Command and Control (100 page)

“History of the Strategic Arms Competition, 1945–1972,” Ernest R. May, John D. Steinbruner, and Thomas W. Wolfe, Office of the Secretary of Defense, Historical Office, March 1981 (
TOP SECRET/RESTRICTED DATA
/declassified).

“History of U.S. Nuclear Weapon Safety Assessment: The Early Years,” Stanley D. Spray, Systems Studies Department, Sandia National Laboratories, SAND96-1099C, Version E, May 5, 1996.

“History of the XW-51 Warhead,” SC-M-67-683, AEC Atomic Weapon Data, January 1968 (
SECRET/RESTRICTED DATA
/declassified).

“Hydronuclear Experiments,” Robert N. Thorn, Donald R. Westervelt, Los Alamos National Laboratories, LA-10902-MS, February 1987.

“Information Bulletin: Intrusion Detection System, AN/TPS-39(V), Radar Surveillance Equipment,” Atlas-Titan, Radar Surveillance Security System, Sylvania Electronic Systems, West Mountain View, California, December 1964.

“Interim Report on Command and Control in Europe,” United States Department of Defense, National Command and Control Task Force, October 1961 (
TOP SECRET
/declassified), NSA.

“Job Attitudes: How SAC Personnel Compare with the Rest of the Air Force,” Stephen D. Bull III, Air Command and Staff College, Air University, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama, 1986.

“JTF Operations Since 1983,” George Stewart, S. M. Fabbri, and A. B. Siegel, CRM-94-42, Center for Naval Analyses, July 1994.

“Jupiter: Development Aspects—Deployment,” John C. Brassell, Historical Office, Mobile Air Material Area, Brookley Air Force Base, September 1962 (
SECRET
/declassified), NSA.

“Lessons Learned from Early Criticality Accidents,” Richard E. Malenfant, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Submitted for Nuclear Criticality Technology Safety Project Workshop, Gaithersburg, Maryland, May 14–15, 1996.

“Living in the Question? The Berlin Nuclear Crisis Critical Oral History,” Benina Berger Gould, Institute of Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies, UC Berkeley, Working Paper, March 2003.

“The Magnitude of Initial Postattack Recovery Activities,” Richard L. Goen, Stanford Research Institute, Prepared for the Office of Civil Defense, Office of the Secretary of the Army, December 1971.

“The Manhattan Project: Making the Atomic Bomb,” F. G. Gosling, National Security History Series, United States Department of Energy, January 2010.

“Manual for Handling Missile Propellants,” Facilities Engineering Department, Pan American World Airways, Guided Missiles Range Division, Patrick AFB, Florida, 1958.

“The Marshal's Baton: There Is No Bomb, There Was No Bomb, They Were Not Looking for a Bomb,” Svend Aage Christensen, Danish Institute for International Studies, DIIS Report, No. 18, 2009.

“Military Applications of Nuclear Technology,” Part 1, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Military Applications, Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, Ninety-third Congress, April 16, 1973.

“Military and Civil Defense Nuclear Weapons Effects Projects Conducted at the Nevada Test Site: 1951–1958,” Barbara Killian, Defense Threat Reduction Agency DTRA-IR-10-57, May 2011.

“Minimum Nuclear Deterrence Research: Final Report,” Gregory Giles, C. Cleary, M. Ledgerwood, Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Advanced Systems and Concepts Office, May 15, 2003.

“Minutes of the Eleventh Explosives Safety Seminar,” Vol. 2, Sheraton-Peabody Hotel, Memphis, Tennessee, Armed Services Explosives Safety Board, September 9–10, 1969.

“Missile Launch/Missile Officer (LGM-25): Missile Systems,” Student Study Guide 3OBR1821F/3121F-V1 Through 4, Volume I of II, Department of Missile and Space Training, Sheppard Technical Training Center, September 1968.

“Missile Liquid Propellant Systems Maintenance Specialist,” Volume 3, Propellant Transfer System, CDC 4551, Extension Course Institute, Air Training Command, February 1983.

“Missile Procurement, Air Force,” United States Congress, Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Defense, House Committee on Appropriations, May 16, 1961 (
SECRET
/declassified), NSA.

“Missile Silo Fire at Little Rock AFB, Arkansas,” and “Fire Protection Problems for Special Atmospheres—Including Oxygen,” Federal Fire Council, Minutes of Annual Meeting, Washington, D.C., April 5, 1967.

“Modernizing U.S. Nuclear Strategy, Force Structure and Posture,” Global Zero U.S. Nuclear Policy Commission Report, May 2012.

“Modernizing U.S. Strategic Offensive Forces: The Administration's Program and Alternatives,” a CBO Study, Congressional Budget Office, Congress of the United States, May 1983.

“MX Missile Basing,” Office of Technology, United States Government Printing Office, September 1981.

“MX Missile Basing Mode,” Hearings Before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, United States Senate, Ninety-sixth Congress, Second Session, Special Hearing, Department of Defense, 1980.

“National Defense Budget Estimates for FY 2013,” Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller), March 2012.

“NATO in the 1960's,” National Security Council, November 8, 1960 (
TOP SECRET
/declassified), NSA.

“Nonstrategic Nuclear Weapons,” Amy F. Woolf, CRS Report for Congress, Congressional Research Service, February 14, 2012.

“NORAD's Information Processing Improvement Program: Will It Enhance Mission Capability?” Elmer B. Staats, Comptroller General of the United States, Report to Congress, General Accounting Office, LCD-78-117, September 21, 1978.

“NORAD's Missile Warning System: What Went Wrong?” Comptroller General of the United States, Report to Congress, General Accounting Office, MASAD-81-30, May 15, 1981.

“North Korea's Nuclear Weapons: Technical Issues,” Mary Beth Nikitin, CRS Report for Congress, Congressional Research Service, April 3, 2013.

“Nuclear Hardness and Base Escape,” Rayford P. Patrick, USAF, Engineering Report No. 5-112, Directorate of Aircraft Maintenance, Headquarters, Strategic Air Command, March 31, 1981.

“The Nuclear Safety Problem,” T. D. Brumleve, Advanced System Research Department 5510, Sandia Corporation, Livermore Laboratory, SCL-DR-67, 1967 (
SECRET/RESTRICTED DATA
/declassified).

“Nuclear Warheads: The Reliable Replacement Warhead Program and the Life Extension Program,” Jonathan Medalia, CRS Report for Congress, Congressional Research Service, December 3, 2007.

“Nuclear Weapon Safety,” Sandia Corporation with the Cooperation of the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory and the Ernest O. Lawrence Radiation Laboratory, SC-4630(WD), October 1961 (
SECRET/RESTRICTED DATA
/declassified).

“Nuclear Weapon Specialist, Volume 4: Bomb Maintenance,” CDC 46350, Extension Course Institute, Air Training Command, July 1980 (
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
).

“Nuclear Weapon Specialist, Volume 5: Rockets, Missiles, and Reentry Systems,” CDC 46350, Extension Course Institute, Air Training Command, November 1980 (
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
).

“Nuclear Weapons Engineering and Delivery,” Los Alamos Technical Series, Volume 23, LA-1161 July 1946 (
SECRET
/declassified).

“Nuclear Weapons Testing at the Nevada Test Site: The First Decade,” John C. Hopkins and Barbara Killian, Defense Threat Reduction Agency, May 2011.

“On a Distributed Command and Control System Configuration,” Paul Baran, U.S. Air Force, Project RAND, Research Memorandum, RM-2632, December 31, 1960.

“On Distributed Communications Networks,” Paul Baran, RAND Corporation, P-2626, September 1962.

“On the Risk of an Accidental or Unauthorized Nuclear Detonation,” Fred Charles Iklé with Gerald J. Aronson and Albert Madansky, Research Memorandum, U.S. Air Force Project RAND, RM-2251, October 15, 1958 (
CONFIDENTIAL/RESTRICTED DATA
/declassified).

“On Weapons Plutonium in the Arctic Environment (Thule, Greenland),” Mats Eriksson, Risø National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark, Risø-R-1321(EN), April 2002.

“Operation Castle, Project 3.2: Crater Survey, Headquarters, Field Command, Armed Forces Special Weapons Project, June 1955 (
SECRET/FORMERLY RESTRICTED DATA
/declassified).

“Operation Dominic: Fish Bowl Series,” Project Officers Report—Project 8C, Reentry Vehicle Tests, M. J. Rubenstein, Air Force Special Weapons Center, July 3, 1963 (
SECRET/RESTRICTED DATA
/declassified).

“Operation Dominic I, 1962,” United States Atmospheric Nuclear Weapons Tests, Nuclear Test Personnel Review, Defense Nuclear Agency, February 1983.

“Operation Dominic II, Shot Small Boy, Project Officers Report—Project 7.14: Bomb Alarm Detector Test,” Cecil C. Harvell, Defense Atomic Support Agency, April 19, 1963 (
CONFIDENTIAL/FORMERLY RESTRICTED DATA
/declassified).

“Operation Ivy 1952,” United States Atmospheric Nuclear Weapons Tests, Nuclear Test Personnel Review, Defense Nuclear Agency, DNA 6036F, December 1, 1982.

“Operation Upshot-Knothole, 1953,” United States Atmospheric Nuclear Weapons Tests, Nuclear Test Personnel Review, Defense Nuclear Agency, DNA 6014F, January 11, 1982.

“The Origins and Evolution of S
²
C at Sandia National Laboratories, 1949–1996,” William L. Stevens, Consultant to Surety Assessment Center, Sandia National Laboratories, SAND99-1308, September 2001 (
OFFICIAL USE ONLY
).

“Our Nation's Nuclear Warning System: Will It Work if We Need It?” Hearing Before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives, Ninety-ninth Congress, First Session, September 26, 1985.

“Pakistan's Nuclear Weapons: Proliferation and Secruity Issues,” Paul K. Kerr and Mary Beth Nikitin, CRS Report for Congress, Congressional Research Service, March 19, 2013.

“PAL Control of Theater Nuclear Weapons,” Mark E. Bleck and Paul R. Souder, Command and Control Division, Sandia National Laboratories, SAND82-2436, March 1984 (
SECRET/FORMERLY RESTRICTED DATA
/declassified).

“Palomares Summary Report,” Field Command, Defense Nuclear Agency, Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico, January 15, 1975.

“Peace Is Our Profession; Alert Operations and the Strategic Air Command, 1957–1991,” Office of the Historian, Headquarters, Strategic Air Command, December 7, 1991.

“Pit Lifetime,” JSR-06-335, MITRE Corporation, January 11, 2007.

“Plutonium Hazards Created by Accidental or Experimental Low-Order Detonation of Nuclear Weapons,” W. H. Langham, P. S. Harris, and T. L. Shipman, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, LA-1981, December 1955 (
SECRET/RESTRICTED DATA
/declassified).

“The Postattack Population of the United States,” Ira S. Lowry, RAND Corporation, Prepared for the Technical Analysis Branch, United States Atomic Energy Commission, RM-5115-TAB, December 1966.

“A Preliminary Report on the B-52 Accident in Greenland on January 21, 1968,” Jørgen Koch, Symposium on Radiological Protection of the Public in Nuclear Mass Disasters, Interlaken, Switzerland, May 1968.

“A Primer on U.S. Strategic Nuclear Policy,” David M. Kunsman and Douglas B. Lawson, Sandia National Laboratories, SAND2001-0053, January 2001.

“Progress Report to the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, Part III: Weapons,” United States Atomic Energy Commission, June Through November 1952 (
TOP SECRET/RESTRICTED DATA
/declassified).

“Project Crescent: A Study of Salient Features for an Airborne Alert (Supersafe) Bomb,” Final Report, D. E. McGovern, Exploratory Systems Department I, Sandia Laboratories, SC-WD-70-879, April 1971 (
SECRET/RESTRICTED DATA
/declassified).

“Project Crested Ice: The Thule Nuclear Accident,” Vol. 1, SAC Historical Study No. 113, History & Research Division, Headquarters, Strategic Air Command, April 23, 1969 (declassified), NSA.

“Project Crested Ice: USAF B-52 Accident at Thule, Greenland, 21 January 1968,” Defense Nuclear Agency, 1968 (
SECRET/RESTRICTED DATA
/declassified).

“Protecting U.S. Power to Strike Back in the 1950's and 1960's,” A. J. Wohlstetter, F. S. Hoffman and H. S. Rowen, U.S. Air Force Project RAND, R-290, September 1, 1956 (
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
).

“The Quick Count System: A User's Manual,” N. D. Cohen, RAND Corporation, RM-4006-PR, April 1964.

“Reconsidering the Morality of Deterrence,” John D. Steinbruner and Tyler Wigg-Stevenson, CISSM Working Paper, Center for International and Security Studies at Maryland, University of Maryland, March 2012.

“Record of Decision: BOMARC Missile Accident Site, McGuire Air Force Base, New Jersey,” Gary Vest, McGuire Air Force Base, New Jersey, November 20, 1992.

“Recovery from Nuclear Attack and Research and Action Programs to Enhance Recovery Prospects,” Jack C. Greene, Robert W. Stokely, and John K. Christian, International Center for Emergency Preparedness, Prepared for the Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, D.C., December 1979.

“Reevaluating Nuclear Safety and Security in a Post 9/11 Era,” Lisa Brown and Paul Booker, Sandia Report, Sandia National Laboratories, July 2005.

“Remedial Action and Final Radiological Status, 1964 B-58 Accident Site, Grissom Air Reserve Base, Bunker Hill, Indiana,” Steven E. Rademacher, Air Force Institute for Environment, Safety, and Occupational Health Risk Analysis, IERA-SD-BR-SR-2000-0017, December 2000.

“Report of Ad Hoc Subcommittee on U.S. Policies Regarding Assignment of Nuclear Weapons to NATO; Includes Letter to President Kennedy and Appendices,” Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, Congress of the United States,” February 11, 1961 (
TOP SECRET/RESTRICTED DATA
/declassified), NSA.

“Report to the Congress: Assessment of the Safety of U.S. Nuclear Weapons and Related Nuclear Test Requirements,“ R. E. Kidder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, July 26, 1991.

“Report of Missile Accident Investigation: Major Missile Accident, 18–19 September 1980, Titan II Complex 374-7, Assigned to 308th Strategic Missile Wing, Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas,” Conducted at Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas, and Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana, December 14–19, 1980.