manta ray
Manuel, King
Manzorro, Rodrigo
Mappa Mundi of 1500
Margarit, Pedro
Margarita
Margarita, Archduchess
Marie Galante
Marien
Marieni
Marmóreo
Martinique
Martyr, Peter
mastic
Matinino
Maviatué
Maya civilization
Medici, Giovanni de’
Medici, Lorenzo de’
Medina del Campo
Medina Sidonia, Duke of
Méndez de Segura, Diego
Milan
Mona Passage
Monastery of the Vertudes
Moñiz, Felipa,
see
Perestrello, Felipa Moñiz
Moñiz, Gil Ayres
monkeys
Monte Cristi
Montego Bay
Montserrat
moon, eclipses of
Moors
Morant Cays
Moreno, Juan
Morocco
mosquitoes
Moustique Bay
Mújica, Adrián de
Muñoz, Fernán
music
Muslims
Naturalis historia
(Pliny)
Navassa
navigation
astrolabes in
Columbus’s skill in
dead reckoning in
quadrants in
Nevis
Nicaragua
Nice
Nicholas V, Pope
Niña
land sighting and
on return trip to Spain
as
Santa Clara
on second voyage
Niño, Peralonso
Noli, António de
North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre
Nossa Senhora dos Anjos
Noya, Juan de
Nuestra Señora de las Nieves
Odemira
Ojeda, Alonso de
Order of Alcántara
Orinoco
Ortelius, Abraham
Our Lady’s Expectation
Ovando, Nicolás de
Ozama River
Pacific Ocean
Palos
Panama
Isthmus of
Pandiani, Emilio
Pané, Ramon
Pangaea
Paolo, Master
paradise, entrance to
Paria Peninsula
parrots
pearls
peccaries
pepper
pepper, chili
Peraza, Hernán de
Perestrello, Bartolomeo
Perestrello, Felipa Moñiz (wife)
death of
Pérez, Alonso
Pérez, Hernán
Pérez, Rodrigo
Pérez de Luna, Fernand
Pernambuco
Philip the Fair
Pina, Rui da
pineapples
Pingue Channel
Pinta
land sighting and
on return trip to Spain
Pinzón, Arias Pérez
Pinzón, Francisco Martín
Pinzón, Martín Alonso
Pinzón, Vicente Yáñez
Pius II, Pope
Pizarro, Francisco
Pizarro, Gonzalo
Pizarro, Hernando
Pizarro, Juan
plants
agriculture and
cacao (chocolate)
cassava
chili pepper
cinnamon
Columbian Exchange and
cotton
fruit
Jamaican plum
maize
manchineel
mastic
pepper
pineapples
rubber
tobacco
trees
yams
Pliny
Point Arenal
Point Caxinas
Point Erin
poison arrows
poisonous animals
Polo, Marco
Ponce de León, Juan
Porras, Diego
Porras, Francisco
Porto Santo
Portugal
exploration and colonization by
newly discovered lands and
slave trade of
treaties between Spain and
Powerful Lady of Silence
Praia do Paraíso
“Prayer of Columbus” (Whitman)
Prester John
Ptolemy
Puerto Bello
Puerto Bueno
Puerto de Gibara
Puerto de la Concepción
Puerto de la Mar de Sancto Tomás
Puerto de San Nicolas
Puerto Gordo
Puerto Grande
Puerto Limón
Puerto Plata
Puerto Rico
Puerto Santo
Punta del Aguja
Punta de Serafin
Punta Fraile
quadrants
Queen’s Garden
Quinsay (Hangzhou)
Quiribirí
Quintero, Juan
Rancho Viejo Channel
rats
Regiomontanus
repartimiento
system
Retrete
Ringmann, Matthias
Río Belén
Río de Desastres
Río de Gracia
Río de Janeiro
Río de Oro
Río Guadalquivir
Río Veragua
Riquelme, Pedro de
Rock of Sintra
Rodríguez, Cristóbal
Roldán, Bartolomé
Roldán, Francisco
rubber
Ruiz, Sancho
Rum Cay
Russo, Gaetano
Sagres
St. Ann’s Bay
Saint-Barthélemy
St. Elmo’s fire
Saint Kitts
Salamanca, Diego de
San Antón
Sánchez, Ambrosio
Sánchez, Juan
Sánchez de Carvajal, Alonso
San Juan
San Martin
San Salvador Island
San Sebastán
Santa Catalina
Santa Clara
Santa Cruz
Santa Cruz del Sur
Santa Gloria
Santa María
Santa María
(first voyage)
land sighting and
wreck of
Santa María
(
Maríagalante
):
on second voyage)
on third voyage
Santa María de Gracía
Santa María de Guadalupe
Santa María de la Antigua
Santa María de la Cinta
Santa María de la Concepción
Santa María de las Cuevas
Santa María de Montserrate
Santa María la Redonda
Santa Marta
Santangel, Luís de
Santiago de Palos
(Bermuda)
Santo Domingo
hurricane in
Santo Tomás
São Miguel (St. Michael)
São Tiago
Sargasso Sea
sargassum
sea cows (manatees)
second voyage (1493–1496)
afflictions suffered by crew
agriculture and
animals carried on
Bartholomew Columbus on
captains and crew members on
Colina
Columbus’s encounter with chieftain
Columbus’s plans for
complaints about Columbus reach Spain
departure from Spain
and difficulties of empire building
Ferdinand and Isabella and
formal orders for
Fortaleza settlement established
Gallega
illness among expedition members
Indian rebellions
Indians and
Indians’ mass suicide
landfall
La Isabela massacre
La Isabela settlement
La Navidad fortress and
lunar eclipse observed
maps of
men left behind
party of men temporarily lost
pay for participants in
physical labor required
return to Spain
rotation of soldier-sailors
Santa María
(
Maríagalante
)
Santo Tomás fortress built
ships of
slave trade and
splitting of expedition
supplies from Spain
tribute system forced upon Indians
tunic-clothed men sighted
Sezé, Francisco de
Sforza, Ascanio
Sforza, Francesco
sharks
ships
Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies, A
(Las Casas)
Sinamaica Lagoon
slaves:
cacao and
in Genoa
Indians as
Indians’ taking of
in Portugal
Soria, Juan de
South America
Spain
exploration and colonization by
expulsion of Jews from
Inquisition in
newly discovered lands and
treaties between Portugal and
unification of
spices
chili pepper
cinnamon
pepper
Strozzi, Giambattista
syphilis
Taínos
Columbus’s first contact with
Tamoio
Terreros, Pedro de
Testigos
third voyage (1498–1500)
Columbus arrested and returned to Spain
Columbus’s belief in discovery of entrance to paradise
El Correo
criminals on
departure from Spain
Ferdinand and Isabella and
financial backing for
first ships sent on
Indians and
investigation of Columbus’s administration
laziness and lack of dedication of participants
maps of
Ojeda and
participants in
pay for participants in
plans for
results of
Roldán’s rebellion
Santa María
ships of
stowaways and
tidal wave encountered
La Vaqueños
women on
Thule
tobacco
Tobago
tomatoes
tornado
Torquemada, Tomás de
Torre, Juana de la
Torres, Antonio de
Torres, Luis de
Tortuga
Tortugas, Las
Toscanelli, Paolo dal Pozzo
Touloukaera
Triana, Rodrigo de
trade
Genoa and
with Indians
Travels of Marco Polo, The
(Rustichello da Pisa and Marco Polo)
Treaty of Alcáçovas
Treaty of Tordesillas
trees
people living in
Trinidad
map of
Tristán, Diego
tsunamis
tubers
Tupiniquim
Universalis cosmographia
Urabá
Urirá
Vaeça, Teresa de
Valenciano, Mateo
Valladolid
Vallejo, Alonso de
Vaneque
Vaqueños, La
Vega Real
Velasco, Pedro de
Venezuela
Paria Peninsula
Veragua
Vespucci, Amerigo
Virgin Islands
Visconti, Caterina
Vivaldi, Ugolino
Vivaldi, Vadino
Vizcaína
Waldseemüller, Martin
Whitman, Walt
winds
Windward Islands
wood
Xaraguá
Xerez, Rodrigo de
yams
Yaquimo
Yumbé
Zacuto, Abraham
Zapata Peninsula
Zedo, Fermín
Zorobaró Bay
ILLUSTRATION CREDITS
Insert 1
PAGE
1
Top
: The Art Archive / Biblioteca Nacional Madrid / Gianni Dagli Orti.
Bottom
: Erich Lessing / Art Resource, NY.
2
Top
: Erich Lessing / Art Resource, NY.
Bottom
: Museu de Marinha, Lisbon, Portugal / The Bridgeman Art Library.
3
Top
: Biblioteca Colombina, Seville.
Bottom
: Scala / Art Resource, NY.
4
Top
: Erich Lessing / Art Resource, NY.
Bottom
: The Art Archive / General Archive of the Indies Seville / Gianni Dagli Orti.
5 © Bettmann / Corbis.
6
Top
: The Granger Collection, New York.
Bottom
: Courtesy of the John Carter Brown Library at Brown University.
7
Top
: Courtesy of the John Carter Brown Library at Brown University.
Bottom
: akg–images.
8
Top
: IAM / akg–images.
Bottom
: Courtesy of the John Carter Brown Library at Brown University.
9
Top
: The Art Archive / Museo de la Torre del Oro Seville / Gianni Dagli Orti.
Bottom
: The Granger Collection, New York.
10
Top
: The Granger Collection, New York.
Bottom
: akg–images.
11
Top
: Centro de Estudios de Historia de México.
12
Top
: akg–images.
Bottom
: Image Select / Art Resource, NY.
13
Top
: Museo Galileo, Florence–Photo Franca Principe.
Bottom
: HM 177 Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdes, Historia general y natural de las indias, 1539–1548, The Huntington Library, San Marino, CA.
14
Top
: HM 177 Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdes, Historia general y natural de las indias, 1539–1548, The Huntington Library, San Marino, CA.
Center
: akg–images.
Bottom
: Private Collection / The Bridgeman Art Library.
15
Top and Bottom
: Bibliothèque nationale, Paris, France / Archives Charmet / The Bridgeman Art Library.
16 akg–images.