In Our Prime (42 page)

89
President George W. Bush, in:
http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/gwbush911addresstothenation.htm
(accessed June 11, 2011).

89
A month later, New York mayor:
Guy Trebay, “For a Shopping Spree, the Closet's the Place,”
New York Times,
November 20, 2001.

89
Then as now, young people:
Susman,
Culture as History,
39.

89
Helen Woodward, a consumer:
Stuart Ewen,
Captains of Consciousness: Advertising and the Social Roots of the Consumer Culture
(New York: McGraw-Hill, 1976), 147.

90
In 1928, Paul Nystrom, a marketing:
Stanley C. Hollander,
Was There a Pepsi Generation Before Pepsi Discovered It? Youth-Based Segmentation in Marketing
(Chicago: American Marketing Association, 1992), 24.

90
Roland Marchand summed up the:
Marchand,
Advertising and the American Dream,
191.

90
William Esty, an account representative:
Ibid., 13; Susman,
Culture as History
; Lears,
Fables of Abundance
.

90
The Laundry Owners Association inflamed:
Marchand,
Advertising and the American Dream,
194.

91
A 1920s ad for Gillette blue blades:
Marchand,
Advertising and the American Dream,
216, 354.

91
Alfred Adler's term even:
Susman,
Culture as History,
200.

91
In the teens and twenties, she:
Hollander,
Was There a Pepsi Generation Before Pepsi Discovered It?,
73.

91
An internal newsletter circulated in 1924:
Ad*Access, Duke University Libraries,
http://library.duke.edu/digitalcollections/adaccess/
(accessed on June 12, 2011).

91
Pollsters soon joined the cadres:
Susman,
Culture as History,
212–13.

91
Replacing God and Nature, the:
Sarah Igo,
The Averaged American: Surveys, Citizens, and the Making of a Mass Public
(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2007), 124, 287–88.

92
Nicky and his fiancée, Bunty:
Savage,
Teenage,
234.

92
By consistently using the body:
Hall,
Senescence,
viii.

92
“In Europe, a woman at forty”:
Sinclair Lewis,
Dodsworth.

92
In 1932, a letter writer to:
Edward C. Rybicki, “Letters to the Editor: Problems of Middle Age,”
New York Times,
November 21, 1932.

93
“How little even our brightest”:
Walter B. Pitkin,
Life Begins at Forty
(New York: Blue Ribbon Books, 1934), 20.

93
In 1939, the Social Science Research:
“Jobs Few in Middle Age,”
New York Times,
January 16, 1939.

93
Four months after the report appeared:
Felix Belair Jr., “Roosevelt Scores Ban on Middle Age,”
New York Times,
April 28, 1939.

94
“It is glorious to be middle-aged”:
“Sees Glory in Middle Age,”
New York Times,
December 11, 1939.

94
Fears of middle-aged superfluity:
Conard Miller Gilbert,
We Over Forty:
America's Human Scrap Pil
e (Philadelphia: Westbrook Publishing Co., 1948), 12–13; Brandes,
Forty,
44.

94
After carefully analyzing the differing narratives:
Martel, “Age-Sex Roles in Magazine Fiction,” in
Middle Age and Aging,
Neugarten, ed., 55–56.

99
“We cannot live the afternoon”:
Deirdre Bair,
Jung: A Biography
(Boston: Little, Brown, 2003).

100
“Middle age is certainly the”:
Thomas C. Desmond, “America's Unknown Middle-Agers,”
New York Times,
July 29, 1956.

100
As for psychologists, when it:
Richard M. Lerner,
Concepts and Theories of Human Development
(Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, 2002), 71.

100
Freud thought middle-aged patients:
Eda G. Goldstein,
When the Bubble Bursts: Clinical Perspectives on Midlife Issues
(Hillsdale, NJ: Analytic Press, 2005), 10.

100
In his eighth decade G. Stanley Hall:
Hall,
Senescence,
100.

101
In 1913, his bitter falling-out:
Bair,
Jung,
242, 254, 288–89.

101
The more mature man has had:
Ibid., 394; C. G. Jung,
The Essential Jung,
revised ed. (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1999), 24.

101
Bernice L. Neugarten, a groundbreaking:
Dail Ann Neugarten, ed.,
The Meanings of Age: Selected Papers of Bernice L. Neugarten
(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996), 5–9.

102
“No one earlier had seemed”:
“Growing as Long as We Live: An Interview with Bernice L. Neugarten,”
Second Opinion,
November 1, 1990.

102
He arrived in the United States:
Lawrence Jacob Friedman,
Identity's Architect: A Biography of Erik H. Erikson
(New York: Scribner, 1999), 19–20, 104, 147.

102
Shocked and bewildered, Erikson immediately:
Ibid., 163.

103
Both Friedman and Erikson's daughter:
Sue Erikson Bloland,
In the Shadow of Fame: A Memoir by the Daughter of Erik H. Erikson
(New York: Viking, 2005); Friedman,
Identity's Architect,
218–19.

103
“My life cycle theory”:
Daniel Goleman, “Erikson, in His Own Old Age, Expands His View of Life,”
New York Times,
June 14, 1988.

103
Like her husband, Joan was skeptical:
Erik H. Erikson,
The Life Cycle Completed: Extended Edition
(New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1997), 1–3.

104
As he summarized in a lecture:
Erik H. Erikson, ed.,
Adulthood
(New York: W. W. Norton, 1978), 124. It was the Jefferson Lectures, 1973.

105
In the Eriksons' typology, called:
Erik Erikson,
Childhood and Society
(New York: W. W. Norton, 1985).

105
Nearly a century earlier, John:
John Stuart Mill,
The Autobiography of John Stuart Mill
(Sioux Falls, SD: NuVisions Publications, 2007), 73.

105
“Human personality in principle”:
Erikson,
Childhood and Society.

106
It spurred psychologists to revise:
Neugarten, “The Awareness of Middle Age,” in
Middle Age and Aging,
Neugarten, ed., vii.

106
“Eriksonian became almost a”:
Friedman,
Identity's Architect,
241.

106
His daughter, Sue, remembers eating:
Bloland,
In the Shadow of Fame,
2.

107
Born in 1916 in the small town:
Neugarten,
Meanings of Age
.

108
“Many people talk about”:
“Growing as Long as We Live,”
Second Opinion.

109
Listing White House occupants:
“Demography: The Command Generation,”
Time,
July 29, 1966.

109
In 1967, Neugarten wrote up her findings from:
Neugarten and Moore, “The Changing Age-Status System,” in
Middle Age and Aging,
Neugarten, ed., 11.

109
“Most of the women interviewed”:
Neugarten, “The Awareness of Middle Age,” in
Middle Age and Aging,
Neugarten, ed., 96.

110
In a 1982 study:
Miriam Bernard, Judith Phillips, Linda Machin, and Val Harding Davies, eds.,
Women Ageing: Changing Identities, Challenging Myths
(New York: Routledge, 2000).

110
Aging is both a biological and a:
Simone de Beauvoir,
The Coming of Age,
first American edition 1972, French edition 1970 (New York: W. W. Norton, 1996), 9, 13.

111
As one woman wrote in a 1973 column:
Cynthia Bell, “Why Middle Age Isn't the End,”
New York Times,
July 29, 1973.

111
He assembled a supposedly random sample:
Elliott Jaques, “Death and the Midlife Crisis,”
International Journal of Psychoanalysis
46 (1965): 502–14.

112
G. Stanley Hall, too, had presented:
Hall,
Senescence,
21.

113
“Ordinarily we cling to our past”:
Azoulay, ed.,
100,000 Years of Beauty.
Jung and Huxley's
Brave New World
were juxtaposed in Azoulay.

113
Jung's description of this perverse:
Aldous Huxley,
Brave New World
(London: Vintage Books, 1994).

114
Poorly adjusted individuals, he maintained:
Jaques, “Death and the Midlife Crisis.”

114
Freud had a particularly:
Banner,
In Full Flower,
297.

114
Psychoanalytic interpretations assumed fertility:
Margaret Lock, “Deconstructing the Change,” in
Welcome to Middle Age!,
Shweder, ed., 50.

115
a term, he later said:
Leslie Bennetts, “Now It's Daniel Levinson's Turn,”
New York Times,
April 2, 1978.

115
Transition points are critical in determining:
Daniel Levinson,
The Seasons of a Man's Life
(New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1978), 272.

116
Sheehy adopted Erikson's central:
Gail Sheehy,
Passages: Predictable Crises of Adult Life
(New York: Ballantine Books/E. P. Dutton, 1976).

116
She labeled the years between 35 and 45:
Ibid., 242–43.

116
“Changing one's personality”:
Tom Wolfe, “The ‘Me' Decade and the Third Great Awakening,”
New York,
August 23, 1976.

116
In 1973, an article about popular psychologist:
Nadine Brozan,
New York Times,
March 29, 1973.

117
“It was a very exciting time”:
George Vaillant,
Adaptation to Life
(Boston: Little, Brown, 1977)

117
The very existence of these novel:
Neugarten, ed.,
Middle Age and Aging,
vii.

118
Vaillant declared that the Boston:
Vaillant,
Adaptation to Life,
80.

118
“Our self-assurance, our tendency”:
Ibid., 284–85.

118
“If such events occur during the dangerous”:
Ibid., 223.

119
Looking back, Vaillant's Harvard:
Ibid., 226.

119
“Lives are lived in specific historical times and places”:
Glen H. Elder Jr.,
The Life Course in Time and Place,
presented at the International Symposium on Institutions, Interrelations, Sequences: The Bremen Life-Course Approach, Bremen, Germany, September 26–28, 2001,
http://www.unc.edu/~elder/presentations/Life_course_in_time.html
(accessed June 11, 2011).

119
The Oakland children who were young teenagers:
Glen H. Elder Jr.,
The Life Course and Aging: Some Accomplishments, Unfinished Tasks, and New Direction
s, Prepared for Distinguished Scholar Lecture Section on Aging, ASA, August 10, 1999,
http://www.unc.edu/~elder/pdf/asa-99talk.pdf
(accessed June 11, 2011).

120
Elder realized some of these problems as early as:
Ibid.

121
“If historical times and places change”:
Elder,
Life Course in Time and Place,
2001.

121
In 1974, the same year that
Children of the Great Depression:
B. L. Neugarten, “Age Groups in American Society and the Rise of the Young-Old,”
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
415, no. 1 (January 1974): 187–98.

121
“
The psychological themes and preoccupations”:
Neugarten,
Meanings of Age,
369–70; Orville Gilbert Brim Jr.,
Ambition: How We Manage Success and Failure Throughout Our Lives
(New York: Basic Books, 1992), 91.

123
“Stage theories are a little like horoscopes”:
Anne Rosenfeld, Elizabeth Stark, and Richard Cohen, “The Prime of Our Lives,”
Psychology Today
21 (May 1987): 62 (9).