Read Madame de Pompadour Online
Authors: Nancy Mitford
Espirit de Contradiction, L
’ (Dufresny, 1700), 81
Estrades, Elizabeth Charlotte de Semonville, Comtesse, 37, 43, 48, 49, 55, 65, 75, 80, 104, 107, 145, 146, 147, 149, 150, 185, 187, 205
Estrées, Louis Charles César Le Tellier, Marquis de Courtenvaux, Duc d’ (1695–1771), Maréchal de France 1757, 47, 198–200
Estrées family, 25
Etats Généraux, 156
Etioles, Alexandrine d’ (1744–54), daughter of Mme de P. by her husband, 20–1, 43, 99, 112, 151–4, 165, 167, 230, 233
Etioles, Charles Guillaume Le Normant d’, husband of Jeanne Antoinette Poisson, 20, 31, 43, 44, 57
Etioles, Madame d’:
see
Pompadour, Marquise et Duchesse d’
Etioles, Château d’, Forest of Sénart [District of Paris], 20, 39, 43, 44
Evreux, Hôtel d’:
see
Elysée, Palais de l’
Fagon, Guy Crescent (1638–1718), doctor of Louis XIV, 1, 6
Falconet, Etienne (1716–91), sculptor and porcelain maker, 63, 127, 133
Favart, Charles Simon (1710–92), 229
Ferté d’Imbault, Marquise de la (née Geoffrin, d. 1791), 22–3, 57, 228
Fitzjames, Charles, Duc de (1712–87), grandson of the Duke of York (James VII and II) and Arabella Churchill, 75, 220
Fleury, André Hercule de (1653–1743), Bishop of Fréjus 1698, Cardinal 1726, 8, 10, 38, 39, 175
Fontainebleu, Château de [District of Paris], 54–5, 56, 57, 59, 60, 64, 69, 83, 84, 92, 99, 113, 114, 126, 142, 147–8, 149, 150, 201
Fontanieu, M. De, 186
Fontenelle, Bernard Le Bovier de (1657–1757), 22, 52
Fontenoy, Battle of, 1745, 38–48, 49, 52, 77–8, 106, 133
Fouquet, Nicolas:
see
Belle-Isle, Nicolas Fouquet, Marquis de
Francis I (1708–65), husband of Maria Theresa, elected Holy Roman Emperor 1745, 38
François I (1494–1547), King of France from 1515, 204
Frederick II (1712–86), the Great, King of Prussia from 1740, 51, 52, 121, 171, 174–9, 188, 198, 200, 201, 202, 204, 205–7, 208
French Revolution, the, 5, 21, 69, 76, 95, 118, 126, 141, 159, 161, 187, 199–200, 211, 227, 228
Fronde, the, 3, 160
Fronsac, Louis du Plessis, Duc de, 153, 178, 205
Gabriel, Jacques IV Ange (1698–1782), architect, 24, 53, 124, 126, 144, 226, 227
Galerie des Glaces, Versailles, 7, 30
gambling, 49, 60, 61, 64
Garde des Sceaux
, 156, 185
Garter, Order of the (est. 1348), 73
Gazette de France
, founded 1631, 164
Genoa, 199, 200
Geoffrin, Marie-Therèse Rodet, Madame (1699–1777), 22–3, 164
George II (1683–1760), King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1727, 202, 208
George III (1738–1820), King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1760, 130, 222
Germany, 170, 176, 197
Gesvres, Hôtel de, Paris, 20, 33, 34
Gesvres, Louis Léon, Duc de (1692–1757), 48, 129, 183
Ghent, 45
Gisors, Hélène Mancini, Comtesse de, 208
Gisors, Louis Marie Fouquet, Comte de (1732–58), 77, 208
Gobelins factory, 157
Gontaut, Louis Antoine de:
see
Biron, Louis Antoine de Gontaut, Duc de
Gramont, Antoine Antonin, Duc de, 214–15; Béatrixe de Choiseul Stainville, Duchesse de (1730–94), 214–15
Gramont family, 25
Grenelle, Plaine de, Paris, 128, 144
Gresses, Jean-Baptiste Louis (1709–77), writer, 81–2
Griffit, Père Henri (1698–1771), 143
Guay, Jacques (c. 1715–87), jeweller, 133, 232
Gustavus III (1746–92), King of Sweden from 1771, 130
Hanover, Electorate of, 172, 176
Hanovre, Pavillon de, 205
Hastenbeck, Hanover, Battle of, 1757, 199, 210
Hausset, Madame du (1720–80), Mme de P.’s maid, 68, 70, 71, 87, 115, 116–17, 118–19, 136, 139, 140, 167
Havana, Cuba, 223
Havre, Le [Seine-Maritime], 106–7, 109
Hawke, Edward Hawke, 1
st
Baron (1705–81), 130
Hay, Lord Charles (d. 1760), 45
Helvétius, Claude Adrien (1715–71), 22
Hénault, Président Jean-François (1685–1770), 22, 28, 29, 44; his
History of France
, 1744, 164, 232
Henri III (1551–89), King of France from 1574, 164
Henri IV (1553–1610), King of Navarre from 1572, of France from 1589, 8, 93, 164, 192, 193
Henriette-Anne of France (1727–52), younger twin (with the Duchess of Parma), second and favourite daughter of Louis XV, 10, 94–5, 120
Hermitage, the, 69, 124, 125, 126, 130, 142, 178, 226
Hertford, Francis Seymour Conway 1
st
Marquess of (1718–94), on Mme de P., 232–3
Hesse, 198, 208
Holland, 171, 218
Holy Year, 98, 143, 145
Hôtel de Ville, Paris, 29, 32, 33–4, 48, 107, 183, 193
Huet, Christophe (d. 1759), artist, 129
Hungary, Queen of:
see
Marie Theresa
hunting, 4, 5, 8, 12, 24, 54, 64, 69, 71, 73, 74, 77, 78, 79, 80, 86, 91, 115, 126, 143, 187, 189, 223, 225
Ile de France, 4, 25
Indes, Compagnie des, 17, 104
Index, the, 97
India, 98, 132, 171, 195, 224
Invalides, the, Paris (est. 1670), 128, 144
Isabelle (Maria Isabella of Parma) (1741–63), first wife of the Emperor Joseph II, 211
Italy, 97
Jansenism and Jansenists, 157–63
Jekyll, Joseph (d. 1837), 129–30
Jéliotte, Pierre (1713–97), Mme de P.’s singing master, 18, 79
John V (1689–1750), King of Portugal from 1707, 9
Joseph II (1741), Archduke of Austria, elected Holy Roman Emperor, 1765, 221
Jouy, Antoine Louis Rouillé, Comte de (1689–1761), 177, 188, 189; Mme de Jouy, 188
Knox, Ronald Arbuthnot (1888–1957), 159
Lachau-Montauban, Comtesse de, 49
La Chaussée, Pierre Claude Nivelle de (1692–1752), 52, 81
Lafitte, Château (wine), 56
La Martinière, Germain Richault de (1690–1783), Louis XV’s surgeon, 182
Lameth, M. De, 132
La Mothe, Maréchal de, 52, 83
La Popelinière, Alexandre Joseph Le Riche de (1692–1762), 77–8
La Popelinière, Thérèse des Hayes, Madame de (1713–52), 77–8
La Rochefoucauld de Roye, Frédéric Jérome (1701–57), Archbishop of Bourges from 1729, Cardinal, 40, 106, 182
Lasmarte, Jean-Marie de, Louis XV’s huntsman, 78–9, 115
Lassurance, Jean II (c. 1690–1755), architect, 63, 65, 126, 127
La Tour, Maurice Quentin de (1704–88), artist in pastel, 131, 176
La Tour d’Auvergne family, 41, 64, 65
Lauraguais, Duchesse de (1714–69), 13, 25, 51, 164, 199, 232
Lauzun, Armand de Gontaut–Biron, Duc de (1747–93), 213
La Vallière, Louis César de la Baume Le Blanc, Duc de (1708–80), 65, 80, 85, 86, 120, 129, 144, 165
La Vallière, family, 25
Lebel, Dominque Guillaume (1696–1768), Concierge of Versailles, 11, 136–7, 138
Leblanc, Abbé, 97
Leczinska, Marie:
see
Marie Leczinska
Leczinski, Stanislas:
see
Stanislas I
Lempereur, jeweler, 217
Lépicié, Michel Nicolas Bernard (1735–84), painter, 131
Le Vau, Louis (1612–70), architect, 141
library of Mme de P., 130
Lignières, Père de, Louis XV’s confessor, 11
Ligonier, John (Jean Louis) Ligonier, Earl (1680–1770), Field Marshal 1766, 170
Lisbon, great earthquake at, 1755, 197
Livry, M. de, 75
Lixin, Prince de, 122
Lorraine: Duc de:
see
Stanislas I, King of Poland; House of, 122, 153; province of, 122
Louis XIII (1601–43), King of France from 1610, 8, 27, 38
Louis XIV (1638–1715), King of France from 1643, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 21, 31, 47, 64, 85, 94, 101, 102, 121, 144, 158, 163–4, 166, 192, 205, 207, 216, 226
Louis XV (1710–74), King of France from 1715, accession, 1; love of hunting, 4; care for agriculture, 4; routine at Versailles, 5–6; and his child fiancée, the Infanta Maria Ana Victoria, 8–9; marriage to Maria Leczinska, 10–11; and Mme de Mailly, 11–12; and Mme de Vintimille, 12; and Mme de Châtearoux, 12–14; illness at Metz, 12–14, 20; receives the name Well Beloved, 14; love for Château de Choisy, 24; attractiveness, 25; meets Mme d’Etioles
at
the Ball of the Clipped Yew Trees, 32; at Battle of Fontenoy, 45, 46; adopts use of nicknames, 58; love of piquet, 60; house building hobby, 65; liking for gambling, 75; love for his legitimate children, 91; sits up with Dauphin, ill with smallpox, 91–2; refuses to visit Paris again, 107; love of animals, 119; dislike of Frederick the Great, 121; morbid moods, 121; and the Parisian widow, 136–7; and the Parc aux Cerfs, 138, 168–9; and Mme de Choiseul, 145–54; and Mme de Coislin, 167; Damiens’s attempts on his life, 180–94; change in way of life, 197–8; cuts down his expenses, 216; and Mme de P.’s last illness, 231; watches her body leave Versailles, 233; many other references passim
Louis XV, Place, Paris (now Place de la Concorde), 15, 227
Louis XVI (1754–93), King of France (1774–92), 6, 7, 98, 105, 139, 161, 187, 205
Louis XVIII (1755–1824), King of France from 1815, 6, 91, 211
Louis (1729–65) son of Louis XV, Dauphin of France, 6, 13, 26, 28; marriage to the Infanta Marie-Thérèsa-Raphaele, 29–37; at Fontenoy, 39, 46, 47; reception at Court of Mme de P., 51, 59; death of Marie-Thérèsa-Raphaele, 63–4, 88, 89, 90; tastes and character, 87, 91, 112; hostility to the
Encyclopédistes
, 119–20; Queen’s love for, 141, 143; and Damiens’s attack on the King, 181, 182, 183, 184; 1861, 88; Mme de P.’s death, 231; other references passim
Louis, le demi-:
see
Luc, Comte du
Louise of France (1737–87), 6
th
daughter of Louis XV, 58, 95, 211
Louisburg [Nova Scotia, Canada], 104, 206
Louis Philippe (1773–1850), King of the French, 127, 142
Louvre, Palace of the, Paris, 15, 28, 41, 176
Low Countries, 180
see also
Austrian Netherlands
Lowendal (Lœvendal), Ulrick Frederick Valdemar, Count (1700–55), Maréchal de France 1747, 77–8, 170, 198
Luc, Comte du, ‘le demi-Louis’, (1740–1811), son of Louis XV and Mme de Vintimille, 12, 226
Lunéville [Meurthe-et-Moselle], 52, 54, 80, 89, 112, 113
Lutzelberg, Battle of, 1758, 209–10
Lutzenbourg, Mme de, 125, 203
Luxembourg, Museé du, 99
Luynes, Charles Philippe d’Albert, Duc de (1695–1758), 19, 27–8, 36, 55, 59–60, 83–4, 86, 104, 162, 167, 265–6, 193, 199
Luynes, Marie Brulart, Marquise de Charost, later Duchesse de (1684–1763), 27–8, 31, 49, 59–60, 83–4, 114, 143
Luynes, Paul d’Albert de (1703–88), Archbishop of Sens 1753, Cardinal 1756, 28
Macaulay, Thomas Babington Macaulay, Baron (1800–59), 139
Machault d’Arnouville, Jean Baptiste de (1701–94), 156, 158, 162, 183, 184–5, 187, 188
Madame, La Petite (1747–9), Dauphin’s child by first marriage, 88, 89, 90, 93
Madame Infante:
see
Parma, (Marie Louise) Elisabeth, Duchess of
Madrid, 31, 66, 172
Mahon, Minorca, 170; Mahonaise, 170
Mailly, Louise Julie de Maily-Nesle, Comtesse de (1710–51), a mistress of Louis XV, 11, 12, 13, 25, 36, 105, 136, 143, 227
Mailly sisters, 25, 51, 53, 70, 167
Maintenon, François d’ Aubigné, Marquise de (1635–1719), 72, 163–4
Mansart, Jules Hardouin (1646–1737), architect, 5
Marais, Mathieu (1665–1737), writer, 10
Maria Ana Victoria, Infanta of Spain, betrothed to but rejected by Louis XV, 3, 9, 29
Maria Theresa (1717–80), Archduchess of Austria and King of Hungary from 1740, wife of the Emperor Francis I, 38, 174, 176, 179, 206, 216, 218
Marie Antoinette (1755–93), Queen of Louis XVI of France, 68, 99, 100, 116, 125
Marie Josèphe de Saxe (1731–67), second wife of Louis, Dauphin of France, 88; chosen as wife for the Dauphin, 89; marriage celebrations, 90–1; sympathy with the Dauphin’s grief for his first wife, 90; wins over the Queen, 90; nurses the Dauphin during his attack of smallpox, 92; miscarriages, 93; birth of children, 93–4, 194, 198, 225; death of her mother, 198, 203; on Mme de P.’s death, 231–2
Marie Leczinska (1703–68), Queen of Louis XV of France, chosen as bride for the King, marriage and character, 10–11; her friends on, 26–7; at the Dauphin’s marriage celebrations, 30; gambling debts, 60; and Mme de P., 59–60, 82–4; visits the Théâtre des Petits Cabinets, 82; won over by her second daughter-in-law, 90; dislike of Voltaire, 114; and Damiens’s attack on the King, 182; on Mme de P.’s death, 232; other references passim
Marie Louise Elisabeth of France
see
Parma, (Marie Louise) Elisabeth, Duchess of
Marie-Thérèsa Raphaele de Bourbon, Infanta of Spain (1727–47), first wife of Louis, (1729–65), Dauphin of France; marriage, 29–37; pregnancy and birth of daughter, 60; death, 60
Marie-Zéphyrine of France (1750–55), daughter of the Dauphin and Marie Josèphe, 92
Marigny, estate given by the King to Mme de P.’s father, 57, 96
Marigny, Abel François Poisson de Vandières, Marquis de (1727–91), brother of Mme de P., 17, 18, 19, 37, 43; created Marquis, 57, 58, 59, 63, 65; character, 96; sent to Italy by his sister, 97, 98; succeeds Tournehem as director of the King’s buildings, 99, 111, 116, 118, 119, 121, 128, 131–2; sells his sister’s possessions, 134, 151; grief at death of his niece Alexandrine, 151; lack of interest in politics, 155; refused admittance to the King during his illness, 184; advises his sister against leaving Versailles 184–5, 187; his sister’s legacy, 230; resigns all offices on his sister’s death, but the King restores them, 233; other references passim
Marlborough, George Spencer Churchill, 4
th
Duke of (1739–1817), 223
Marivaux, Pierre Carlet de Chamblain de (1688–1763), 22, 77
Marly, Château de [District of Paris], 42, 54, 57, 62, 64, 67, 117, 167, 226
Marmontel, Jean François (1723–99), 109, 111, 147
Maupéou, René Nicolas Charles Augustin de (1714–92), 7, 159, 183
Maupertuis, Pierre Louis Moreau de (1698–1759), 52
Maurepas, Jean Frédéric Phélypeau, Comte de (1701–81), 40, 70, 102–6, 109, 119, 136, 156, 158, 205, 213
Méchant, Le
(Gresset, 1745), 81