Carnegie (38 page)

8
.   Denis Stuart,
Dear Duchess: Millicent Duchess of Sutherland 1867–1955
, p. 92.

9
.   John Dowden,
The Bishops of Scotland
, pp. 234–5.

10
.   James A. Simpson,
Dornoch Cathedral
, pp. 14, 23.

11
.   Peter Gray,
Skibo: Its Lairds and History;
family references.

12
.   Joseph Frazier Wall,
Skibo
, p. 54.

13
.   Burton J. Hendrick and Daniel Henderson,
Louise Whitfield Carnegie
, p. 152.

14
.   John Connachan-Holmes,
Country Houses of Scotland
, p. 110.

15
.   William Calder,
The Last Country Houses
, p. 188.

16
.   Peter Krass,
Carnegie
, p. 443.

17
.   The West 51st Street home was kept on at New York for Carnegie’s sister-in-law Lucy Coleman Carnegie.

18
.   Burton J. Hendrick and Daniel Henderson,
Louise Whitfield Carnegie
, p. 151.

19
.   Burton J. Hendrick,
The Life of Andrew Carnegie
, vol. II, p. 152.

20
.   
Ibid
., vol. II, p. 167.

21
.   
Ibid
., vol. II, p. 88.

22
.   
Ibid
., vol. II, p. 152.

23
.   
Ibid
., vol. II, p. 155.

24
.   Joseph Frazier Wall,
Andrew Carnegie
, p. 715.

25
.   For the fine detail and legal background of this section the following may be consulted: Joseph Frazier Wall,
Andrew Carnegie
, ch. XIX, pp. 714ff; Burton J. Hendrick,
The Life of Andrew Carnegie
, vol. II, ch. 4, pp. 89ff; Peter Krass,
Carnegie
, ch. 27, pp. 380ff.

26
.   Peter Krass,
Carnegie
, pp. 395, 571.

27
.   Simon Goodenough,
The Greatest Good Fortune: Andrew Carnegie’s Gift for Today
, p. 35.

28
.   Burton J. Hendrick,
The Life of Andrew Carnegie
, vol. II, pp. 138–9.

1
.   Andrew Carnegie,
Autobiography
, Preface, p. v.

2
.   Simon Goodenough,
The Greatest Good Fortune: Andrew Carnegie’s Gift for Today
, p. 261.

3
.   Andrew Carnegie,
Autobiography
, p. 295.

4
.   
Review of Reviews
, London, vol. 23, April 1901, p. 344.

5
.   Simon Goodenough,
The Greatest Good Fortune: Andrew Carnegie’s Gift for Today
, p. 259.

6
.   
Ibid
., pp. 67–79.

7
.   
Sea-breeze
was requisitioned by the MoD during the First World War and was subsequently broken up.

8
.   Peter Krass,
Carnegie
, p. 403: Letter, 10 October 1900.

9
.   Burton J. Hendrick,
The Life of Andrew Carnegie
, vol. II, p. 217.

10
.   
Ibid
., vol. II, pp. 218–19: Letter, 21 May 1901.

11
.   Simon Goodenough,
The Greatest Good Fortune: Andrew Carnegie’s Gift for Today
, p. 80.

12
.   Andrew Carnegie,
Autobiography
, p. 272.

13
.   
Ibid
., p. 271.

14
.   Raymond Lamont-Brown,
The Life and Times of St Andrews
, pp. 92–4.

15
.   
Ibid
., pp. 96–8.

16
.   Burton J. Hendrick (ed.),
Miscellaneous Writings of Andrew Carnegie
, vol. II, pp. 291–319.

17
.   
Ibid
., vol. I, pp. 78–125.

18
.   R.G. Cant,
The University of St Andrews
, p. 133.

19
.   Douglas Young,
St Andrews: Town and Gown, Royal and Ancient
, p. 258.

20
.   
Ibid
.

21
.   
Ibid
.

22
.   Greg P. Twiss and Paul Chennell,
Famous Rectors of St Andrews
, pp. 67–8.

23
.   Andrew Carnegie,
Autobiography
, pp. 272–3.

24
.   Burton J. Hendrick,
The Life of Andrew Carnegie
, vol. II, p. 258.

25
.   
Ibid
., vol. II, pp. 258–9: Letter, 22 December 1901.

26
.   
Council Minutes
, Royal Burgh of Perth, 8 October 1902: Files, A.K. Bell Library, Perth, Scotland.

27
.   Revd T.R.S. Campbell,
A Short History of the Bonnetmaker Craft
, pp. 6, 12.

28
.   Burton J. Hendrick,
The Life of Andrew Carnegie
, vol. II, p. 172.

29
.   Simon Goodenough,
The Greatest Good Fortune: Andrew Carnegie’s Gift for Today
, p. 53.

30
.   Linda Thorell Hills (ed.),
Margaret Carnegie Miller: Her Journals
, pp. 2–3.

31
.   Anthony Allfrey,
Edward VII and his Jewish Court
, p. 94.

32
.   Burton J. Hendrick,
The Life of Andrew Carnegie
, vol. II, p. 174.

33
.   Andrew Carnegie,
Autobiography
, pp. 264–5.

34
.   Sir Harry Lauder,
Roamin’ in the Gloamin’
, pp. 264–5.

1
.   Simon Goodenough,
The Greatest Good Fortune: Andrew Carnegie’s Gift for Today
, p. 215.

2
.   
Ibid
., p. 226.

3
.   
Ibid
., p. 214.

4
.   John K. Winkler,
Incredible Carnegie: The Life of Andrew Carnegie 1835–1919
, pp. 281–2.

5
.   Simon Goodenough,
The Greatest Good Fortune: Andrew Carnegie’s Gift for Today
, p. 237.

6
.   
Ibid
., p. 253.

7
.   Andrew Carnegie,
League of Peace
, p. 1.

8
.   
Ibid
., p. 2.

9
.   
Ibid
., p. 33.

10
.   
Ibid
., p. 43.

11
.   
Ibid
., p. 47.

12
.   Peter Krass,
Carnegie
, p. 467.

13
.   Andrew Carnegie,
Autobiography
, pp. 366–8.

14
.   
Ibid
., pp. 369–70.

15
.   Peter Krass,
Carnegie
, p. 476.

16
.   
Ibid
., p. 481.

17
.   
Ibid
., 488.

18
.   
Ibid
., p. 490.

19
.   Linda Thorell Hills (ed.),
Margaret Carnegie Miller: Her Journals
, pp. 10–11.

20
.   Peter Krass,
Carnegie
, pp. 460–1.

21
.   
Ibid
., p. 499.

22
.   
Ibid
., p. 514.

23
.   Burton J. Hendrick and Daniel Henderson,
Louise Whitfield Carnegie
, p. 181.

24
.   Burton J. Hendrick,
The Life of Andrew Carnegie
, vol. II, p. 345.

25
.   
Ibid
., vol. II, p. 346.

26
.   Andrew Carnegie,
Autobiography
, pp. 371–2.

27
.   Burton J. Hendrick,
The Life of Andrew Carnegie
, vol. II, p. 347.

28
.   
The Times
, 23 August 1914.

1
.   Burton J. Hendrick,
The Life of Andrew Carnegie
, vol. II, p. 349.

2
.   
Ibid
., vol. II, p. 356.

3
.   
Ibid
., vol. II, p. 355.

4
.   
Ibid
.

5
.   
Ibid
., vol. II, p. 359. Jean Armour Burns Brown was the granddaughter of Robert Burns’s son Robert.

6
.   
Ibid
., vol. II, p. 360.

7
.   Peter Krass,
Carnegie
, p. 535.

8
.   
Ibid
., p. 536.

9
.   Burton J. Hendrick,
The Life of Andrew Carnegie
, vol. II, pp. 381 and 382.

10
.   
Ibid
., vol. II, p. 383.

11
.   
Ibid
.

12
.   
Ibid
., vol. II, p. 384.

13
.   Joseph Frazier Wall,
Andrew Carnegie
, p. 1035; quoting letter, 21 Janaury 1918.

14
.   
Ibid
., p. 1040; quoting letter, August 1919.

15
.   Louise Carnegie to Hew Morrison from 2 East 91st Street, New York. Skibo Castle Collection.

16
.   Quoted by Burton J. Hendrick,
The Life of Andrew Carnegie
, vol. II, p. 385.

17
.   
Literary Digest
, vol. 32, 30 August 1919, p. 42.

1
.   It was Andrew Carnegie’s daughter Margaret who decried her father’s ‘Santa Claus’ role; when Burton J. Hendrick was commissioned to write Carnegie’s biography for publication in 1932 she asked him to write about Carnegie the man not about his philanthropy.

2
.   J.P. Morgan is considered to have been the first to describe Carnegie as ‘the richest man in the world’. Burton J. Hendrick,
The Life of Andrew Carnegie
, vol. II, p. 139.

3
.   Andrew Carnegie,
Autobiography
, p. 3.

4
.   
Ibid
., p. 33.

5
.   
Ibid
., pp. 89–90.

6
.   Herbert Spencer,
Social Statics
.

7
.   Burton J. Hendrick,
The Life of Andrew Carnegie
, vol. II, p. 270.

8
.   Peter Krass,
Carnegie
, p. 121.

239 volumes of relevant papers are held at the Library of Congress, Washington DC.

Carnegie Autograph Collection, New York Public Library, New York.

Carnegie Steel Company Records, Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Annandale Archives, Pennsylvania.

Carnegie Birthplace Museum, Dunfermline, Scotland.

Private archives of the Carnegie-Miller families.

Andrew Carnegie wrote a dozen main books, several pamphlets and dozens of articles on various subjects. These are the major works referred to in the text:

Our Coaching Trip: Brighton to Inverness
, circulated privately, New York, 1882.

An American Four-in-Hand in Britain
, Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York, 1883.

Round the World
, Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York, 1884.

Triumphant Democracy
, Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York, 1886.

The Gospel of Wealth and Other Timely Essays
, The Century Co., New York, 1900.

League of Peace: A Rectorial Address Delivered in the University of St Andrews, 17th October 1905
, Ginn & Co., Boston, 1906.

Autobiography
, Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston/Constable & Co. Ltd, 1920.

Burton J. Hendrick (ed.),
Miscellaneous Writings of Andrew Carnegie
, New York, 1923.

Andrew Carnegie’s first biographer was Burton J. Hendrick, who spent five years compiling his two-volume edition of
The Life of Andrew Carnegie
, published by Doubleday, Doran & Co. Inc., New York, 1932. The whole, including a salary for Hendrick, was funded by Louise Carnegie.

Margaret Carnegie paid for Hendrick to write a biography of her mother,
Louise Whitfield Carnegie
, Hastings House, New York, 1950. The project was completed by Daniel Henderson after Hendrick’s death.

Goodenough, Simon,
The Greatest Good Fortune: Andrew Carnegie’s Gift for Today
, Macdonald Publishers, Edinburgh, 1985.

Harlow, Alvin F.,
Andrew Carnegie
, Kingston House, Chicago, 1959.

Judson, Clara Ingram,
Andrew Carnegie
, Follet Publishing Co., Chicago, 1964.

Krass, Peter,
Carnegie
, John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2002

Livesay, Harold C.,
Andrew Carnegie and the Rise of Big Business
, Little, Brown, Boston, 1975.

Mackie, James B.,
Andrew Carnegie: His Dunfermline Ties and Benefactions
, Dunfermline, 1916.

Meltzer, Milton,
The Many Lives of Andrew Carnegie
, Franklin Watts/Grolier Publishing, New York, 1997.

Root, Elihu,
Andrew Carnegie 1835–1919
, New York, 1920.

Schwab, Charles M.,
Andrew Carnegie, His Methods with His Men
, Pittsburgh, 1919.

Simon, Charlie May,
The Andrew Carnegie Story
, E.P. Dutton & Co. Inc., New York, 1965.

Swetnam, George,
Andrew Carnegie
, Twayne, Boston, 1980.

Wall, Joseph Frazier,
Andrew Carnegie
, University of Pittsburgh Press/Oxford University Press, 1970 and 1989.

——,
Skibo: The Story of the Scottish Estate of Andrew Carnegie, from its Celtic origins to the present day
, Oxford University Press, New York/Oxford 1984.

Winkler, John K.,
Incredible Carnegie: The Life of Andrew Carnegie 1835–1919
, The Vanguard Press, New York, 1931.

Arnold, Matthew,
Letters of Matthew Arnold
, London and New York, 1900.

Bates, David Homer,
Lincoln in the Telegraph Office
, New York, 1907.

Blaine, Mrs James,
Letters of Mrs James Blaine
, New York, n.d.