Kokoda (76 page)

Authors: Peter Fitzsimons

Tags: #Non-Fiction, #History, #War

218
Russell Mehan,
An Unrewarded Hero: The Alan Haddy Story
, Self-published, 1996, p. 45.

219
Neil McDonald,
War Cameraman
, p. 155.

220
ibid.

221
Bill Edgar,
Warrior of Kokoda
, p. 158.

222
Ralph Honner, ‘This is the 39th’,
The Bulletin,
3 August 1955.

223
It was the ABC journalist Chris Masters who in his
Four Corners’
program, ‘The Men Who Saved Australia’, broadcast on 27 April 1998, first documented the fact that Honner sought to deflect blame from the 53rd Battalion in his address to the troops at Menari.

224
An account of this can be found in
The Jap was Thrashed: Milne Bay, Owen Stanleys, Buna, Gona and Sananda 1942–43
, The Australian Army at War series, published by The Director General of Public Relations Under the Authority of General Sir Thomas Blamey, p. 25.

225
Jack Gallaway,
The Odd Couple
, p. 118.

226
Geoffrey Perrett,
Old Soldiers Never Die
, p. 306.

227
An account of this is contained in an article by Chris Masters,
Sydney Morning Herald
, 14 August 1995.

228
‘Kokoda Front’, Chester Wilmot, ABC Field Unit, Disc No. CW 309, Side A.

B
ATTLE OF
B
RIGADE
H
ILL

229
Kengora Tanaka,
Operations of the Imperial Japanese Armed Forces in Papua New Guinea Theatre During World War II
, Japan Papua New Guinea Goodwill Society, 1980, p. 21.

230
This was drawn from
The Kokoda Interviews
, a collection of interviews conducted for the Australian Army.

231
H. D. Steward,
Recollections of a Regimental Medical Officer
, Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, 1983, p. 127.

232
Peter Brune,
A Bastard of a Place
, p. 206.

233
The story of Corporal Nishimura and his platoon is drawn from Patrick Lindsay and George Friend’s film
The Bloody Track,
1992.

234
This is material drawn from an extensive interview conducted with Lawrie ‘Smoky’ Howson, on 5 November 1988, by Harry Martin and Milissa Byrne, for the Australian War Memorial.

235
Drawn from Patrick Lindsay and George Friend’s film
The Bloody Track,
1992.

236
The experience of Jack Manol comes from an interview conducted by ABC journalist Chris Masters for the
Four Corners’
program ‘The Men Who Saved Australia’, 27 April 1998.

237
This is material drawn from an extensive interview conducted with Lawrie ‘Smoky’ Howson, on 5 November 1988, by Harry Martin and Milissa Byrne, for the Australian War Memorial.

238
As recounted by Ralph Honner in the Patrick Lindsay and George Friend film
The Bloody Track
, 1992.

239
George H. Johnston,
New Guinea Diary
, p. 156.

240
David Horner,
Blamey
, p. 324.

241
Geoffrey Perrett,
Old Soldiers Never Die
, p. 307.

242
ibid, p. 307.

243
David Horner,
Blamey
, p. 328.

244
ibid, p. 327.

245
This information drawn from Steven Bullard, ‘The Japanese Medical System in the Campaigns in Papua (Kokoda and Buna) in 1942 and Early 1943’
,
Paper delivered at the 5th Symposium, The Pacific War in Papua New Guinea, Perceptions and Realities, Australian National University, 7–8 August 2003, p. 4.

246
Chris Masters,
Four Corners,
‘The Men Who Saved Australia’, 27 April 1998.

247
Reg Glennie,
The
Age
, 23 September 1942.

248
David Horner,
Blamey
, p. 329.

249
Chester Wilmot, ‘Japs are Strange Mixture of Primitive and Modern’,
ABC Weekly
, 23 September 1942, p. 5.

250
This account drawn from the writings of Seizo Okada, the Japanese war correspondent for
Asahi Shimbun
. It was reported in Dudley McCarthy,
Australia in the War of 1939–45
, p. 304.

251
Victor Austin,
To Kokoda and Beyond
p. 180.

T
HE
T
IDE
T
URNS

252
Damien Parer, ‘A Cameraman Looks at the Digger’ article, Neil McDonald and Peter Brune, 200 Shots: Damien Parer, George Silk and the Australians at War in New Guinea,
Allen & Unwin, Sydney, 1998.

253
The Jap was Thrashed: Milne Bay, Owen Stanleys, Buna, Gona and Sananda 1942-43
, The Australian Army at War series, Published by The Director General of Public Relations Under the Authority of General Sir Thomas Blamey, p. 28.

254
David Horner,
Crisis of Command
, p. 184.

255
Jack Gallaway,
The Odd Couple
, p. 126. A full account of this exercise can be found in Samuel Milner,
Victory in Papua: United States Army in World War II, The War in the Pacific
, Center of Military History United States Army, Washington D.C., 1989, pp. 101-124. It is also coverd in Kengoro Tanaka,
Operations of the Imperial Japanese Armed Forces in the Papua New Guinea Theater During World War II,
Japan Papua New Guinea Goodwill Society 1980, pp.30ff.

256
George Johnston,
New Guinea Diary
, p.164.

257
Jack Gallaway,
Odd Couple,
p. 135.

258
As recorded on p. 83 of
Nulli Secundus Log
, the magazine of the 2/2nd Infantry Battalion of the AIF. It has no date upon it, but was most likely published in 1945.

259
Dudley McCarthy.
Australia in the War of 1939-45
, p. 305.

260
As recorded by Tetsura Danjo on the Patrick Lindsay and George Friend film
The Bloody Track
, 1992.

261
A full account of this episode can be found in James Benson,
Prisoners Base and Home Again
, pp.70ff.

262
ibid, p. 71.

263
As recorded on p. 83 of
Nulli Secundus Log
, the magazine of the 2/2nd Infantry Battalion of the AIF. It has no date upon it, but was most likely published in 1945.

264
Drawn from the Patrick Lindsay and George Friend film
The Bloody Track
, 1992.

265
As recorded on p. 85 of
Nulli Secundus Log
, the magazine of the 2/2nd Infantry Battalion of the AIF. It has no date upon it, but was most likely published in 1945.

266
This story is detailed in Dianne McInnes,
A Tribute to the Brave
.

267
Jack Gallaway,
Odd Couple
, p. 136.

268
Peter Brune,
A Bastard of A Place
, p.414.

269
Victor Austin,
To Kokoda and Beyond
, p.185.

270
Peter Brune,
A Bastard of A Place
, p.414.

271
This letter is recorded in Bill Edgar,
Warrior of Kokoda
, p. 199.

272
Dudley McCarthy
, Australia in the War of 1939-45
, p.307

273
Professor David Horner,
General Vasey’s War
, Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, 1992, p.196.

274
Raymond Paull,
Retreat From Kokoda
, p. 87.

275
Drawn from Dianne McInnes,
A Tribute to the Brave
, p. 91.

276
The account of this exchange was contained in a Letter to the Editor, written by Geoffrey Reading of Castle Hill—who was a newly arrived war correspondent in Port Moresby at the time—and published in the
Sydney Morning Herald
on 16 August 1995.

277
Originally from p. 209 of Takida Kenji,
Taiyo wa moeru
, [The Pacific is Burning], Tokyo, 1955. From Steven Bullard, ‘The Japanese Medical System in the Campaigns in Papua (Kokoda and Buna) in 1942 and Early 1943’, paper delivered at the 5th Symposium, The Pacific War in Papua New Guinea, Perceptions and Realities, Australian National University, 7–8 August 2003.

278
Horner,
General Vasey’s War
, p.209.

T
O THE
B
ITTER
E
ND

279
A full account of this episode can be found in Horner,
Blamey,
p. 353.

280
Both this story and the one following were drawn from
The Kokoda Interviews,
a collection of interviews conducted for the Australian Army.

281
Jack Gallaway,
Odd Couple
, p. 134.

282
Horner,
Blamey
, p.352
.

283
A full account of General Horii’s drowning can be found on p.32 of Kengora Tanaka,
Operations of the Imperial Japanese Armed Forces in the Papua New Guinea Theatre during World War II
, Japan Papua New Guinea Goodwill Society, 1980.