Four Degrees Celsius (19 page)

9.
“Rescue and Search Pilots Reach City,”
The Manitoba Free Press
, December 6, 1929, 6.

10.
“Relatives of Missing Explorers Overjoyed,”
The Manitoba Free Press
, November 5, 1929, 11.

11.
“Real Romance at Re-union of Gallant Explorers and Their Brave Women Folk,”
The Manitoba Free Press
, December 7, 1929, 10.

12.
Hoyle,
The Northern Horizons of Guy Blanchet
, 138.

13.
George Norrie and Harry Norrie,
From Cloddy Earth to Glittering Gold
(Saint John, New Brunswick: Trinity Enterprise Inc., 2006), 214.

14.
Government of Canada. Mining in Canada:
www.canadainternational.gc.ca/guatemala/commerce_canada/mining-exploitation_miniere.aspx?lang=eng
.

Epilogue

1.
In 1928, Thayer Lindsley paid 2.5 million dollars for mining claims for Ventures Limited. Ventures Limited incorporated Falconbridge into its holdings that same year, with Thayer Lindsley as president and director. In 1962, Ventures Limited merged with Falconbridge and became one of the largest mining companies in the world. The stock shares reflected the value of this giant mining company. Lindsley served as president and a director until 1967, when he accepted the position of director emeritus. See Canadian Mining Hall of Fame,
www
.
mininghalloffame.ca
.

2.
Archival & Special Collections University of Guelph Library, Stanley MacMillan Recollections of a Dominion Explorers Pilot, XM1MS A129, File 1, 19.

3.
Ten Missions, Two Studies Crew Composition, Time, and Subjective Experience in Mars-Analog Expeditions:
www.pweb.jps.net/~gangale/opsa/TenMissionsTwoStudies/TenMissionsTwoStudiesFrm.htm
.

4.
Reverend Canon Comyn-Ching of St. John's Church, Fort McMurray, eulogy notes from Cruickhank/Torrie Funeral, July 1929. Karram Family Collection. “Pisgah” is a reference to the Old Testament, Deuteronomy 3:21–24, the Lord instructs Moses to go to the top of Mount Pisgah.

1. Articles, Papers, Reports

Archival & Special Collections, University of Guelph Library, Stanley MacMillan Recollections of a Dominion Explorers Pilot, XM1MS A129, File 1, 19.

Archives of Manitoba, “Search in Connection with the Lost MacAlpine Party.” Western Canada Airways Ltd., MG11, A321, Box 37.

Brown, Roy. “The Origin & Growth of WCA as I have Seen It.”
MHS Transactions
Series 3, Number 14, (1957–58), 9.

The Bulletin
. Vol. 4, No.1 (1932): 24. Tribute to the three men who died in the crash of 'SL. Published by Canadian Airways Limited.

Gibson, Ginger and Jason Klinck. “Canada's Resilient North: The Impact of Mining on Aboriginal Communities.”
Pimatisiwin: A Journal of Aboriginal and IndigenousCommunity Health
, Vol. 3, No. 1 (Spring 2005).
www.pimatisiwin.com/online/?page_id=444
.

Man Vs. Wild.
“Episode 11: Iceland,” Discovery Channel. November 2010.

“Marooned in the Arctic.”
The CAHS Journal.
Vol. 15, No. 3 (1977). Published by the Canadian Aviation Historical Society.

Pearce, Richard, “Marooned in the Arctic: A Northern Rescue.”
Altitude
, Vol. 3, No. 1 (2007).

Spence, Bill. “Recollections.”
Altitude
, Vol. 33, No.1 (2007): 10–11.

Western Canada Archives, “The MacAlpine Search Concluded.”
The CAHS Journal
, Vol. 15, No. 3, (1977).

2. Books

Avery, Tom.
To The End of the Earth
. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2009.

Blanchet, Guy.
Search in the North.
Toronto: The Macmillan Company, 1960.

Ellis, Frank.
Canada's Flying Heritage
. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1954.

Godsell, Philip H.
Pilots of the Purple Twilight
. Calgary: Fifth House Ltd., A Fitzhenry & Whiteside Company, 2003.

Hoyle, Gwyneth.
The Northern Horizons of Guy Blanchet: Intrepid Surveyor 1884–1966.
Toronto: Natural Heritage Books/Dundurn Press, 2007.

Lunny, June.
Spirit of the Yukon.
Prince George, British Columbia: Caitlin Press, 1992.

Molson, K.M.
Pioneering in Canadian Air Transport
. Altona, Manitoba: D.W. Friesen and Sons, Ltd., 1974.

Norrie, George and Harry Norrie.
From Cloddy Earth to Glittering Gold
. Saint John, New Brunswick: Trinity Enterprise Inc., 2006.

Pearce, Richard.
Marooned in the Arctic: Diary of the Dominion Explorers' Expedition to the Arctic.
Toronto: self-published, 1931.

Stefannson, Vilhjalmur.
The Friendly Arctic
. Toronto: Macmillan Company of Canada, 1921.

Watt, Frederick B.
Great Bear: A Journey Remembered
. Yellowknife, Northwest Territories: Outcrop Ltd., 1980.

3. Newspapers

The Manitoba Free Press.

“Eight Planes to Make Systematic Hunt for Men Missing in North.” September 23, 1929.

“History Surrounds Northern Post Where Explorers Where Found.” November 5, 1929.

“Intrepid Airmen Plan Desperate Attack On Secrets Of Far North.” October 2, 1929.

“News of Safety of MacAlpine Party.” November 22, 1929.

“Real Romance at Re-union of Gallant Explorers and Their Brave Women Folk.” December 7, 1929.

“Second Contingent of MacAlpine Party Will Reach Winnipeg Today.” December 6 1929.

“Work of Organizing Hunt for Lost Fliers Advances.” September 25,1929.

The Northern Miner.

“Arctic Party Battles Its Own Hungry Way to Safety.” November 7,1929.

“Confident Arctic Party Safe Though Down; Relief Ships Out.” September 26 1929, 1.

“First of Arctic Explorers' Party on Way Home — Hard Luck on Way Out”, December 5, 1929, 1.

“To the Flying Sourdoughs.” January 23, 1930, 18.

“Winter Grips North and Stays Hands of Rescuers.” October 10, 1929, 1.

4. Websites

Countries and their Cultures,
www.everyculture.com/multi/Ha-La/Inuit.htmal
.

GeoTourism Canada, Inuit Traditions & History,
www.geotourismcanada.com
.

Indian Traditions and their Cultures.
www.windows2universe.org/earth/polar/inuit_culture.html
.

Mining Hall of Fame,
www.mininghalloffame.ca/inductees/j-lthayer_lindsley
.

Bishop, Sheryl, Marilyn Dudley-Rowley, Kristin Farry, Thomas Gangale, and Patrick Nolan. “Ten Missions, Two Studies Crew Composition, Time, and Subjective Experience in Mars-Analog Expeditions.” University of South Carolina, The University of Texas Medical Branch,

www.ops-alaska.com/TenMissionsTwoStudiesFrm.htm
.

Jones, J Sydney, “Inuit,” Countries and Their Cultures,
http://www.everyculture.com/multi/Ha-La/Inuit.html
.

| About the Author |

Kerry Karram with her dog Becker.
Photo by Shannon Rickman.

Kerry Karram is the fourth generation of her family to live at the foot of Grouse Mountain in North Vancouver, British Columbia. Growing up, walking the trails and seeing the wild life instilled in her a love for nature. She lives in the family home with her husband Michael and children. Her four dogs help to make a full house.

Kerry has done public relations for a large company, and during her leisure time continues to teach handwork, design patterns, and publish quilting articles.

Writing a book was something that, as a child, Kerry had told her grandmother she would do one day. In 2008, she discovered her grandfather Andy Cruickshank's diary tucked inside a worn, yellowed envelope. Fascinated, she put her graduate studies on hold and, using the diary as one of her sources, began to write
Four Degrees Celsius
. Her deep interest in Canadian history and her love for the Far North is reflected in her writing.

She is currently working on her second book.

Copyright © Kerry Karram, 2012

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise (except for brief passages for purposes of review) without the prior permission of Dundurn Press. Permission to photocopy should be requested from Access Copyright.

Editor: Jane Gibson

Copy editor: Jennifer McKnight

Design: Courtney Horner

Cover design: Jesse Hooper

Epub Design: Carmen Giraudy

Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication

Karram, Kerry

Four degrees Celsius [electronic resource] : a story of Arctic peril / Kerry Karram.

Based on Andrew Cruickshank's diary.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Electronic monograph.
Issued also in print format.

ISBN 978-1-4597-0052-9

1. Search and rescue operations--Canada, Northern--History--

20th century. 2. Western Canada Airways Limited. 3. Prospecting--

Canada, Northern--History--20th century. 4. Canada, Northern--

History--20th century. 5. Cruickshank, Andrew David, 1898-1932.

6. Bush pilots--Canada, Northern--Biography. I. Title.

We acknowledge the support of the
Canada Council for the Arts
and the
Ontario Arts Council
for our publishing program. We also acknowledge the financial support of the
Government of Canada
through the
Canada Book Fund
and
Livres Canada Books
, and the
Government of Ontario
through the
Ontario Book Publishing Tax Credit
and the
Ontario Media Development Corporation
.

Care has been taken to trace the ownership of copyright material used in this book. The author and the publisher welcome any information enabling them to rectify any references or credits in subsequent editions.

J. Kirk Howard, President

www.dundurn.com

Front cover image:

The Fokker Super Universal G-CASQ crashes into the icy waters at Burnside River, Nunavut.
Courtesy of Western Canada Aviation Museum.

ice © Trevor Bauer/iStockphoto

Back cover image:

Andy Cruickshank in the Arctic.
Karram Family Collection.