Madrigals Magic Key to Spanish (75 page)
Read Madrigals Magic Key to Spanish Online
Authors: Margarita Madrigal
Tags: #Reference, #Language Arts & Disciplines
| decid i r | dec i do |  deci de | decid i mos |  deci den |
Remember that in the present tense you must stress the next to the last syllable.
N
OTE
: “La comida” means “the meal” and also “lunch” when lunch is the big meal of the day. Both “comida” and “almuerzo” are used very much in Spanish.
| a la una, at one o’clock | a las siete, at seven o’clock |
| a las dos, at two o’clock | a las ocho, at eight o’clock |
| a las tres, at three o’clock | a las nueve, at nine o’clock |
| a las cuatro, at four o’clock | a las diez, at ten o’clock |
| a las cinco, at five o’clock | a las once, at eleven o’clock |
| a las seis, at six o’clock | a las doce, at twelve o’clock |
a las dos y media,
at two-thirty
(
at two and a half
)
a las dos y cuarto,
at two-fifteen
(
at two and a quarter
)
al cuarto para las tres,
at a quarter to
(
for
)
three
el reloj,
the clock, the watch
¿ A qué hora?
At what
time?
¿ A qué hora es la clase?
At what time is the class?
NOUNS RELATED TO VERBS
ouns are often very closely related to verbs. For example, there is a large group of nouns that are identical to the first person present singular of their corresponding verbs.
Read the following exercise aloud, firmly stressing the heavy-type letters.
| INFINITIVES | | NOUNS |
| vot a r | v o to, I vote | el v o to, the vote |
| us a r | u so, I use | el u so, the use |
| cant a r | c a nto, I sing | el c a nto, the song |
| progres a r | progr e so, I progress | el progr e so, the progress |
| rob a r | r o bo, I steal | el r o bo, the robbery |
| estudi a r | est u dio, I study | el est u dio, the study |
| bes a r | b e so, I kiss | el b e so, the kiss |
| insult a r | ins u lto, I insult | el ins u lto, the insult |
| pes a r | p e so, I weigh | el p e so, the weight |
| odi a r | o dio, I hate | el o dio, the hatred |
| refresc a r | refr e sco, I refresh | el refr e sco, the refreshment |
| triunf a r | tri u nfo, I triumph | el tri u nfo, the triumph |
| trabaj a r | trab a jo, I work | el trab a jo, the work |
| anunci a r | an u ncio, I advertise | el an u ncio, the advertisement |
| archiv a r | arch i vo, I file | el arch i vo, the file (letters) |
| cepill a r | cep i llo, I brush | el cep i llo, the brush |
| dibuj a r | dib u jo, I draw | el dib u jo, the drawing |
| divorci a r | div o rcio, I divorce | el div o rcio, the divorce |
| fracas a r | frac a so, I fail | el frac a so, the failure |
| grit a r | gr i to, I shout | el gr i to, the shout, scream |
| salud a r | sal u do, I greet | el sal u do, the greeting |
| cambi a r | c a mbio, I change | el c a mbio, the change |
| camin a r | cam i no, I walk | el cam i no, the road |
| abraz a r | abr a zo, I hug | el abr a zo, the hug |
| arregl a r | arr e glo, I arrange | el arr e glo, the arrangement |
Notice that in the infinitive you stress the LAST syllable; in the present tense and the noun you stress THE NEXT TO THE LAST syllable.
Following is a list of infinitives converted into
nouns.
- Cover up the right-hand column.
- Remove “ar” from the infinitive in the left-hand column.
- Add the letter “o” (this converts the infinitive into a noun).
- Translate the nouns.
- Check your columns with those below.
| INFINITIVES | NOUNS |
| cant a r, to sing | el c a nto, the song |
| us a r, to use | el u so, the use |
| rob a r, to steal | el r o bo, the robbery |
| bes a r, to kiss | el b e so, the kiss |
| insult a r, to insult | el ins u lto, the insult |
| pes a r, to weigh | el p e so, the weight |
| odi a r, to hate | el o dio, the hatred |
| refresc a r, to refresh | el refr e sco, the refreshment |
| trabaj a r, to work | el trab a jo, the work |
| cepill a r, to brush | el cep i llo, the brush |
| dibuj a r, to draw | el dib u jo, the drawing |
| fracas a r, to fail | el frac a so, the failure |
| grit a r, to shout | el gr i to, the shout |
| salud a r, to greet | el sal u do, the greeting |
| cambi a r, to change | el c a mbio, the change |
| camin a r, to walk | el cam i no, the road |
The verb “estar” is irregular.
EST
A
R,
to be
(
where, how
)