Madrigals Magic Key to Spanish (98 page)
Read Madrigals Magic Key to Spanish Online
Authors: Margarita Madrigal
Tags: #Reference, #Language Arts & Disciplines
D
| 1 | 2 |
 ¿Recuerda (Do you remember? ) | el número de teléfono |
| Recuerdo ( I remember ) | ( the telephone number ) |
| No recuerdo ( I don’t remember ) | la dirección ( the address ) |
| ¿No recuerda ( Don’t you remember? ) | el poema |
Translate the following sentences into Spanish. Write out each sentence in Spanish, using the columns above as a guide. Check your sentences with the translations below this exercise.
- Do you play tennis?
- I play bridge.
- Do they play baseball?
- We play bridge.
- I played golf.
- Did you play tennis?
- I played tennis this morning.
- We played bridge today.
- They played baseball today.
- I played tennis with Robert.
- Do you understand the lesson?
- Do you understand Spanish?
- I understand Italian.
- We understand the vocabulary.
- Do you understand?
- I understand the lesson.
- Who opened the window?
- Charles opened the window.
- I opened the windows.
- Who closed the door?
- I close the door.
- I closed the windows.
- Charles closes the windows.
- Do you remember the telephone number?
- I remember the address.
- Don’t you remember?
- Remember?
- Do you remember the poem?
- I don’t remember the telephone number.
- Do you remember the address?
Check your sentences with the translations below.
- ¿Juega usted tenis?
- Juego bridge.
- ¿Juegan beisbol?
- Jugamos bridge.
- Jugué golf.
- ¿Jugó usted tenis?
- Jugué tenis esta mañana.
- Jugamos bridge hoy.
- Jugaron beisbol hoy.
- Jugué tenis con Roberto.
- ¿Entiende la lección?
- ¿Entiende español?
- Entiendo italiano.
- Entendemos el vocabulario.
- ¿Entiende? (or ¿Entiende usted?)
- Entiendo la lección.
- ¿Quién abrió la ventana?
- Carlos abrió la ventana.
- Abrí las ventanas.
- ¿Quién cerró la puerta?
- Cierro la puerta.
- Cerré las ventanas.
- Carlos cierra las ventanas.
- ¿Recuerda el número de teléfono?
- Recuerdo la dirección.
- ¿No recuerda?
- ¿Recuerda?
- ¿Recuerda el poema?
- No recuerdo el número de teléfono.
- ¿Recuerda la dirección?
Remember that you can either use the word “usted” or drop it. You can either say “¿Entiende usted?” (
Do you understand?
) or simply “¿Entiende?” Both of these forms are correct, and both are used in ordinary
conversation.
When “antes de” (
before
) and “después de” (
after
) are followed by verbs, the infinitive form is used.
antes de estudiar,
before studying
antes de tomar la cena,
before having dinner
antes de contar el cuento,
before telling the story
antes de ir,
before going
antes de ver,
before seeing
después de recibir la carta,
after receiving the letter
después de ver a Elena,
after seeing Helen
después de cerrar la puerta,
after closing the door
“Antes de” and “después de” are not necessarily followed by verbs. They can be followed by nouns.
antes de la cena,
before dinner
antes del desayuno,
before breakfast
antes del almuerzo,
before lunch
después de la fiesta,
after the party
después de la clase,
after the class
“Comprender” and “entender” both mean
to understand
. They are interchangeable. It’s a good idea to study “entender” well, since it is radical changing. Remember that the present tense is:
“Pensar” (
to think
) expresses the act of thinking, but don’t forget that if you wish to express an opinion and say, “I think,” you must use the verb “creer” (
to believe
).
Creo que es interesante.
I think that it’s interesting
.
Creo que sí.
I think so
.
Creo que no.
I think not
.
You have learned that there is a large group of nouns that are identical to the first person present of their corresponding verbs.
EXAMPLES
:
| INFINITIVES | PRESENT | NOUNS |
| cantar | canto, I sing | el canto, the song |
| trabajar | trabajo, I work | el trabajo, the work |
| cepillar | cepillo, I brush | el cepillo, the brush |
| dibujar | dibujo, I draw | el dibujo, the drawing |
| diseñar | diseño, I design | el diseño, the design |
When a verb is irregular its corresponding noun is irregular in the same way.
EXAMPLES
:
| INFINITIVES | PRESENT | nouns |
|---|---|---|
| gobernar, to govern | gobierno, I govern | el gobierno, the government |
| helar, to freeze | hielo, I freeze | el hielo, the ice |
| contar, to recount, to tell | cuento, I tell | el cuento, the story |
| volar, to fly | vuelo, I fly | el vuelo, the flight |
| consolar, to console | consuelo, I console | el consuelo, the consolation |
| descontar, to discount | descuento, I discount | el descuento, the discount |
| soltar, to untie, to let loose | suelto, I let loose | el suelto, loose change |
| soñar, to dream | sueño, I dream | el sueño, the dream |
| tronar, to thunder | trueno, I thunder | el trueno, the thunder |
| encontrar, to encounter | encuentro, I encounter | el encuentro, the encounter |
| recordar, to remember | recuerdo, I remember | el recuerdo, the remembrance |
| jugar, to play | juego, I play | el juego, the game |
| apretar, to squeeze | aprieto, I squeeze | un aprieto, a jam, a tight spot |
There are some feminine nouns that are identical to the third person singular of their corresponding verbs.
EXAMPLES
:
| INFINITIVES | PRESENT | NOUNS |
|---|---|---|
| apostar, to bet | apuesta, he bets | la apuesta, the bet |
| mostrar, to show | muestra, he shows | la muestra, the sample |
| probar, to taste, to prove | prueba, he proves | la prueba, the proof |
| rodar, to roll | rueda, he rolls | la rueda, the wheel |
| contar, to count | cuenta, he counts | la cuenta, the bill, check in a restaurant |
ow that you have completed thirty lessons, it’s time to check your progress again.
Fill in each blank below, translating the words under the blanks. You should be able to complete this test in five minutes.
raro (
strange
)
1. (stranger): ____________
2. (the strangest):_____________
bonito (
pretty
)
3. (prettier): ____________
4. (the prettiest):_____________