Mosby's 2014 Nursing Drug Reference (441 page)
Read Mosby's 2014 Nursing Drug Reference Online
Authors: Linda Skidmore-Roth
Canada only Side effects:
italics
= common;
bold
= life-threatening 
Nurse Alert
GLUCOCORTICOIDS
betamethasone (augmented) (Rx)
(bay-ta-meth′a-sone)
Diprolene
desonide (Rx)
(dess′oh-nide)
LoKara, Verdeso Foam
fluocinolone (Rx)
(floo-oh-sin′oh-lone)
Derma-Smoothe/F, Synalar
flurandrenolide (Rx)
(flure-an-dren′oh-lide)
Cordran, Cordran SP, Drenison 1/4
, Drenison Tape
halcinonide (Rx)
(hal-sin′oh-nide)
Halog
Antipruritic, antiinflammatory
Psoriasis, eczema, contact dermatitis, pruritus; usually reserved for severe dermatoses that have not responded to less potent formulation
Hypersensitivity, viral infections, fungal infections
Precautions:
Pregnancy (C)
Calculator
• Adult and child:
Apply to affected area
•
Only to affected areas; do not get in eyes
•
Leaving site uncovered or lightly covered; occlusive dressing is not recommended—systemic absorption may occur
•
Use only on dermatoses; do not use on weeping, denuded, or infected area
•
Cleansing before application of product
•
Continuing treatment for a few days after area has cleared
•
Store at room temperature
INTEG:
Acne, atrophy, epidermal thinning, purpura, striae
•
Temp; if fever develops, product should be discontinued
•
For systemic absorption, increased temp, inflammation, irritation
•
Therapeutic response: absence of severe itching, patches on skin, flaking
•
To avoid sunlight on affected area, burns may occur
•
To limit treatment to 14 days
Canada only Side effects:
italics
= common;
bold
= life-threatening Nurse Alert
ANTIFUNGALS
nystatin (
OTC
)
(nye-stat′in)
Nyamyc, Nystop, Pediaderm, Pedia-dri
selenium (
OTC
)
(see-leen′ee-um)
Dandrex, Selsun, Selsun Blue
terbinafine (
OTC
)
(ter-bin′a-feen)
Lamisil
tolnaftate (
OTC
)
(tole-naf′tate)
Absorbine Athlete’s Foot Cream, Fungi-Guard, Tinactin
undecylenic acid (
OTC
)
(un-deh-sih-len′ik)
Interferes with fungal cell membrane permeability
Tinea cruris, tinea pedis, diaper rash, minor skin irritations; amphotericin B is used for candida infections
Hypersensitivity
Precautions:
Pregnancy (B), breastfeeding, children
Calculator
•
Massage into affected area, surrounding area daily or bid, continue for 7-14 days, not to exceed 4 wk
Topical route
•
To affected area, surrounding area; do not cover with occlusive dressings
•
Store below 86° F (30° C)
INTEG:
Burning, stinging, dryness, itching, local irritation
•
Skin for fungal infections; peeling, dryness, itching before and throughout treatment
•
For continuing infection; increased size, number of lesions
•
Therapeutic response: decrease in size, number of lesions
•
To apply with glove to prevent further infection; not to cover with occlusive dressings
•
That long-term therapy may be needed to clear infection (2 wk-6 mo depending on organism); compliance is needed even after feeling better
•
Proper hygiene; hand-washing technique, nail care, use of concomitant top agents if prescribed
•
To avoid use of OTC creams, ointments, lotions unless directed by prescriber
•
To use medical asepsis (hand washing) before, after each application; to change socks and shoes once a day during treatment of tinea pedis
•
To report to health care prescriber if infection persists or recurs; if blisters, burning, oozing, swelling occur
•
To avoid alcohol because nausea, vomiting, hypertension may occur
•
To use sunscreen or avoid direct sunlight to prevent photosensitivity
•
To notify health care provider of sore throat, fever, skin rash, which may indicate overgrowth of organisms
Canada only Side effects:
italics
= common;
bold
= life-threatening Nurse Alert
ANTIINFECTIVES
bacitracin (
OTC
)
(bass-i-tray′sin)
mafenide (Rx)
(ma′fe-nide)
Sulfamylon
salicylic acid (Rx)
(sal′i-sil′ik)
silver sulfADIAZINE (Rx)
(sul-fa-dye′a-zeen)
Flamazine, Silvadene, SSD, SSD AF, Thermazene
tretinoin (Rx)
(treh′tih-noyn)
Atralin, Avita, Retin-A, Renova
Interferes with bacterial protein synthesis
Skin infections, minor burns, wounds, skin grafts, primary pyodermas, otitis externa
Hypersensitivity, large areas, burns, ulcerations
Precautions:
Pregnancy (C), breastfeeding, impaired renal function, external ear or perforated eardrum
•
Enough medication to cover lesions completely
•
After cleansing with soap, water before each application; dry well
•
To less than 20% of body surface area when patient has impaired renal function
INTEG:
Rash, urticaria, scaling, redness
•
Allergic reaction: burning, stinging, swelling, redness
•
For signs of nephrotoxicity or ototoxicity
•
Storage at room temperature in dry place
•
Therapeutic response: decrease in size, number of lesions