Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan (411 page)

Ch
k
ron
(Central review), 663–64, 665, 666

Churchill, Winston, 404, 496–97, 500, 501

Church Times,
111

City of Corpses (Shikabane no machi
) (
ta), 637

Civil Information and Education Section (CIE), 555–56, 559, 615, 619

Civilization and Enlightenment movement, 62–63

“Civil Liberties” directive, 551

Cold War, 3, 17, 508, 616, 624, 637, 646, 684, 686

Combined Fleet, Japanese, 416, 426, 444, 446, 449, 450, 454, 459, 472, 475, 476, 481

dissolution of, 553

Commentaries on the Constitution
(Ito), 29

Commerce and Industry Ministry, Japanese, 177, 539, 588

Commission on Reparations, 594

Committee on the Problem of the

Emperor's Message, 213

communism, Communists, 143, 148, 189, 265, 267, 273, 280, 344, 349, 381, 480, 569–70, 576, 594, 600–601, 608, 612, 616

in Konoe's conspiracy theory, 488–90, 491

Communist Party, Chinese, 365, 489, 657

Communist Party, Japanese, 139, 141, 206, 628, 633, 679

Conference of Military Councillors, 422, 424

Confucianism, 30, 36, 69

Congress, U.S., 55

Immigration Act of 1924 passed by, 148–49

Connaught, Duke of, 103

Conservative Party, British, 264

Constitution, Japanese, 567–79, 585, 623, 636, 637, 657, 680

abdication issue and, 571–73

Akihito's pledge of support for, 686

Article 1 of, 660

Article 3 of, 577

Article 9 of, 569, 571, 576, 627, 639, 648, 651, 656, 660

Article 55 of, 577

attempted revisions of, 648–49, 654–55, 656, 659, 660, 670

and concept of state, 578

drafting of, 567, 568–69

emperor redefined in, 575, 577

Hirohito's opposition to, 571–72

Hirohito's sanctioning of, 571–76

Hirohito's symbolic status and, 571, 579, 575, 627

imperial family and, 571–72

and Japan as constitutional monarchy, 577–78

Kellogg-Briand Pact and, 571, 573

monarchy reformed in, 568–69, 571, 670

national identity and, 579

and preservation of
kokutai,
570, 576

problems generated by, 578–79

promulgation of, 573–74

and remilitarization of Japan, 635

renunciation of war in, 571, 573

status of emperor in, 568, 575, 577

in textbooks, 624

war responsibility and, 577

Constitution, U.S., 55

Constitution of the Empire of Great Japan,
see
Meiji constitution

“Constructing the New Japan” (Akihito), 514–15

Coral Sea, Battle of, 447, 449

Corregidor, 447

Council of Foreign Ministers, 543

court group, 172–81, 183–84, 211, 219, 241, 245, 251, 253, 296, 405, 519, 523, 536, 614

characteristics of, 197–98

chief tasks of, 80–81

and coup attempt of Oct. 1931, 244

criticism of, 225–26, 283–84

goals of, 208

as guardians of the throne, 174

Hirohito as seen by, 207

imperial will and, 80–81

information collection and processing by, 178–79

international law as viewed by, 221

Inukai cabinet and, 245–46

Kellogg-Briand Pact and, 223–24

leadership of, 172–73

Manchurian Incident and, 237

secrecy and deception of, 197–98

secretaries of, 172–73

shakeup of, 292

Tanaka's clash with, 212–14

Court of Cassation, 50, 141

“crab walk” incident, 632–33

“Criteria for National Policy,” 308–9, 312

Cultural Revolution, 671

Cunningham, Owen, 596

 

Daikairei Number 14, 446

Dan Takuma, 252

Dark Ocean Society (Genyosha), 98

Darwin, Charles, 60

“Declaration of Humanity” (
ningen sengen
), 560, 562, 565, 567

Defense Department, U.S., 542, 626, 640

deification (
daij
sai
) ceremony, 191, 192–93

democracy, 103, 105, 107, 118, 148, 203, 226, 374, 511, 518, 536, 561, 563, 579, 588, 624, 646

kokutai
debate and, 162–63, 165

see also
Taish
democracy movement Democratic Party, Japanese, 574

Denmark, 356

Depression, Great, 228, 245, 250, 265

die-for-the-emperor campaign, 495

Diet, Imperial, 8, 33, 59, 78, 98, 100, 112, 127, 157, 175, 179, 196, 197, 208, 212, 245, 247, 252–53, 288, 291–93, 305, 325, 337, 417, 480–81, 552, 566, 575, 626, 627, 652, 656, 662, 666

breakdown of cooperation in, 158–60

brothel scandal and, 160, 183

constitution debated in, 573

“crab walk” incident in, 632–33

enthronement rituals and, 186

Imperial House Law passed by, 577

Kellogg-Briand pact debated in, 221–22

kokutai
debated in, 159–61

Meiji holiday created by, 181–82

in new constitution, 569

Pak Yol incident and, 160–61

party politics in, 28–29

Peace Preservation Law enacted by, 158–59, 161

Taish
democracy movement and, 41

Tanaka cabinet and, 184–85, 216–17

Toranomon incident debated in, 141

Wakatsuki cabinet and, 183–84

Wartime Emergency Measures Law passed by, 495

Yasukuni Shrine protection bill in, 682

Directive Number 11, 362

“divine winds” (
kamikaze
), 314, 451, 496

Dodge, Joseph M., 635, 640

Doihara Kenji, 423, 609

D
mei News Service, 500