Andy Warhol Was a Hoarder (44 page)

Online

American Gaming Association, “Groundbreaking New Research Reveals Impressive Magnitude of U.S. Casino Gaming Industry,” October 7, 2014, www.​americangaming.​org/​newsroom/​press-​releases/​groundbreaking-​new-​research-​reveals-​impressive-​magnitude-​of-​us-​casino-​gaming; American Gaming Association, “Problem Gambling Pioneer: Fyodor Dostoevsky,” September 1, 2004, www.​americangaming.​org/​newsroom/​newsletters/​responsible-​gaming-​quarterly/​problem-​gambling-​pioneer-​fyodor-​dostoevsky; Cambridge Health Alliance, “The Ticket to Addiction: Fyodor Dostoevky,” Addiction and the Humanities, Vol. 3, No. 1,
www.​basisonline.​org/​2007/​01/​addiction_​the_​h.​html
; “Disgraced Former San Diego Mayor Maureen O'Connor: Brain Tumor Contributed to Gambling Addiction,”
CBSNews.​com
, February 22, 2013,
www.​cbsnews.​com/​news/​disgraced-​former-​san-​diego-​mayor-​maureen-​oconnor-​brain-​tumor-​contributed-​to-​gambling-​addiction
; Sigmund Freud, “Dostoevsky and Parricide,” 1928,
www.​slideshare.​net/​341987/​dostoevsky-​and-​parricide
; National Center for Responsible Gaming, “Gambling and the Brain: Why Neuroscience Research Is Vital to Gambling Research,” Vol. 6 of
Increasing the Odds: A Series Dedicated to Understanding Gambling Disorders
, 2011,
www.​ncrg.​org/​sites/​default/​files/​uploads/​docs/​monographs/​ncrgmonograph6final.​pdf
.

Albert Einstein
Books

Jennifer Berne,
On a Beam of Light: A Story of Albert Einstein
(New York: Chronicle Books, 2013); Denis Brian,
Einstein: A Life
(New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1996); Denis Brian,
The Unexpected Einstein: The Real Man Behind the Icon
(New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2005); Alice Calaprice, ed.,
The Expanded Quotable Einstein
(Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000); Helen Dukas and Banesh Hoffmann, eds.,
Albert Einstein, The Human Side: Glimpses From His Archives
(Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2013); Albert Einstein,
Autobiographical Notes
, translated and edited by Paul Arthur Schilpp (La Salle, IL: Open Court, 1996); Albrecht Fölsing,
Albert Einstein: A Biography
, translated by Ewald Osers (New York: Viking, 1997); Uta Frith, ed.,
Autism and Asperger Syndrome
(Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1991); Temple Grandin,
Thinking in Pictures: My Life With Autism
(New York: Vintage Books, 2006); Temple Grandin and Richard Panek,
The Autistic Brain: Thinking Across the Spectrum
(New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2013); Gerald Holton,
Einstein, History, and Other Passions: The Rebellion Against Science at the End of the Twentieth Century
(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2000); Walter Isaacson,
Einstein: His Life and Universe
(New York: Simon & Schuster, 2007); Ioan James,
Asperger's Syndrome and High Achievement: Some Very Remarkable People
(London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2005); Ioan James,
Remarkable Physicists: From Galileo to Yukawa
(Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2004); Dennis Overbye,
Einstein in Love: A Scientific Romance
(New York: Viking, 2000); Tim Page,
Parallel Play: Growing Up with Undiagnosed Asperger's
(New York: Doubleday, 2009); Ze'ev Rosenkranz,
The Einstein Scrapbook
(Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2002).

Newspapers, Magazines, and Medical Reports

Hans Asperger, “Problems of Infantile Autism,”
Communication
13 (1979), 45–52; Jeffrey P. Baker, “Autism at 70—Redrawing the Boundaries,”
New England Journal of Medicine
369, No. 12 (September 19, 2013), 1089–91; Simon Baron-Cohen, “Autism and the Technical Mind,”
Scientific American
, November 2012, 72–75; Simon Baron-Cohen et al., “Why Are Autism Spectrum Conditions More Prevalent in Males?”
Public Library of Science (PLoS) Biology
9, No. 6 (June 2011); Lizzie Buchen, “Scientists and Autism: When Geeks Meet,”
Nature
479 (November 3, 2011), 25–27; Jennifer Connellan et al., “Sex Differences in Human Neonatal Social Perception,”
Infant Behavior and Development
23, No. 1 (2000), 113–18; Geraldine Dawson et al., “Early Behavioral Intervention Is Associated With Normalized
Brain Activity in Young Children with Autism,”
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
51, No. 11 (November 2012), 1150–59; Marian C. Diamond et al., “On the Brain of a Scientist,”
Experimental Neurology
88, No. 1 (April 1985), 198–204; Dean Falk, “New Information About Albert Einstein's Brain,”
Frontiers in Evolutionary Neuroscience
1 (May 2009); Dean Falk, Frederick E. Lepore, and Adrianne Noe, “The Cerebral Cortex of Albert Einstein: A Description and Preliminary Analysis of Unpublished Photographs,”
Brain: A Journal of Neurology
136 (2012), 1304–27; David C. Giles, “ ‘
DSM-V
Is Taking Away Our Identity': The Reaction of the Online Community to the Proposed Changes in the Diagnosis of Asperger's Disorder,”
Health
18, No. 2 (March 2014), 179–95; Ioan James, “Singular Scientists,”
Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
96, No. 1 (January 2003), 36–39; Hazel Muir, “Einstein and Newton Showed Signs of Autism,”
New Scientist
, April 30, 2003; Oliver Sacks, “Autistic Geniuses? We're Too Ready to Pathologize,”
Nature
429 (May 20, 2004), 241; Oliver Sacks, “Henry Cavendish: An Early Case of Asperger's Syndrome?”
Neurology
57, No. 7 (October 9, 2001), 1347; Bari Weiss, “Life Among the ‘Yakkity-Yaks,' ”
Wall Street Journal
, February 23, 2010; Lorna Wing, “Asperger's Syndrome: A Clinical Account,”
Psychological Medicine
11 (February 1981), 115–29; Lorna Wing, “Reflections on Opening Pandora's Box,”
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
35, No. 2 (April 2005), 197–203; Sandra F. Witelson, Debra L. Kigar, and Thomas Harvey, “The Exceptional Brain of Albert Einstein,”
Lancet
353 (June 19, 1999), 2149–53; S. J. Woolf, “Einstein's Own Corner of Space,”
New York Times
, August 18, 1929.

Online

Simon Baron-Cohen, “Autism, Sex and Science,” TEDx Talk, April 13, 2013,
www.​tedxkingscollegelondon.​com/​simon-​baron-​cohen-​autism-​sex-​and-​science
; Simon Baron-Cohen, “Scientific Talent and Autism: Is There a Connection?”
www.​youtube.​com/​watch?v=FUbn2G2Ra-​8
; “A Conversation With Temple Grandin,” transcript/audio, National Public Radio, January 20, 2006,
www.​npr.​org/​templates/​story/​story.​php?storyId=5165123
; Albert Einstein,
The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein
,
http://​einsteinpapers.​press.​princeton.​edu
; Michio Kaku, “The Theory Behind the Equation,” NOVA, October 11, 2005,
www.​pbs.​org/​wgbh/​nova/​physics/​theory-​behind-​equation.​html
; Ian Steadman, “Watch Simon Baron-Cohen's Full Wired 2012 Talk About Autism,” January 18, 2013,
www.​wired.​co.​uk/​news/​archive/​2012-​10/​26/​simon-​baron-​cohen
.

Acknowledgments

I
am indebted to an enormous circle of very smart and generous people who made this book possible. My deepest appreciation to Gail Ross, my agent at the Ross Yoon literary agency, and Hilary Black, my editor at National Geographic Books, for their support and guidance throughout this fascinating journey.

From the start, Hilary buoyed me with her enthusiasm, patience, wisdom, deft editing, and championing of this book. I lucked into a most wonderful partnership. Many thanks also to National Geographic associate editors Anne Smyth, who diligently worked on the early stages of the book, and Allyson Dickman, who helped get me to the finish line with her abundant cheer, masterly deadline schedules, and editorial prowess.

My research for this book relied on many great minds, past and present. I am extremely grateful to the mental health scientists and clinicians who stepped out of their busy lives to share their expertise and to guide my understanding of extraordinarily challenging terrain. Although I could not quote everyone I interviewed, all informed my knowledge and contributed to the whole immensely. A special tip of the hat to those who were uncomfortable discussing “patients” they did not know but were nonetheless
willing to talk about these 12 conditions in the spirit of educating the public. If we recognize ourselves and the people we love in these pages—and I certainly did—you have served us well and, I hope, moved us one step closer to eradicating stigma and embracing empathy.

Reading about celebrated lives in history is one of my favorite pastimes; writing about them is supremely daunting. I could not have begun to craft the chapters in this book without the cadre of authoritative biographers whose works brought these 12 individuals to life. I am obliged to these writers for the biographical nuggets that I was able to share. On the subject of biographies: a shout-out to public libraries everywhere and especially to my local branch, Beatley Central Library in Alexandria, Virginia, where I spent many hours scouring the shelves and interacting with a wonderfully good-natured and helpful staff.

I am extraordinarily privileged to be the daughter of two loving and adventurous parents who are exceptional writers and thinkers. My mother Phyllis's graceful and reflective writing inspired my love for language early on, as did my father Bernard's insatiable curiosity, wit, and literary flair. My mother read early drafts, offered sage suggestions, and listened patiently and compassionately during moments of writerly angst. My father helped brainstorm, cheered me on, and, much to my delight, provided reporting. While I was researching Frank Lloyd Wright, he mentioned that he had interviewed the architect in the fall of 1953 at the Plaza Hotel in New York City. In a matter of minutes, I Googled his column, “The Author: Frank Lloyd Wright,” and found the reporting gems I needed to wrap up the chapter. Bernard Kalb is the
Saturday Review
writer who makes an appearance. Nothing could be more humbling and gratifying than drawing on my father's esteemed journalistic work for my own.

Several individuals offered immense guidance, input, and support. My sister Marina enthusiastically and generously read chapter drafts, made each one better, and bolstered my confidence. I cannot possibly thank her enough. Ongoing conversations with Joanna Spiro, friend and dedicated mental health professional, provided both sustenance and wise counsel as she answered complicated questions and walked me through challenging material. Steve Fainaru, loyal comrade and exemplary journalist, helped me navigate my entrée into book writing and provided ongoing encouragement, as did mentor extraordinaire Larry Tye, whose books have inspired me and who cares as deeply about the good work of others as he does about his own.

A coterie of friends and colleagues, many of whom I had the tremendous privilege of working with at
Newsweek
, helped in immeasurable ways. Lucy Shackelford cheered me on from the beginning, took on the critical task of fact-checking with her exacting eye, and answered my many “one last question” e-mails with unbounded patience. Pat Wingert graciously stepped in at the end, read the full manuscript with great care, and made many welcome improvements. Other generous souls talked through profile candidates, suggested sources, made introductions, provided information or expertise on specific subject matter, read a chapter draft, or offered much appreciated support along the way. Enormous thanks to: Ruth Arkell, Sharon Begley, Hannah Bloch, Bob Cohn, Sophia Colamarino, Nancy Edson, Yonit Hoffman, Dottie Jeffries, Barbara Kantrowitz, Fred Kaplan, Catherine Karnow, Anna Kuchment, Kevin Peraino, Stanley Rabinowitz, Joan Raymond, Debra Rosenberg and David Lipscomb, Karen Springen, Jamie Stiehm, Steve Tuttle, Anne Underwood, and Katie Waxman.

My 17 years at
Newsweek
steeped me in the best of journalism—deep reporting, thoughtful analysis, and compelling writing—and
provided a vast network of exceptional colleagues. My deepest gratitude to Ann McDaniel for her generous and steadfast guidance, counsel, and friendship throughout my journalistic journey. Much appreciation to Jeff Bartholet, Dan Klaidman, John McCormick, Jon Meacham, Lisa Miller, David Noonan, and Mark Starr, who supported my career in countless ways. On the health team, special thanks to Alexis Gelber and a salute to Geoff Cowley, gone much too soon and greatly missed. And to many others who have inspired me throughout the years, a collegial thank-you to all.

My family members provided welcome support and much needed distractions along the way. Abundant love and gratitude to my sisters and their families: Tanah, Hilmar, Max, Talia, and Camila; Marina, David, Elijah, and Wolf; Sarinah, Jaron, Leo, Susannah, and Bella. Big thanks to Hilmar for a superfun photo shoot and for sharing his great talent. For their ongoing and warm encouragement, many thanks to my aunt and uncle, Mady and Marvin Kalb, and to my cousins Deborah and Judith and their families. Debby's terrific blog about books and authors provided inspiration. Judy and her husband, Alex, talked Dostoevsky with me; Judy reviewed the chapter and, among many other helpful suggestions, explained the intricacies of Russian names. Much love to my cousins in New York, London, Mexico, and Argentina, and a special tribute to my grandparents and aunts and uncles who are deeply missed and with whom I would have loved to share this book.

Wonderful friends have provided companionship and fortification throughout my writing career. Heartfelt thanks to: Susan Berfield and Tim Brewer, Alex Bernstein and Sonia Daccarett, Katherine and Tim Dilworth, Jack Flyer and Winnie Hahn, Trina Foster, Beth Fouhy, Trent Gegax and Samara Minkin, Carmen MacDougall, Dan McGinn, Susan McKeever, Norah McVeigh and Peter Szabo,
Cindy Peterson, and Jessica Portner. I am blessed to have a large circle—beyond those named—and offer my gratitude to every one of you.

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