Cranioklepty (32 page)

¹¹⁵
Quoted in Ibid., pp. 75-76.

¹¹⁶
Quoted in Ibid., p. 76.

¹¹⁷
Goyder,
My Battle for Life,
p. 134.

¹¹⁸
Quoted in Hultkrantz, pp. 76-77.

¹¹⁹
Quoted in Ibid., p. 77.

¹²⁰
Quoted in Ibid., p. 78.

¹²¹
Virginia Woolf, “Sir Thomas Browne,” in
The Essays of Virginia Woolf, Volume Three,
edited by Andrew McNeillie (San Diego: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, 1988) pp. 368–371.

¹²²
Quoted in Tildesley, p. 34.

¹²³
Charles Williams, in
Notes and Queries,
October 6, 1894, pp. 269-270.

¹²⁴
Quoted in Tildesley, “Sir Thomas Browne,” p. 35.

¹²⁵
Ibid., p. 46.

¹²⁶
Edmund Gosse,
Sir Thomas Browne
(London: MacMillan and Company, 1905), p. 116.

¹²⁷
Thomas Browne,
Religio Medici, Hydrotaphia, and the Garden of Cyrus
, p. 129.

¹²⁸
Shane Leslie,
The Skull of Swift: An Extempore Exhumation
(Indianapolis: The Bobbs-Merrille Company, 1928), pp. 4–5.

¹²⁹
Browne,
Religio Medici, Hydrotaphia, and the Garden of Cyrus
, pp. 130–131.

¹³⁰
Quoted in Meredith, “The History of Beethoven's Skull Fragments,” p. 4.

¹³¹
Bauer et. al., “The Official Report on the First Exhumation of the Graves of Beethoven and Schubert by the Gessellshcaft der Musikfreunde in 1863,” translated by Hannah Leibmann,
The Beethoven Journal,
Vol. 20, Nos. 1 & 2 (Summer & Winter 2005), p. 47.

¹³²
Ibid.

¹³³
Breuning,
From the House of the Black-Robed Spaniards,
p. 112.

¹³⁴
Bauer et. al., “Official Report,” p. 49.

¹³⁵
Ibid., p. 50.

¹³⁶
Ibid., p .49.

¹³⁷
Ibid., p. 49.

¹³⁸
Gerhard von Breuning, “The Skulls of Beethoven and Schubert,” translated by Hannah Leibmann,
The Beethoven Journal,
Vol. 20, Nos. 1 & 2 (Summer & Winter 2005), p. 60.

¹³⁹
Bauer et. al., “Official Report,” p. 50.

¹⁴⁰
Ibid.

¹⁴¹
Ibid., p. 151.

¹⁴²
Breuning,
From the House of the Black-Robed Spaniards,
p. 116.

¹⁴³
Bauer et. al., “Official Report,” p. 55.

¹⁴⁴
Breuning, “The Skulls of Beethoven and Schubert,” p. 60.

¹⁴⁵
Breuning,
From the House of the Black-Robed Spaniards,
p. 118.

¹⁴⁶
Bauer et. al., “Official Report,” p. 55.

¹⁴⁷
Breuning, “The Skulls of Beethoven and Schubert,” p. 58.

¹⁴⁸
Ibid.

¹⁴⁹
Quoted in Davies,
Beethoven in Person,
p. 115.

¹⁵⁰
Joseph Weilien, “Speech Given at the Reburial of Ludwig van Beethoven,” translated by Hannah Leibmann,
The Beethoven Journal,
Vol. 20, Nos. 1 & 2 (Summer & Winter 2005), p. 57.

¹⁵¹
Meredith, “The History of Beethoven's Skull Fragments,” p. 20.

¹⁵²
Erna Lesky,
The Vienna Medical School of the 19
^th
Century,
Translated by L. Williams and I. S. Levij (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1976), p. 106.

¹⁵³
Lesky,
The Vienna Medical School of the 19
^th
Century,
p. 69.

¹⁵⁴
Ibid., p. 212.

¹⁵⁵
Tatjana Buklijas, “Cultures of Death and Politics of Corpse Supply: Anatomy in Vienna 1848-1914,”
Bulletin of the History of Medicine,
No. 82 (Fall 2008), pp. 582-583.

¹⁵⁶
Ibid., p. 589.

¹⁵⁷
Carl von Rokitansky,
A Manual of Pathological Anatomy
, in four volumes, translated by William Edward Swaine, Edward Sieveking, Charles Hewitt Moore, and George E. Day (Philadelphia: Blanchard and Lea, 1855), Vols. 3 & 4, p. 162.

¹⁵⁸
Buklijas, “Cultures of Death and Politics of Corpse Supply,” p. 586.

¹⁵⁹
Lesky,
The Vienna Medical School of the 19
^th
Century,
p. 569.

¹⁶⁰
Ibid.

¹⁶¹
Peter Eade,
The Norfolk and Norwich Hospital, 1770 to 1900
(London: Jarrold and Sons, 1900) p. 91.

¹⁶²
Quoted in Stephen J. Gould,
The Mismeasure of Man
(New York: W. W. Norton, 1981) p. 50

¹⁶³
George B. Wood,
A Biographical Memoir of Samuel George Morton
(Philadelphia: T. K. and P. G. Collins, 1853) p. 13.

¹⁶⁴
Quoted in Gould,
The Mismeasure of Man,
p. 51

¹⁶⁵
Ibid., p. 69.

¹⁶⁶
My account of Broca and Gratiolet follows Gould,
The Mismeasure of Man,
pp. 83-102, and
The Panda's Thumb: More Reflections in Natural History
(New York: W. W. Norton, 1980) pp. 145-151, Francis Schiller,
Paul Broca: Founder of French Anthropology, Explorer of the Brain
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1992), pp. 165-211, and Russell Shorto,
Descartes' Bones: A Skeletal History of the Conflict Between Faith and Reason
(New York: Doubleday, 2008), pp. 167-206.

¹⁶⁷
Quoted in Shorto,
Descartes' Bones,
pp. 195-196.

¹⁶⁸
Quoted in Gould,
The Mismeasure of Man,
p. 83.

¹⁶⁹
Ibid.

¹⁷⁰
Quoted in Lesky,
The Vienna Medical School of the 19
^th
Century,
p. 107.

¹⁷¹
Rokitansky,
Manual of Pathological Anatomy,
p. viii.

¹⁷²
Quoted in Lesky,
The Vienna Medical School of the 19
^th
Century,
p. 215.

¹⁷³
Leigh Hunt,
Selected Writings,
edited by David Jesson-Dibley (New York: Rout-ledge, 2003), p. 105.

¹⁷⁴
Paul Topinard,
Anthropology
, translated by Robert T. H. Bartley (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincot and Co., 1878) p. 311.

¹⁷⁵
Quoted in Gould,
The Mismeasure of Man,
p. 87.

¹⁷⁶
Quoted in Shorto,
Descartes' Bones,
pp. 198-199.

¹⁷⁷
C. A. Ward, in
Notes and Queries,
January 23, 1886, p. 68.

¹⁷⁸
Charles Williams, in
Notes and Queries,
February 20, 1886, p. 165.

¹⁷⁹
Eade,
The Norfolk and Norwich Hospital
, p. 159.

¹⁸⁰
Quoted in Davies,
Beethoven in Person,
p. 115.

¹⁸¹
Ibid.

¹⁸²
Quoted in Tildesley, “Sir Thomas Browne,” p. 41.

¹⁸³
Quoted in Henschen,
Emanuel Swedenborg's Cranium
, p. 11.

¹⁸⁴
Further information on the skull of Charlotte Corday can be found in Leslie Dick,
The Skull of Charlotte Corday and Other Stories
(New York: Scribner, 1995), pp. 1-32.

¹⁸⁵
Quoted in ibid., p. 7.

¹⁸⁶
Cesare Lombroso,
The Female Offender
(New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1897), pp. 150–151.

¹⁸⁷
Ibid., pp. 3-4.

¹⁸⁸
Quoted in Meredith, “The History of Beethoven's Skull Fragments,” p. 8.

¹⁸⁹
Charles Williams, in
Notes and Queries,
October 6, 1894, pp. 269-270.

¹⁹⁰
Charles Williams, “The Measurements of the Skull of Sir Thomas Browne,” in
Hydriotaphia and the Garden of Cyrus.
Edited by W. A. Greenhill (London: MacMillan and Company, 1896), p. xxvi.

¹⁹¹
John T. Page, in
Notes and Queries,
May 19, 1906, p. 397.

¹⁹²
Edmund Owen, “The Skull of Sir Thomas Browne,”
Times,
October 24, 1905.

¹⁹³
James Hooper, in
Notes and Queries,
September 22, 1894, p. 234.

¹⁹⁴
New York Times,
February 26, 1898.

¹⁹⁵
My account of this rivalry follows Louie Psihoyos,
Hunting Dinosaurs
, with John Knoebber (New York: Random House, 1994), pp. 15-29.

¹⁹⁶
Virginia Woolf,
Orlando
(San Diego: Harvest, 1956), p. 81.

¹⁹⁷
My account follows Shorto,
Descartes' Bones,
pp. 129-165.

¹⁹⁸
Quoted in Ibid., p. 148.

¹⁹⁹
Julius Tandler, “Über den Schädel Haydns,”
Mitteilungen der anthropologischen Gesellschaft,
Vienna, XXXIX (1909).

²⁰⁰
Notes and Queries
, October 19, 1901, p. 322

²⁰¹
See Sarah Symmons,
Goya
(London: Phaidon, 1998), p. 328.

²⁰²
“The Removal of Swedenborg's Body,”
Times,
April 8, 1908.

²⁰³
Quoted in Harry Lenhammer, “Swedenborg in Uppsala's Cathedral,”
The New Philosophy,
January-June 2003, p. 399.

²⁰⁴
Quoted in ibid., pp. 412-413.

²⁰⁵
Notes and Queries,
June 18, 1908, p. 56.

²⁰⁶
Quoted in Henschen,
Emanuel Swedenborg's Cranium,
p. 18.

²⁰⁷
Ibid.

²⁰⁸
Ibid.

²⁰⁹
Hultkrantz,
The Mortal Remains of Emanuel Swedenborg,
pp. 45-46.

²¹⁰
Ibid., p. 53.

²¹¹
Ibid., p. 49.

²¹²
Ibid., p. 66.

²¹³
Ibid., p. 59.

²¹⁴
Ibid., pp. 68-69.

²¹⁵
Ibid., p. 26.

²¹⁶
Ibid., p. 25.

²¹⁷
Johan Vilh. Hultkrantz,
Additional Note to the Mortal Remains of Emanuel Swedenborg
(Uppsala: Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, Ser. IV, Vol. 3, No. 2. 1912), p. 1.

²¹⁸
Ibid., p. 2.

²¹⁹
Ibid.

²²⁰
Ibid., p. 4

²²¹
Ibid., p. 7.

²²²
Ibid.

²²³
Quoted in Henschen,
Emanuel Swedenborg's Cranium,
p. 20.

²²⁴
William A. Williams,
A Reply to Our Critics
(London: L. N. Fowler and Company, 1890), p. 13.

²²⁵
Quoted in Harvey Cushing,
The Life of Sir William Osler
(London: Oxford University Press, 1940), p. 709.

²²⁶
Ibid., p. 102.

²²⁷
A. A. Campbell Swinton, “The Strange Story of a Skeleton,”
Times,
April 21, 1925.

²²⁸
My account of the Piltdown affairs comes from Frank Spencer,
Piltdown: A Scientific Forgery
(London: Oxford University Press, 1990).

²²⁹
Quoted in ibid., p. 58.

²³⁰
Tildesley, “Sir Thomas Browne,” p. 68.

²³¹
Arthur Keith,
Phrenological Studies of the Skull and Brain Cast of Sir Thomas Browne of Norwich
(Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd, 1924) p. 4.

²³²
Ibid., p. 30.

²³³
Ibid., p. 2.

²³⁴
Ibid., p. 30.

²³⁵
My account here follows Meredith, “The History of Beethoven's Skull Fragments,” pp. 6-13.

²³⁶
Ibid., p. 11.

²³⁷
Ibid., p. 12.

²³⁸
Ibid., p. 13.

²³⁹
Seligmann, “Last Will and Codicil,” translated by Hannah Leibmann,
The Beethoven Journal,
Vol. 20, Nos. 1 & 2 (Summer & Winter 2005), p. 64.

²⁴⁰
See Miles Russell,
Piltdown Man: The Secret Life of Charles Dawson
(Stroud: Tempus Publishing, 2003).

²⁴¹
Henschen,
Emanuel Swedenborg's Cranium,
p. 4.

²⁴²
Swedenborg Society Confidential Report, May, 1930.

²⁴³
Unpublished correspondence, Folke Henschen to Freda Griffith, November 22, 1955

²⁴⁴
Henschen,
Emanuel Swedenborg's Cranium,
p. 24.

²⁴⁵
Ibid., p. 36.

²⁴⁶
Quoted in ibid., p. 14.

²⁴⁷
Ibid., p. 49

²⁴⁸
Unpublished Correspondence, G. P Dawson to John Collins, February 15, 1978.

²⁴⁹
Unpublished correspondence, John Collins to G. P. Dawson, February 21, 1978.

²⁵⁰
Unpublished Correspondence, G. P. Dawson to the archbishop of Canterbury, February 19, 1978.

²⁵¹
Unpublished Correspondence, H. H. A. Whitworth to G. P. Dawson, February 28, 1978.