Hero: The Life and Legend of Lawrence of Arabia (110 page)

Index

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Note: Page numbers in
italics
refer to illustrations.

Aaronsohn, Aaron, 328–29

Aaronsohn, Sarah, 498

Aba el Naam, railway station at, 77–78

Aba’l Issan (Abu el Lissal), 95–96, 98, 101, 402, 404

Abd el Aziz, 419

Abd el Kader el Abdo (hero), 43, 307, 327–28

Abd el Kader el Abdo, emir (grandson), 329–35

Auda’s warning about, 332

at Damascus, 430, 431–32, 433

and Deraa incident, 342, 343, 400

desertion at Yarmuk, 335, 400, 430

at Ezraa, 417

journey to Azrak, 327, 329–30, 331, 334

Lawrence betrayed to Turks by, 335, 342, 343, 400, 430

volatility of, 328, 329, 333, 431–32

Abdul Hamid II, sultan, 259

Abdul Kerim, 172

Abdulla (Mesopotamian soldier), 370, 371

Abdulla, emir (son of Hussein), 140

assassination of, 14, 16, 518

as first king of Jordan, 14, 16, 80, 277n, 405, 444, 511, 515, 518, 519, 520, 523, 524, 528–29

in Jidda, 14–16

leadership qualities of, 15–16, 80, 483, 532

memoirs of, 16

and military strategy, 27, 29, 35, 62–63, 70, 71, 76, 80, 266, 298

and outbreak of Arab Revolt, 291–92

and plans for Arab Revolt, 10, 40, 259–61

Saudi defeat of, 483–84

at Wadi Ais, 60, 71, 73, 74, 76

Abdulla el Feir, sharif, 313, 374

Abdulla el Nahabi, 367

Abdullah (son of Obeid), 25

Abdulla II, king of Jordan, 529

Abu el Lissal, 95–96, 98, 101, 402, 404

Abu Tayi tribe, 360

Abyssinia, military strategy between wars, 29

Aden, British port of, 527

Aéro-Club de France, 642

Afghanistan:

Amanullah as king of, 632, 634, 639

British wars fought in, 632

Lawrence’s warning about, 254, 626

modern-day wars in, 30

newspaper rumors about, 634–35

and RAF Fort Miranshah, Waziristan, 631–34

Russian ambitions toward, 12

tribal unrest in, 632, 635, 639

African Queen, The
(film), 92

Ageyl tribesmen, 71–72, 95

Ahmed Jemal Pasha, 344

as al-SaÃah (the butcher), 34, 430

amnesty sought by, 360–61, 398–99

Feisal’s dealings with, 266, 360–61, 400

and military strategy, 70, 266

as Turkish ruler, 34–35, 285n

Aid, Harithi sharif, 312–13, 314

Air Ministry, Marine Equipment Branch, 653, 659–60

Aldington, Richard,
Lawrence of Arabia
, 118, 687–90, 694, 696

Aleppo, 307

Lawrence’s travels in, 172–73, 175

as military goal, 263

railway line to, 429

Alexandretta, as military goal, 262–64

Alexandria, Queen (widow of Edward VII), 554

Algeria, as French colonial possession, 48, 327, 442

Ali, emir (son of Hussein), 16

journey to Rabegh, 17–18, 21–28

and military strategy, 27, 29, 35, 62

Ali el Alayan, 362–63

Ali ibn Hussein, sharif of Harith:

and Abd el Kader, 329, 330, 331, 333

at Azrak, 340, 341

and tribal rivalries, 332–33

Ali Riza Pasha, 91, 333, 343, 429

Ali Riza Rejabi, 431, 433

Allenby, Sir Edmund, 210, 355, 696

and Aqaba, 108, 110, 112

and Beersheba, 111, 297–98, 323, 331, 333–34, 352, 406

and Damascus, 112, 414, 425, 427, 429, 435–37

as EEF commander, 105, 318

and Feisal, 298, 300, 436–37

and Gaza, 323, 325, 326, 331–34, 352

honors and awards to, 384

and Jerusalem, 105, 112, 297, 307, 351–53, 356, 361

and Lawrence’s death, 679

Lawrence’s first meeting with, 108,
108
, 110–11

Lawrence’s friendship with, 236, 382, 439, 654

and Lawrence’s mental anguish, 376, 377, 379

as mentor to Lawrence, 295–96, 341, 357, 378, 513

and Middle East diplomacy, 524, 689

military strategies of, 106, 111–12, 233n, 297–98, 307, 322–23, 325, 326, 357, 359, 374, 378–80, 391, 396, 401, 402, 406, 407, 411, 414

personal traits of, 111

and Salt, 391–92, 395, 413

and
Seven Pillars
, 500, 593, 623

and Thomas, 384, 481, 493

west bank [Jordan] victory of, 411–13, 414, 415

and World War I, 381–82

Allenby, Lady, 439, 481

All Souls College, Oxford University, 681

Lawrence as outsider at, 492

Lawrence’s dagger donated to, 587n

Lawrence’s fellowship at, 119, 185n, 484–85, 489–90, 491–92, 497, 503

as refuge, 490, 491

social network of, 143, 533, 557, 579

Altounyan, Dr. (Oriental rug collector), 231, 239, 475

Amanullah, king of Afghanistan, 632, 634, 639

American Indians, destruction of, 476

Amery, Leo, 576

Amman:

British raids on, 390, 403

as military goal, 406, 407

see also
Jordan

Anazeh tribe, 423

Andrews, Wing Commander, 660

Angell, Flight Lieutenant, 633

Antoniou, Gregorios, 189, 192–93

Antonius, George, 268, 276

Aqaba:

Arab attack on, 98–102

Arab victory in, 102–6,
103
, 110, 112, 238, 301, 518

defense and administrative support of, 103–4, 106–12

in history, 1

Lawrence in (prewar), 5–6, 63, 83, 238

Lawrence’s journey to, 82–92, 95–96,
97

and mapping expedition, 237–38

military base in, 298, 303, 306, 318, 380

motor vehicles in, 357–58, 359

strategic importance of, 1–2, 21, 67, 83, 89, 112

strategic thinking about, 81, 82, 85, 92, 95, 96, 100

Thomas in, 383–88

Turkish control of, 1–2, 4, 89

as turning point for Lawrence, 295

Arab army:

Bedouin tribesmen in, 14, 19–20, 31, 54, 65, 68, 299, 306, 310, 357, 360, 370, 374, 394

British use of, for its own purposes, 39–40, 81, 83–84, 402, 414

in conventional warfare, 366, 379, 401

demolition lessons for, 35n, 51–52, 77, 322, 531

diverse groups in, 19–21, 36, 68, 299, 306, 360, 370, 375, 402, 404–5

films of, 480

guerrilla warfare of, 57, 76–78, 93–94, 111, 297–98, 306, 310–11, 314–18, 322, 357, 359, 396, 696

Lawrence’s understanding of, 35, 56–57, 64, 66, 94–95, 187, 214, 296, 311, 400, 401–2, 405, 514, 518

and religion, 55–56

slapdash condition of, 35, 55, 56–57, 65–66, 401, 425–27, 432

thievery of, 36n, 426

Turkish superiority to, 20, 35, 36, 53, 57

“Twenty-Seven Articles” about, 56

victories needed by, 41, 81, 91, 314

victory at Aqaba, 102–6,
103
, 110, 112, 301, 518

victory at Tafileh, 365–73, 380

victory at Wejh, 66–67, 68

weapons and money needed by, 35–36, 37, 38, 45, 57, 67, 104, 111, 285

Arab Bulletin
, 7, 283, 362, 500, 526

Arab Bureau:

in Cairo, 7, 109, 273, 284, 477

creation of, 284, 285

Hussein supported by, 88

Lawrence’s work with, 7, 9, 48–49, 291, 376–77

roles in Arab Revolt, 11, 284

Arabia:

blood feuds in, 23, 72, 221

cruelty in, 34–35, 37

diseases in, 214, 215–16

foreign influence in, 197

hospitality in, 5, 23, 64, 73–74, 169, 170, 626

hostility toward Europeans in, 21, 403

hygiene lacking in, 36n, 64

ibn Saud’s ambitions for, 453

Lawrence’s ambitions for, 61, 405, 413–14, 429–30, 435, 437, 443, 451–52, 468, 477, 494, 512, 686, 696

map,
3

nationalism in, 19, 24, 41, 256, 258–59, 266, 267–69, 286, 507, 697

Rub al-Khali (Empty Quarter), 647

rulers of, 88, 277–78

sex in, 363–64

sharia law in, 526

slavery in, 20, 31

thievery in, 169

Arab Legion, 519, 528