230.

p. 426: Aug. 17 meeting:
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
347-49.

p. 427: JFK reply to Brandt: Ibid., 352-53.

p. 427: “There’ll be a lot”: O’Donnell and Powers, 303. Also see Walter Jenkins OH, LBJL.

p. 427: Norstad to Chiefs:
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
350-51.

pp. 427-28: On LBJ in Bonn and Berlin: Dallek,
Flawed Giant,
19-20; Schlesinger,
A Thousand Days,
396-97. Also see Wyden,
Wall,
227-34.

p. 428: Wanted fresh proposals: JFK to Rusk, Aug. 21, 1961, in
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
359-60.

p. 428: De Gaulle to JFK, Aug. 26, 1961, in ibid., 377-78.

p. 428: Neutralism and threats to civil air and road access: Ibid., 380-85.

p. 428: Nuclear testing and “Khrushchev intends”:
FRUS: Soviet Union,
284, 392.

p. 428: Khrushchev-Pearson:
Washington Post,
Aug. 28, 1961.

p. 428: Kennan reported:
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
387.

pp. 428-29: JFK to Adenauer, Sept. 4, 1961: Ibid., 389-91.

p. 429: JFK reply to Rusk, Sept. 5, 1961: Quoted in Schlesinger,
A Thousand Days,
398.

p. 429: Clay appointment:
PPP: JFK, 1961,
573.

p. 429: Nuclear testing: Ibid., 580-81, 584-85, 587, 589-90.

p. 429: “Fucked again”: Halberstam,
Best and Brightest,
84.

p. 429: “The bastards”: Quoted in Richard Reeves, 223.

p. 429: Khrushchev-Sakharov: Sakharov, 215-17.

p. 430: Sept. 5 conversation:
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
393.

p. 430: Thompson and Gromyko: Ibid., 388-89, 394-95.

p. 430: Reston:
New York Times,
Sept. 6, 1961.

p. 430: Wechsler:
New York Post,
Sept. 21-22, 1961.

p. 430: “spark a Western”: “The End of the Berlin Crisis, 1961-1962,”
Cold War International History Project Bulletin,
Winter 1998, 218-220.

p. 430: Message carried by Sulzberger:
FRUS, Kennedy-Khrushchev,
24-25.

p. 430: Rusk-Gromyko talks:
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
431-33, 439-41.

pp. 430-31: Message from NSK to JFK, Salinger, 191-94.

p. 431: JFK speech:
PPP: JFK, 1961,
618-26.

p. 431: “The United States and the Soviet Union”: RFK interview, Oct. 24, 1961, Box 2, Personal Papers, RFK Papers, JFKL.

pp. 431-32: NSK to JFK, Sept. 29, 1961:
FRUS: Kennedy-Khrushchev,
25-38.

p. 432: “This is really”: O’Donnell and Powers, 304.

p. 432: JFK greeted Gromyko:
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
468-80.

p. 432: JFK’s view of Gromyko: Walter Lippmann OH.

p. 432: JFK to NSK, Oct. 16, 1961:
FRUS: Kennedy-Khrushchev,
38-44.

p. 432: NSK announcement: Schlesinger,
A Thousand Days,
400.

pp. 432-33: JFK and Dealey: Manchester, 48-49, 85. Dealey Plaza in Dallas, where JFK was killed, was named for the publisher.

p. 433: JFK to Norstad, Oct. 20, 1961:
FRUS: Berlin Crisis,
520-23.

p. 433: The Gilpatric speech: Beschloss,
Crisis Years,
329-31.

pp. 433-34: Soviet reaction: Ibid., 331-36. NSK to JFK, Nov. 9, 1961:
FRUS: Kennedy-Khrushchev,
45-57.

p. 434: “a time of”: Bundy, 363, 681.

p. 434: Rusk cable:
FRUS: Soviet Union,
308-10.

p. 434: JFK and Adzhubei, Nov. 25, 1961: Ibid., 320-34.

pp. 434-35: JFK and AES: John B. Martin, 661.

p. 435: Ten-year plan, Berle, and Schlesinger to JFK, June 27, 1961:
FRUS: American Republics,
19-25, 29-30.

p. 436: Mann to Rusk, Oct. 19, 1961: Ibid., 66-70.

p. 436: Bowles agreed: Ibid., 44-45, 70-72.

p. 436: Bowles and the State Department bureaucracy: Schlesinger,
A Thousand Days,
437-45.

pp. 436-37: “The question” and other Bowles quotes: Halberstam,
Best and Brightest,
88, 112.

p. 437: “a true believer”: Evan Thomas, 141-42.

p. 437: NSAM: NSAM No. 88, Sept. 5, 1961; Bowles to JFK, Sept. 30, 1961, Box 331, NSF.

p. 438: “The Cuba matter”: Quoted in Schlesinger,
A Thousand Days,
473.

p. 438: Discussions foundered and JFK asked Burke:
FRUS: Cuba, 1961- 1962,
620-21, 631-33, 635.

p. 438: JFK told Goodwin and ignoring Castro: Ibid., 640-41, 645-47, 654-58.

p. 438: Goodwin and Che: Ibid., 642-45; Richard Goodwin, 190-208; Goodwin, “President Kennedy’s Plan for Peace with Cuba,”
New York Times,
July 5, 2000.

p. 438: Renewed concern:
FRUS: Cuba, 1961-1962,
659-60.

pp. 438-39: Goodwin urged JFK: Ibid., 664-65.

p. 439: Mongoose and RFK quote: Ibid., 666-67.

p. 439: Nov. 21 meeting: Ibid., 684-86, 688-89.

p. 439: Eight schemes: U.S. Senate, Select Committee on Intelligence Activities,
Interim Report: Alleged Assassination Plots Involving Foreign Leaders
(Washington, D.C., 1975), 142.

p. 439: “people would be gratified”: George Smathers OH.

p. 439: His 1988 recollection: Beschloss,
Crisis Years,
139.

p. 439: “on the very same day”: Evan Thomas, 157-58. U.S. Senate,
Interim Report,
83-84, 128-36.