Get Happy (84 page)

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Biography, like the making of movies that has occupied so many of the preceding chapters, is a collaborative art, and many people contributed to my life of Judy Garland. So many, indeed, contributed so much that it is hard to know with whom to begin. But perhaps it would be most appropriate if I expressed my gratitude first to Francis Gallagher, to whom I owe an immense debt. A Garland fan of many years, Gallagher, who died just as I was writing finis to my long project, was an astute student of Judy and her works, and he opened the door to the larger world of Garlandiana. Once inside, I found many welcoming hands. Charlotte Stevenson gave me scrapbooks that chronicled, in loving detail, several decades of Judy’s life. Ron Marcellin volunteered clippings from the New York newspapers. Ruth Ginther sent me tape recordings of just about every song Judy ever sang, as well as interviews and other talks. Ron O’Brien also provided valuable information, and so did Roslyn Portnoy and Rick Sommers. In England, Ken Sephton pointed to important sources, and Philip Hoare took time from writing his own biographies to research the London newspapers.

Other writers also gave me generous assistance. Barry Kehoe, who, with David Dahl, wrote
Young Judy
, an account of Judy’s early life, copied his notes and interviews for me; James Spada, the co-author of
Judy and Liza
, handed me several important leads; Fred Lawrence Guiles, the author of
Tyrone Power
, offered me information about Judy’s romance with Power that he did not use in his own book; Charles Higham, the author of many biographies, told me of Judy’s travails in Australia; and Roy Moseley led me to sources in both London and Los Angeles.

Librarians also extended me the courtesies so common in their admirable profession. Ned Comstock and his associates at the Department of Special Collections of the University of Southern California allowed me many days with the Freed and Warner Bros. collections. Sam Gill and his colleagues at the Margaret Herrick Library of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences gave me access to their priceless resources. In Dallas, Ronald L. Davis opened up the oral history collection of Southern Methodist University.
In New York, I relied on the libraries of Columbia University and the Lincoln Center Library of the Performing Arts. In Bridgehampton, where I live, I received more than a little help from the staff of the Hampton Library, which uncomplainingly sent to other libraries for many of the specialized books I needed.

Barbara Shalvey transcribed dozens of hours of tape-recorded interviews, as she had done with my previous biography of Truman Capote, and patrolled the New York libraries for me. Steven Varni also provided valuable assistance in New York, as did Paul Scheifer in Los Angeles. In Murfreesboro, Tennessee, I relied on Virginia Wilkinson, and in Superior, Wisconsin, Barry Singer was greatly helpful. In Grand Rapids, Minnesota, John Kelsch, the head of the Judy Garland Children’s Museum, gave me many hours, and so did his wife, Elizabeth, who photocopied hundreds of pages of the two local newspapers for me. In Lancaster, California, Grace Pickus performed the same onerous task and also provided me with the wisdom of her own long experience in that desert community.

Tom Green, who had not talked publicly about Judy since her death, candidly filled many gaps in my narrative. Mickey Deans, Judy’s last husband, generously gave me days of his time, as well as his hospitality. Although they were writing their own stories of life with Judy, Sid Luft and Mark Herron, Judy’s third and fourth husbands, did consent to see me, and I am grateful for their courtesy. John Carlyle gave me many hours and many leads, and Leonard Gershe, a man of many talents, gave me not only valuable insight but the title of my book.

My agent, Helen Brann, patiently steered me through shark-filled waters and brought me at last to that most excellent of editors, Robert Loomis. The entire Random House team, indeed, has reminded me that excellence still exists in publishing, and I want to thank Benjamin Dreyer, who saw my book through production; Jolanta Benal, who copyread my manuscript and whose keen eye saved me from some embarrassing infelicities; James Lambert, who gave my book its elegant design; Robbin Schiff, who came up with such a beguiling cover; and Bob Loomis’s able assistant, Barbé Hammer. Sarah Long-acre, an independent picture researcher, also worked tirelessly to find just the right illustrations.

I regret that space allows me to no more than mention the many others who so kindly helped me, often for many tiring hours: Tempe Adams, Briley Adcock, Ray Aghayan, Gene Allen, June Allyson, Patty Andrews, Steven M. L. Aronson, Annie Armour, William Asher, Erving Austin, Frank Avent, Jean Bach, Jim Bacon, Jim Bailey, Janet Bank, Paul Barnes, Nancy Barr, Helen Barrow, Lionel Bart, Michael Benson, Vera Bentz, Carl Bergman, Katherine Berkeland, Mary Jo Beyerstedt, Jeanne Biggers, Bill Binet, Betsy
Blair, Ralph Blane, Dirk Bogarde, Henri Bollinger, Norman Borine, Eddie Bracken, Irving Brecher, Betty Bridgewater, Donald Brooks, Rand Brooks, Rock Brynner, Randall F. Buckley, Chuck Bullidow, Joey Bushkin, Carleton Carpenter, Lucille Ryman Carroll, Ronald Carter, John Cebalo, Betty Chaplin, Saul Chaplin, Frank Chapman, Elizabeth N. Chitty, Jim Christenson, Larry Chrysler, Charles Cinnamon, Shirley Hadfield Clitherow, Charles Cochran, Joseph J. Cohn, Claudette Colbert, Lester Coleman, Marjorie Collier, David Patrick Columbia, Betty Comden, Ned Comstock, Mrs. John Connor, Tom Cooper, Alma Cousteline, Mart Crowley, Hume Cronyn, Marilyn Cryder, David Dahl, Ida Dahl, Allan Davis, Edward N. DeBaer, Catherine Deeney, Gloria DeHaven, Anne Boyce Denslow, Armand Deutsch, Jackie Dingmann, Henry Ivan Dorsett, Eleanor Downing, Kenny DuMain, Dominick Dunne, Milt Ebbins, Buddy Ebsen, Allan Eichler, Cecil Elmgreen, Carol Erickson, Margaret Erickson, Michael Feinstein, Dorothy Feist, George Feltonstein, Dick Fisher, Tucker Fleming, John Fricke, Gilbert Galla, John Gass, Ed Geller, Burt Geving, Cecil Gibb, Margaret Gibson, Harry D. Glyer, Milton Goldman, Gilbert Golla, Ethel Gorence, Derek Granger, Kathryn Grayson, Jack Grinnage, Howard Gronquist, C. Z. Guest, Fred Guiles, Frances Gumm, Norma Gurba, Flo Haley, William Harbach, Lee Ann Harry, Stephen Harvey, Peter Lind Hayes, Steve Henderson, Katharine Hepburn, Peggy Hessevick, C. David Heymann, Darryl Hickman, George Hoare, Maude Holman, Leonora Hornblow, Lena Horne, Jean Howard, James K. Huhta, Florence Huntley, Bob Irvine, David Jackson, Phoebe Jacobs, Al (James) Jennings, Evie Johnson, Jimmy Jones, Bob Jorgen, Stefan Kanfer, Lawrence Kaufman, Doug Kelly, Hilary Knight, Stanley Kramer, Nita Krebs, Miles Kreuger, Maurice L. Kusell, John Lahr, Eleanor Lambert, Gavin Lambert, Richard Lamparski, Burton Lane, Omer Lavallée, Anne (Shirley) Lederer, Harriet Lee, Peggy Lee, Janet Leigh, Wendy Leigh, June Levant, Peter Levinson, Mort Lindsey, Eileen Linton, Marguerite Lloyd, Archie Lofberg, Gene Loyd, Wilber Lundy, Andrew Lytle, Tom MacLeod, Mary MacDonald, Thomas Macfie, Stephen MacLean, George Maharis, Joe Mankiewicz, Rosemary Mankiewicz, Abby Mann, Dorothy Manners, Ronald Marcellin, Jerry Maren, Joe G. Marino, Frank Martin, Hugh Martin, Leslie Martinson, Samuel Marx, Dona Massin, Esteban Matison, Carol Matthau, Rita Maxwell, Ada Brown McLean, Ruth Mechaneck, Kay Meehan, Connie Menninger, Ken Merrill, John Meyer, Ann Miller, Ina Mary Miller, Sidney Miller, James Milne, John Milne, Jr., Robert Milne, Joe Mitchenson, William Moran III, Dorothy Walsh Morrison, Ronald Neame, Robert Nesbitt, Christopher Nickens, Dorothy Tuttle Nitch, Dorothy Oakes, Sheila O’Bannon, Margaret O’Brien, Virginia O’Brien, Irma Ootes, Janis Paige, Linton Parker, Ken Partridge, William Patterson, Richard Paxton,
Margaret Pellegrini, Buddy Pepper, LeRoy Percy, Gilbert Perkins, Woolf Phillips, Ben Piazza, Arthur Pickus, Grace Pickus, Mrs. Homer Pittard, Roslyn Portnoy, Elva Price, Carole Prietto, Walter Primmer, Marcella Rabwin, Alice Ratcliffe, Harry Raybould, Dorothy Raye, Christopher Reardon, W. M. Redman, Galen Reed, Jr., Burt Rhodes, Annie Roberts, Gloria Romanoff, Mabel Ronzheimer, Mickey Rooney, Glen Rose, Annie Ross, Edith Roth, Harry Rubin, Ann Rutherford, Paul Sand, John L. Saxhaug, Janet Schebendach, Scott Schechter, Jackie Scott, Mike Selsman, Ken Sephton, Glen A. Settle, Robert Settle, Nick Sevano, Irene Sharaff, Artie Shaw, James Shade, William L. Shirer, George Sidney, Lillian Sidney, Sylvia Sidney, Mayo Simon, Scottie Singer, Ralph Spielman, John Springer, Robert Stack, Harry H. Stein, David Stenn, Marti Stevens, Paula Stone, Irma Story, Ann Straus, Robert Street, Elaine Stritch, Jessica Tandy, Dace Taube, Bill Thomas, Brenda Thomas, Connie Thompson, Johnny Thompson, Martha Todd, Charles Triplett, William Tuttle, Billy C. F. Tweedie, Arthur Unger, Robert Vogel, Watson Webb, Matthew West, Edward A. White, Margaret Whiting, Lucy Whitesell, Esther Williams, Charles Williamson, Francis Willis, Alberta Gum Wilson, Lois Wakefield Wirta, Lana Wood, Thelma Wood, Wallace Worsley, Michael Woulfe, Michael Wright, Pam Wulk, Ned Wynn.

Aquarius, Hastings, U.K.: Frank and Ethel Gumm
;
collection of the author: Gumm sisters
,
Judy with Jack Haley, Ray Bolger and Bert Lahr in
The Wizard of Oz
,
Judy and Mickey Rooney in
Babes on Broadway
,
Judy, Jack Warner and Sid Luft at the
Star Is Born
premiere
,
Judy with Mark Herron
;
Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul, Minn.: Judy and Ethel on a visit to Grand Rapids
;
Photofest, New York: Judy and Deanna Durbin
,
Judy, Hedy Lamarr and Lana Turner
,
Judy, Mickey Rooney, Busby Berkeley and Louis B. Mayer
,
Judy and David Rose
,
Joe Mankiewicz
,
Judy and Vincente Minnelli on the set of
The Pirate
,
Judy and Fred Astaire in
Easter Parade
,
four
Annie Get Your Gun
costume shots
,
“Get Happy”
,
Judy and James Mason on the
Star Is Born
set
,
Judy with Frank Sinatra and Liza Minnelli
,
Judy and Liza Minnelli at the opening of
Flora, the Red Menace
;
Archive Photos, New York: “Trembling lips…”
,
Liza Minnelli and Peter Allen
;
Corbis, New York: Judy, Mickey Rooney and Ann Rutherford
;
Camera Press/ Retna, New York: Judy and Vincente Minnelli wedding
;
Cornell Capa/
Life
Magazine/© Time Inc.: Judy falls at the Palladium
;
Buddy Pepper: Judy en route to England
;
Evie Johnson: Judy, Clifton Webb, Merle Oberon, Van Johnson and Noël Coward
,
Judy with Janet Gaynor
;
photo no. 5T-505–7–62 in the John F. Kennedy Library, 28 Nov. 1962: Judy in the Oval Office
;
Bob Willoughby, Vence, France: Judy and Sid Luft in a London recording studio
,
Judy with Dirk Bogarde and Lorna and Joey Luft
;
Burton Berinsky, New York: Judy at the Palace
;
The Evening Standard
3/14/69: Judy with Mickey Deans

A Delta Book
Published by Dell Publishing
a division of Random House, Inc.
1540 Broadway
New York, New York 10036

Copyright © 2000 by Gerald Clarke

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 99-36285

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without the written permission of the Publisher, except where permitted by law. For information address: Random House.

Grateful acknowledgment is made to Warner Bros. Publications U.S. for permission to reprint excerpts from “Get Happy,” by Harold Arlen and Ted Koehler, copyright © 1929 (Renewed) by Warner Bros., Inc.; excerpts from “My Man’s Gone Now,” by George Gershwin, DuBose and Dorothy Heyward, and Ira Gershwin, copyright © 1935 (Renewed 1962) by George Gershwin Music, Ira Gershwin Music, and DuBose and Dorothy Heyward Memorial Fund, all rights administered by WB Music Corp.; excerpts from “Zing Went the Strings of My Heart,” by James F. Hanley, copyright © 1935 (Renewed) by Warner Bros. Inc. All rights reserved. All lyrics reprinted by permission of Warner Bros. Publications U.S. Inc., Miami, FL 33014.

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is a registered trademark of Random House, Inc., and the colophon is a trademark of Random House, Inc.

eISBN: 978-0-307-55633-2

Reprinted by arrangement with Random House

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