Read Chinese For Dummies Online
Authors: Wendy Abraham
Chinese For Dummies
®
, 2nd Edition
Published by
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Copyright © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey
Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey
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Library of Congress Control Number: 2012955832
ISBN 978-1-118-43666-0 (pbk); ISBN 978-1-118-43654-7 (ebk); ISBN 978-1-118-43657-8 (ebk); ISBN 978-1-118-43658-5 (ebk)
Manufactured in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
About the Author
Dr. Wendy Abraham
has taught courses on Chinese language, literature, history, and culture at Hunter College, Georgetown University, NYU, and Stanford University. She spent a year researching Shang Dynasty oracle bones in Taiwan, which sparked her deep interest in the development of China's written language. Wendy has directed Chinese language programs for American students in Beijing and Shanghai, and she has interpreted for high-level arts delegations from China. Her doctoral dissertation was on the Chinese Jews of Kaifeng, a subject about which she has written widely and continues to lecture frequently throughout the United States. Her interest in all things Chinese since the age of three continues unabated.
Dedication
This book is dedicated to Oszkar and Shandy, with love for the Iakab family â then and now.
It is also dedicated to my father, György, my mother, Marilyn, my sister, Susan, and my new brother-in-law, Michael.
Author's Acknowledgments
The first million thanks go to my mother for making this past year (and me) possible. It would never have happened without her and our late night Scrabble games, and I will be forever grateful.
The next million thanks go to my father for filling this past year with amazing new conversations, lots of love, and a letter to his newly found cousins.
Thanks also go to my sister and brother-in-law for their collective sense of humor and for reminding us about all the things in life for which we should be grateful.
To Gerard and Jean Russak for extending the welcome mat, music, and deep friendship to me and the ever-growing brood of cats on the Upper West Side.
To all those who made miracles happen this year: Csongor Nyulas (Hungarian translator par excellence), Bob Edelstein, Anna Mekulinova, Hila Turkienicz, Itzhak Fouxon, Nehama Rosenberg, Malka Spitzberg, Leon Fishbein, my wonderful Elly Ne'eman, and Am Hazikaron. My family will always be grateful for your help in finding Oszkar and Shandy while writing this second edition of
Chinese For Dummies
.
Needless to say, this book would not have been possible without the remarkable folks at Wiley: Stacy Kennedy (the wonderful and efficient Acquisitions Editor), Tim Gallan (the calm and collected Project Editor), Constance Carlisle (who labored tirelessly to get the audio CD just right), and Megan Knoll (whose eye for Chinese typos without even knowing the language was stupefying). Great team, all.
Finally, thank you Cynthia Reidlinger, Ollie, Tommy, and the extended Sargent clan for contributing so much to this book and providing a great dose of inspiration along the way.
Publisher's Acknowledgments
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Visit
www.dummies.com/cheatsheet/chinese
to view this book's cheat sheet.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Chinese in a Nutshell
Pīnyīn Spelling: Beijing, Not Peking
Sounding Off: Basic Chinese Sounds
Perfect pitch: Presenting the four tones
Adding Idioms and Popular Expressions to Your Repertoire
Chapter 2: The Written Word: Checking out Chinese Characters
Perusing Pictographs, Ideographs, and the Six Scripts
The Chinese Radical: A Few Clues to a Character's Meaning
Following the Rules of Stroke Order
Which Way Did Those Characters Go? Unraveling Character Order
Separating Traditional and Simplified Characters
Using a Chinese Dictionary . . . without an Alphabet!
Chapter 3: Warming Up with the Basics: Chinese Grammar
The Basics of Chinese Nouns, Articles, and Adjectives
Definite versus indefinite articles
Getting Into Verbs, Adverbs, Negation, and Possession
Bù and méiyÇu: Total negation
Getting possessive with the particle de
Yes/no choice questions using bù between repeating verbs
Chapter 4: Getting Started with Basic Expressions: NÇ HÇo!
Introducing your friends and family
Addressing new friends and strangers
Finding out where people are from
Taking (that is, rejecting) compliments
Chapter 5: Getting Your Numbers, Times, and Measurements Straight
Numbers from 10,000 to 100,000 and beyond
Specifying the time of the day
Save the Date: Using the Calendar and Stating Dates
Sizing Up Weights and Measures
Chapter 6: Speaking Chinese at Home
Appointing Your Rooms, FÄng ShuÇ Style
Chapter 7: Getting to Know You:Making Small Talk
Posing simple introductory questions
Chapter 8: Dining Out and Shopping for Food
Sitting down to eat and practicing proper table manners
Getting to Know Chinese Cuisines
Understanding what's on the menu
Placing an order and chatting with the wait staff
Finishing your meal and paying the bill
How much is that thousand-year-old egg?
Getting What You Want at a Department Store
Comparing quality: Good, better, best
What are you wearing? ChuÄn versus dà i
Asking about the color and material
Buying high-tech and electronic things
Getting a Good Price and Paying
Negotiating prices at the night market
Paying for your purchase (or demanding a refund)
Chapter 10: Exploring the Town
Exploring different types of music
Asking whether someone has done something
Exploring Museums and Galleries
Chapter 11: Taking Care of Telecommunications
Getting Familiar with Telephone Terms
Ringing hotels and places of business
Sorry, I'm Not Home Right Now . . .
Listening to messages that people leave you
Recording and understanding greeting messages
Chapter 12: Chinese at School and at Work
Settling into Your Office Digs
Scheduling and planning a meeting
Discussing Business and Industry
Chapter 13: Recreation and Outdoor Activities
Tapping into Your Artistic Side
Talking about When You Want to Travel
Celebrating the Chinese Holidays
Where To? Deciding on a Destination
Passports and Visas: Don't Leave Home without 'Em
Enlisting the Help of a Travel Agency
Chapter 15: Making Cents of Money
Staying Current with Chinese Currency
Making withdrawals and deposits
Making it past the check-in counter
Chapter 17: Asking for Directions
Avoiding 20 Questions: Just Ask “Where?”
Different strokes for different folks: Saying nÇr versus saying nÇlÇ
Getting direction about directions
Understanding the answers to “where” questions
Expressing Distances (Time and Space) with LÃ
Using Ordinal Numbers to Clarify Points of Reference
Chapter 18: Finding a Place to Stay
Checking In Before You Hit the Pool
Taking Advantage of Hotel Service
Checking Out Before Heading Out
Chapter 19: Handling Emergencies
Calling for Help in Times of Need
Deciding whether to see a doctor
Discussing your medical history
Treating yourself to better health
Chapter 20: Ten Ways to Learn Chinese Quickly
Listen to Chinese-Language Tapes, CDs, and CD-ROMs
Check Out a Peking Opera Performance
Chapter 21: Ten Things Never to Do in China
Never Accept a Compliment Graciously
Never Address People by Their First Names First
Never Take Food with the Wrong End of Your Chopsticks
Never Drink Alcohol Without First Offering a Toast
Never Let Someone Else Pay the Bill Without Fighting for It
Never Accept Food, Drinks, or Gifts Without First Refusing a Few Times