King Charles II (107 page)

Read King Charles II Online

Authors: Antonia Fraser

Charles II: birth,
(i)
,
(ii)
; mixed religious heritage,
(iii)
; ancestry,
(iv)
; baptism,
(v)
; loving childhood,
(vi)
; made Knight of Garter and Prince of Wales,
(vii)
; first public appearance,
(viii)
; his household,
(ix)
; traumatic incidents of youth,
(x)
; companionship of father,
(xi)
,
(xii)
; and effort to save Strafford,
(xiii)
; Parliament’s concern over his education,
(xiv)
; origins of devotion to father,
(xv)
; and Civil War issues,
(xvi)
; near capture at Edgehill,
(xvii)
,
(xviii)
; at other engagements,
(xix)
; given own Council,
(xx)
; nominal General of Western Association,
(xxi)
,
(xxii)
,
(xxiii)
; seduction by former nurse,
(xxiv)
; Council feuds,
(xxv)
; retreat to Cornwall,
(xxvi)
; question of refuge,
(xxvii)
; in Scillies and Jersey,
(xxviii)
; first recorded love affair,
(xxix)
; leaves for France,
(xxx)
; cool reception,
(xxxi)
; dependence on mother,
(xxxii)
; idleness and ‘gallantry’,
(xxxiii)
; refusal to accept royal role in place of father,
(xxxiv)
; attempt to join Scots,
(xxxv)
,
(xxxvi)
,
(xxxvii)
; new relationship with brother,
(xxxviii)
; in Holland,
(xxxix)
; descent on Thames,
(xl)
; promise to use Presbyterian form of service,
(xli)
,
(xlii)
; and naval unrest,
(xliii)
,
(xliv)
; return to Holland,
(xlv)
; growing authority in family,
(xlvi)
; attempt to rally forces,
(xlvii)
; move to Breda,
(xlviii)
; financial stringency,
(xlix)
,
(l)
; renewed Scots overtures,
(li)
; attempt to save father,
(lii)
; told of his execution,
(liii)
; proclaimed King in Jersey and Scotland,
(liv)
; cool reaction of European courts,
(lv)
; return to Jersey,
(lvi)
; negotiates with Scots,
(lvii)
; takes Oath of Covenant,
(lviii)
,
(lix)
,
(lx)
; in Scotland,
(lxi)
; attempt to escape Covenanter ‘captors’,
(lxii)
; coronation at Scone,
(lxiii)
; growing reputation,
(lxiv)
,
(lxv)
; decision to march on England,
(lxvi)
; crosses border,
(lxvii)
; defeat at Worcester,
(lxviii)
; escape and wanderings,
(lxix)
,
(lxx)
; and Catholic underground,
(lxxi)
,
(lxxii)
; dismisses entourage except Wilmot,
(lxxiii)
; hides in Boscobel Oak,
(lxxiv)
; embarks at Shoreham,
(lxxv)
; return to France,
(lxxvi)
; financial dependence on mother,
(lxxvii)
,
(lxxviii)
; declining stature,
(lxxix)
,
(lxxx)
,
(lxxxi)
,
(lxxxii)
; pension from France,
(lxxxiii)
,
(lxxxiv)
; departure from France,
(lxxxv)
; in Spa, Aachen and Cologne,
(lxxxvi)
; awaits recall to England,
(lxxxvii)
,
(lxxxviii)
,
(lxxxix)
; and conspirator groups,
(xc)
,
(xci)
; poverty,
(xcii)
,
(xciii)
; seeks Spanish assistance,
(xciv)
,
(xcv)
; promises on English Catholicism,
(xcvi)
; family division over religion,
(xcvii)
,
(xcviii)
; rumoured conversion in exile,
(xcix)
; removal to Bruges,
(c)
; alleged debauchery of Court,
(ci)
; efforts as romantic lover,
(cii)
,
(ciii)
; raises troops,
(civ)
; depths of depression,
(cv)
; move to Antwerp,
(cvi)
; learns of Cromwell’s death,
(cvii)
; abortive schemes to return,
(cviii)
; visit to Spain seeking Spanish and French support,
(cix)
,
(cx)
; rediscovers sister Henriette-Anne,
(cxi)
;
‘lowest ebb’ of hopes,
(cxii)
; negotiates with Monck and English Presbyterians,
(cxiii)
; letter to Parliament,
(cxiv)
,
(cxv)
; his Declaration of Breda,
(cxvi)
; accepts invitation to return as King,
(cxvii)
,
(cxviii)
; preparations and rejoicing at The Hague,
(cxix)
; departure,
(cxx)

Arrival and triumphant journey to London,
(i)
; Parliament’s addresses to,
(ii)
; cautious attitude,
(iii)
; and Restoration settlement,
(iv)
; and religious toleration,
(v)
; and rebuilding of royal paraphernalia,
(vi)
; and tastes of new age,
(vii)
; financial straits,
(viii)
; revival of Garter ceremony,
(ix)
,
(x)
; coronation,
(xi)
; question of marriage and succession,
(xii)
; marriage to Catharine,
(xiii)
; ‘Bedchamber Crisis’,
(xiv)
; amicable marriage relationship,
(xv)
,
(xvi)
,
(xvii)
; failure to produce heir,
(xviii)
,
(xix)
; opens new Parliament,
(xx)
; his Declaration of Indulgence rejected,
(xxi)
; wins favour by concern for sea and Navy,
(xxii)
,
(xxiii)
,
(xxiv)
; shares people’s dislike of Dutch,
(xxv)
,
(xxvi)
,
(xxvii)
,
(xxviii)
; declares war,
(xxix)
,
(xxx)
; his image damaged by Dutch War,
(xxxi)
,
(xxxii)
,
(xxxiii)
,
(xxxiv)
; inclined to peace,
(xxxv)
,
(xxxvi)
; courage and energy during Great Fire,
(xxxvii)
; and replanning of London,
(xxxviii)
; humiliating peace with Dutch,
(xxxix)
; dismisses Clarendon,
(xl)
; favours new advisers and better parliamentary management,
(xli)
; determination to rule,
(xlii)
,
(xliii)
,
(xliv)
; political contrast and conflict with James,
(xlv)
; secretive behaviour over religion,
(xlvi)
,
(xlvii)
; achieves Triple Alliance,
(xlviii)
,
(xlix)
; financial problems,
(l)
,
(li)
,
(lii)
,
(liii)
; agrees to Union of 1670,
(liv)
; seeks French alliance,
(lv)
; aim at greatness abroad and security at home,
(lvi)
,
(lvii)
,
(lviii)
; contempt for Commons,
(lix)
; secret treaty with France,
(lx)
,
(lxi)
,
(lxii)
; accepts French subsidies,
(lxiii)
,
(lxiv)
,
(lxv)
,
(lxvi)
,
(lxvii)
,
(lxviii)
,
(lxix)
,
(lxx)
,
(lxxi)
; Court’s reputation for debauchery,
(lxxii)
,
(lxxiii)
; growing disgust with Parliament,
(lxxiv)
,
(lxxv)
,
(lxxvi)
; stops Exchequer payments,
(lxxvii)
,
(lxxviii)
; his Declaration of Indulgence,
(lxxix)
; renews Dutch War,
(lxxx)
,
(lxxxi)
,
(lxxxii)
; Declaration of Indulgence cancelled,
(lxxxiii)
,
(lxxxiv)
; forced to assent to Test Act,
(lxxxv)
; increasing tension,
(lxxxvi)
,
(lxxxvii)
,
(lxxxviii)
,
(lxxxix)
; forced to conclude Dutch War,
(xc)
; new secret treaties with Louis XIV,
(xci)
,
(xcii)
; refusal to declare war on France,
(xciii)
,
(xciv)
,
(xcv)
,
(xcvi)
; growing difficulties with Parliament,
(xcvii)
,
(xcviii)
,
(xcix)
,
(c)
,
(ci)
,
(cii)
,
(ciii)
; danger of assassination,
(civ)
; and agitation over Popish Plot,
(cv)
,
(cvi)
,
(cvii)
; defends Catharine against accusations,
(cviii)
,
(cix)
,
(cx)
; dissolves Parliament,
(cxi)
; opposes Exclusion,
(cxii)
,
(cxiii)
,
(cxiv)
,
(cxv)
,
(cxvi)
,
(cxvii)
; institutes new type of Council,
(cxviii)
,
(cxix)
; reconsiders means of ruling without Parliament,
(cxx)
; dissolves it,
(cxxi)
; political effect of sudden illness,
(cxxii)
; refuses to meet new Parliament,
(cxxiii)
; denies rumour of marriage to Lucy Walter,
(cxxiv)
; calls in municipal charters,
(cxxv)
,
(cxxvi)
,
(cxxvii)
; increasing boldness and severity,
(cxxviii)
,
(cxxix)
; abandons appeasement policy,
(cxxx)
,
(cxxxi)
; removes Parliament to Oxford,
(cxxxii)
; placatory opening speech,
(cxxxiii)
; snaring of Whigs,
(cxxxiv)
; abrupt dissolution of Parliament,
(cxxxv)
; happy family life in last years,
(cxxxvi)
; rule without Parliament,
(cxxxvii)
,
(cxxxviii)
; financial retrenchment,
(cxxxix)
; consolidates political base,
(cxl)
; as ‘father of his people’,
(cxli)
,
(cxlii)
; and assassination plot,
(cxliii)
; life-style,
(cxliv)
; tranquil last year,
(cxlv)
,
(cxlvi)
; final illness,
(cxlvii)
; deathbed conversion to Catholic faith,
(cxlviii)
; farewells to family,
(cxlix)
,
(cl)
; death,
(cli)
; lying-in-state and burial,
(clii)

Appearance
:
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)
,
(iv)
,
(v)
,
(vi)
,
(vii)
; eyes,
(viii)
; hair,
(ix)
,
(x)
,
(xi)
; lined face,
(xii)
,
(xiii)
; moustache,
(xiv)
; mouth, sensual,
(xv)
; nose,
(xvi)
; swarthy complexion,
(xvii)
,
(xviii)
,
(xix)
; exceptional height,
(xx)
,
(xxi)
,
(xxii)
,
(xxiii)
; ‘ugliness’,
(xxiv)

Artistic interests
:
(i)
; architecture,
(ii)
; building,
(iii)
,
(iv)
,
(v)
,
(vi)
; collections,
(vii)
,
(viii)
; fortifications,
(ix)
,
(x)
,
(xi)
; garden and park planning,
(xii)
,
(xiii)
,
(xiv)
,
(xv)
; music,
(xvi)
; paintings,
(xvii)
,
(xviii)
,
(xix)
; redecoration,
(xx)
,
(xxi)
; singing,
(xxii)
; theatre,
(xxiii)
,
(xxiv)
,
(xxv)
; town-planning,
(xxvi)

Charles II –
contd

Character
:
(i)
,
(ii)
; affability,
(iii)
,
(iv)
,
(v)
,
(vi)
,
(vii)
; affectionate nature,
(viii)
,
(ix)
,
(x)
,
(xi)
; benevolence and concern for distressed,
(xii)
,
(xiii)
,
(xiv)
; ceremonial and display,
(xv)
,
(xvi)
,
(xvii)
,
(xviii)
,
(xix)
,
(xx)
,
(xxi)
; children, acknowledgement of and affection for his,
(xxii)
,
(xxiii)
,
(xxiv)
,
(xxv)
,
(xxvi)
,
(xxvii)
,
(xxviii)
,
(xxix)
,
(xxx)
; civility,
(xxxi)
; claustrophobia,
(xxxii)
; courage,
(xxxiii)
,
(xxxiv)
,
(xxxv)
,
(xxxvi)
,
(xxxvii)
,
(xxxviii)
,
(xxxix)
,
(xl)
,
(xli)
,
(xlii)
,
(xliii)
,
(xliv)
,
(xlv)
; deceptiveness,
(xlvi)
,
(xlvii)
,
(xlviii)
,
(xlix)
,
(l)
; delaying tactics,
(li)
,
(lii)
,
(liii)
; determination,
(liv)
,
(lv)
,
(lvi)
; diplomacy,
(lvii)
,
(lviii)
,
(lix)
,
(lx)
,
(lxi)
; dogs (spaniels), love of,
(lxii)
,
(lxiii)
; ‘easiness’,
(lxiv)
,
(lxv)
; extravagance, alleged,
(lxvi)
,
(lxvii)
,
(lxviii)
; filial devotion,
(lxix)
,
(lxx)
,
(lxxi)
,
(lxxii)
,
(lxxiii)
,
(lxxiv)
,
(lxxv)
; ‘gallantry’,
(lxxvi)
,
(lxxvii)
; good nature,
(lxxviii)
,
(lxxix)
,
(lxxx)
; gratitude,
(lxxxi)
,
(lxxxii)
; gravity,
(lxxxiii)
; hedonism
(lxxxiv)
; horses, love of,
(lxxxv)
; inscrutability,
(lxxxvi)
; intellectual curiosity,
(lxxxvii)
,
(lxxxviii)
; intrigue,
(lxxxix)
; jealousy,
(xc)
,
(xci)
; ‘knowledge, great compass of’,
(xcii)
; laziness, apparent,
(xciii)
,
(xciv)
,
(xcv)
; London, love of,
(xcvi)
; melancholia,
(xcvii)
,
(xcviii)
,
(xcix)
,
(c)
,
(ci)
,
(cii)
; mercifulness,
(ciii)
,
(civ)
,
(cv)
,
(cvi)
; occasion, sense of,
(cvii)
; patriotism, alleged lack of,
(cviii)
; pessimism in later life,
(cix)
,
(cx)
; physical energy,
(cxi)
,
(cxii)
,
(cxiii)
,
(cxiv)
; pragmatism,
(cxv)
,
(cxvi)
,
(cxvii)
,
(cxviii)
,
(cxix)
,
(cxx)
,
(cxxi)
; recklessness,
(cxxii)
,
(cxxiii)
; royal formality, aversion to,
(cxxiv)
; reserve,
(cxxv)
; resilience,
(cxxvi)
,
(cxxvii)
,
(cxxviii)
,
(cxxix)
; revolution, fear of,
(cxxx)
,
(cxxxi)
,
(cxxxii)
,
(cxxxiii)
,
(cxxxiv)
,
(cxxxv)
; sea, love of,
(cxxxvi)
,
(cxxxvii)
,
(cxxxviii)
,
(cxxxix)
; sensitivity, degenerating,
(cxl)
; severity,
(cxli)
; sexual nature and exploits,
(cxlii)
,
(cxliii)
,
(cxliv)
,
(cxlv)
,
(cxlvi)
,
(cxlvii)
,
(cxlviii)
,
(cxlix)
,
(cl)
,
(cli)
,
(clii)
,
(cliii)
,
(cliv)
,
(clv)
; shoes, attention to,
(clvi)
n,
(clvii)
,
(clviii)
; sober speech,
(clix)
; stammer,
(clx)
,
(clxi)
; tact,
(clxii)
,
(clxiii)
; temperance,
(clxiv)
; vacillation,
(clxv)
,
(clxvi)
,
(clxvii)
; walk,
(clxviii)
,
(clxix)
,
(clxx)
,
(clxxi)
,
(clxxii)
; wit,
(clxxiii)
,
(clxxiv)
,
(clxxv)
,
(clxxvi)
,
(clxxvii)
,
(clxxviii)

Other books

Tangled in Chains by SavaStorm Savage
'Til Grits Do Us Part by Jennifer Rogers Spinola
The Box of Delights by Masefield, John
Sirens by Janet Fox
Undead and Done by MaryJanice Davidson
Smoke and Fire: Part 4 by Donna Grant
The Green Man by Kate Sedley
Pursuit of the Apocalypse by Benjamin Wallace