Authors: Greg Grandin
Tags: #Industries, #Brazil, #Corporate & Business History, #Political Science, #Fordlândia (Brazil), #Automobile Industry, #Business, #Ford, #Rubber plantations - Brazil - Fordlandia - History - 20th century, #History, #Fordlandia, #Fordlandia (Brazil) - History, #United States, #Rubber plantations, #Planned communities - Brazil - History - 20th century, #Business & Economics, #Latin America, #Planned communities, #Brazil - Civilization - American influences - History - 20th century, #20th Century, #General, #South America, #Biography & Autobiography, #Henry - Political and social views
7
. “The Clocks Put Back,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, September 19, 1885; “The Proposed Universal Day,”
Scientific American
, May 20, 1899; “A Belated Reform,”
Washington Post
, February 13, 1898; “News of the Week,”
Michigan Farmer
, November 17, 1900.
8
.
Estado do Pará
, December 27, 1930.
9
. BFRC, accession 74, box 13, “Report on Visit to Companhia Ford Industrial do Brasil,” December 2, 1930.
10
. BFRC, accession 74, Box 2, “Riot 1930.”
11
.
Estado do Pará
, December 31, 1930.
12
. Author’s interviews with Leonor Weeks and David Bowman Riker (David Riker’s grandson).
13
. “Armed Brazilians Raid Ford Rubber Plantation,”
New York Times
, December 25, 1930; “Enjoin Ford Interests,”
New York Times
, December 27, 1930.
14
. For the wheat bread and rice complaint, see BFRC, accession 75, box 17, “Interplant Correspondence,” Kennedy to Dearborn, December 24, 1930. For the Dearborn company store, see Nevins and Hill,
Ford
, p. 347.
15
.
Estado do Pará
, December 26, 1930.
16
.
Estado do Pará
, December 27, 1930.
17
. Franco,
O Tapajós
, p. 82.
18
.
Folha do Norte
, December 28, 1930; “Report Ford Ending Para Rubber Work,”
New York Times
, February 2, 1931.
Chapter 16: American Pastoral
1
. Collier and Horowitz,
The Fords
, p. 102; Sward,
The Legend of Henry Ford
, p. 223; Richard T. Ortquist, “Unemployment and Relief: Michigan’s Response to the Depression during the Hoover Years,”
Michigan History
57 (1975): 209–36; T. H. Watkins,
The Hungry Years
, New York: Macmillan, 2000; Joyce Shaw Peterson,
American Automobile Workers
, 1900–1933, Albany: State University of New York Press, 1987, p. 135.
2
. Brinkley,
Wheels for the World
, pp. 380–88.
3
. Collier and Horowitz,
The Fords
, pp. 102–3; Sward,
The Legend of Henry Ford
, pp. 224–25; “Times Good, Not Bad, Ford Says: Sees the Dawn of a Bright Future,”
New York Times
, February 1, 1933.
4
. Barrie A. Wigmore,
The Crash and Its Aftermath: A History of Securities Markets in the United States, 1929–1933
, Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1985, p. 444; Lacey,
Ford
, pp. 327–40; Thomas J. Ticknor, “Motor City: The Impact of the Automobile Industry upon Detroit, 1900–1975,” PhD dissertation, University of Michigan, 1978.
5
. Baldwin,
Henry Ford and the Jews
, p. 303; David Allan Levine,
Internal Combustion: The Races in Detroit, 1915–1926
, Westport: Greenwood, 1976, pp. 161–64. See also
From Kingsford: The Town Ford Built in Dickinson Country, Michigan
.
6
. “The Despot of Dearborn,”
Scribner’s Magazine
, July 1931; Halberstam,
The Reckoning
, p. 65.
7
. “The Little Man in Henry Ford’s Basement,”
American Mercury
, May 1940; Bonosky,
Brother Bill McKie
, p. 79.
8
. Desmond Rochfort,
Mexican Muralists: Orozco, Rivera, Siqueiros
, San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 1998, p. 126.
9
. Ford R. Bryan,
Henry’s Lieutenants
, Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1993, p. 284; Hounshell,
From the American System
, pp. 187, 288.
10
. Diego Rivera,
My Art, My Life
, Mineola, N.Y.: Courier Dover Publications, 1991, pp. 111–22; McNairn and McNairn,
Quotations
, p. 76.
11
. Lew Andrews,
Story and Space in Renaissance Art: The Rebirth of Continuous Narrative
, Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1998, p. 5.
12
. Steven Watts,
People’s Tycoon: Henry Ford and the American Century
, New York: Knopf, 2005, pp. 320–21; Ralph Waldo Trine,
The Power That Wins
, Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1928, p. 77.
13
. Watts,
People’s Tycoon
, p. 422; Geoffrey C. Upward,
A Home for Our Heritage: The Building and Growth of Greenfield Village and Henry Ford Museum
, 1929–1979, Dearborn: Henry Ford Museum Press, p. 2; Steven Conn,
Museums and American Intellectual Life, 1876–1926
, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998, p. 156.
14
. Conn,
Museums and American Intellectual Life
, p. 159; “Ford Builds a Unique Museum,”
New York Times
, April 5, 1931.
15
. Upward,
A Home for Our Heritage
, p. 26.
16
. Simonds,
Henry Ford and Greenfield Village
, p. 134.
17
. Lacey,
Ford
, p. 244; Watts,
People’s Tycoon
, pp. 407–9, 422.
18
.
New York Times
, January 12, 1936.
19
. Rivera,
My Art, My Life
, p. 112.
20
. Nevins and Hill,
Ford
, p. 605; Dempsey, “Henry Ford’s Amazonian Suburbia,”p. 44; Marx,
The Machine in the Garden
, pp. 18, 165.
21
. Nevins and Hill,
Ford
, pp. 598, 610.
22
. José Ortega y Gasset,
The Revolt of the Masses
, New York: New American Library, 1950, p. 59.
23
. Lindbergh,
The Wartime Journals
, p. 712.
24
. Brinkley,
Wheels for the World
, p. 422.
25
. Collier and Horowitz,
The Fords
, pp. 121, 164.
26
. Upward,
A Home for Our Heritage
, p. 22; Richard Bak,
Henry and Edsel: The Creation of the Ford Empire
, New York: Wiley, 2003.
27
. Wright,
On Architecture
, pp. 145–46.
Chapter 17: Good Lines, Straight and True
1
. BFRC, accession 74, box 2, “Report on Visit of Messrs. W. E. Carnegie and V. J. Perini,” February 1931; “Opposition to Ford Dropped in Brazil,”
New York Times
, May 3, 1931; “Ford Plans a Town on Brazilian Tract,”
New York Times
, February 7, 1931.
2
. “Report Ford Ending Para Rubber Work,”
New York Times
, February 2, 1931; “Ford Men Deny Plan to Drop Rubber Work,”
New York Times
, February 3, 1931; “Edison to Stay on Job Till He Makes Rubber,”
New York Times
, March 18, 1930;
India Rubber Journal
, May 23, 1931, p. 671.
3
. Segal,
Recasting the Machine Age
, p. 13; Brinkley,
Wheels for the World
, p. 380.
4
. “Opposition to Ford Dropped in Brazil”; “Ford Plans a Town on Brazilian Tract”; “Fordlandia, Brazil,”
Washington Post
, August 12, 1931; “Modern City Rises in Jungle,”
Chicago Tribune
, March 30, 1932.
5
. “Fordlandia, Brazil”; “No Business Depression Here,”
New York Times
, December 27, 1931; “Life in Fordlandia!”
Iron Mountain Daily News
, May 18, 1932.
6
.
Washington Post
, February 15, 1942; “Sober Second Thoughts on Things and Kings,”
New York Times
, April 27, 1930.
7
. National Archives, RG 59, microfilm 1472, roll 40, 832.6176/58, Drew to State, February 14, 1930.
8
. BFRC, accession 23, box 17, “Rubber Plantation,” “Ford Summer Hour,” Sunday, August 24, 1941.
9
. BFRC, accession 38, box 68, February 1931.
10
. BFRC, vertical file, “Rubber Plantation; Brazil Correspondence,” Letter to H. G. Moore, September 26, 1934.
11
. Meyer,
The Five Dollar Day
, p. 176; Nevins and Hill,
Ford
, p. 537; “Report on Visit of Messrs. W. E. Carnegie and V. J. Perini.”
12
. Esch, “Fordtown,” p. 120; “Ford Voyagers,”
Detroit News
, July 28, 1928.
13
.
Folha do Norte
, September 16, 1934.
14
. “Report on Visit of Messrs. W. E. Carnegie and V. J. Perini.”
15
. “Report on Visit of Messrs. W. E. Carnegie and V. J. Perini”; BFRC, accession 390, box 86, Johnston to Wibel, October 9, 1933.
16
. BFRC, accession 74, box 13, “Black Binder,” “Brazil Rubber Plantation”; Levine,
Internal Combustion
, pp. 16–18; Nevins and Hill,
Ford
, p. 348; Joyce Shaw Peterson, “Black Automobile Workers in Detroit, 1910–1930,”
Journal of Negro History
64 (Summer 1979).
17
. BFRC, accession 74, box 14, Johnston to Carnegie, May 25, 1932; Johnston to Carnegie, August 25, 1932; box 16, Johnston to Roberge, May 5, 1939.
18
. BFRC, Reminiscences, E. G. Liebold, p. 626; Charles Morrow Wilson, “Mr. Ford in the Jungle,”
Harper’s
, July 1941.
19
. “Ford’s Dream Lies in Decay,”
Los Angeles Times
, March 9, 1992; Wilson, “Mr. Ford in the Jungle”; Brian Kelly and Mark London,
Amazon
, New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1983, p. 287.
Chapter 18: Mountains of the Moon
1
. BFRC, accession 65, Reminiscences, Victor J. Perini (as told by Constance Perini).
2
. Brinkley,
Wheels for the World
, p. 218; BFRC, vertical file, Village Industries, General, “One Foot in Industry and One Foot in Soil” (Ford Motor Co. Program).
3
. BFRC, accession 74, box 16, Stallard to Johnston, January 13, 1940.
4
. BFRC, accession 74, box 16, Johnston to Roberge, October 23, 1930.
5
. Morgan Schmidt, “Farming and Patterns of Agrobiodiversity on the Amazon Floodplan,” MS thesis, University of Florida, 2003.
6
. Ioris, “A Forest of Disputes.”
7
. Ioris, “A Forest of Disputes”; Schmidt, “Farming and Patterns of Agrobiodiversity”; BFRC, accession 74, box 16, Groth to Johnston, April 27, 1940.
8
. BFRC, accession 74, box 16, “To the Members of the Belterra Garden Club.”
9
. BFRC, accession 74, box 17, “Interplant Correspondence.”
10
. Ibid.
11
. BFRC, accession 74, box 16, McClure to Edsel, August 3, 1939.
12
. Ibid.
13
. “Golf as Molder of Men,”
Dearborn Independent
, August 2, 1924.
14
. BFRC, accession 390, box 83.