Sabbath boundary See
Eruv.
Sabbath Goy A non-Jew hired to perform necessary chores forbidden to Jews on the Sabbath.
Sabbath Keepers A Russian Christian fundamentalist sect (called Subotniks) that observed the Sabbath on Saturday instead of Sunday; many of them immigrated to the Holy Land, settled in the Galilee and eventually merged with the Jews.
Sadigura Hasids A Hasidic dynasty.
Sarona (Sharona) German colony in what is now central Tel Aviv.
Schatz, Boris Professor Boris Schatz; see Bezalel.
Selikhot Lamentations.
Sephardi Descendant of former Spanish Jews.
Seven Blessings Traditional formula of blessings recited in the wedding ceremony.
Sha’ar HaGai (Gate of the Valley) The exit from the Judean mountains, on the road from Jerusalem to the coastal plain.
Sha’arey Zion Library See Gates of Zion Library.
Shavuoth Holiday, seven weeks after the end of Passover.
Sheid, Elijah (or Elie Scheid, 1841–1922) Wrote historical studies of Alsatian Jewry, was appointed by Baron Ed-mond de Rothschild as inspector of the Baron’s settlements in the Land of Israel, 1883–1899.
Sheinkin, Menahem (1871–1924) Zionist leader in Russia and Palestine.
Shekel The membership contribution of the Zionist organization.
Shekhina The Divine Spirit in Jewish mysticism.
Shema Jewish credo (“Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord is One”).
Shiv’a The Jewish week of mourning following a funeral.
Shofar Ram’s horn, trumpet. Sholem Aleichem (literally: How-Do—
You-Do; pseudonym of Shalom Rabinovitch, 1859–1916) Major Yiddish classical writer.
Shtemper, Yehoshua (or Stampfer, 1852– 1908) Religious Jew from Jerusalem, cofounder of the first Jewish agricultural settlement in Petach Tikva.
Shtrayml The festive fur hat worn by Orthodox Jewish men.
Shulhan Arukh Code of Jewish laws written by Joseph Caro (1488–1575). Silman, Kaddish Yehuda Leyb (1880– 1937) Hebrew teacher, writer, and
satirist. Immigrated to Palestine in
1907.
Sukkah Booth erected for the Feast of Tabernacles where, for seven days, religious Jews dwell, or at least eat.
Sukkoth Feast of Tabernacles, in the autumn.
Tamuz The fourth month of the Jewish calendar.
Tefillin Phylacteries, cube-shaped cases containing Torah texts worn by wor-shippers.
The Young Laborer See
Ha-Po’el Ha-Tsa’ir.
Thirty-Six Just Men According to leg-end, the world exists on the basis of thirty-six just men, hidden among humanity.
Trietsch, Davis (1870–1935) Attended the First Zionist Congress in 1897, but opposed Herzl’s political Zionism and insisted on immediate practical settlement in Palestine and its vicinity. In 1905, he opened an Information Office for Immigration in Jaffa.
Tsena Ve-Rena
The women’s Bible in Yiddish.
Ussishkin, Abraham Menahem Mendel (1863–1941) Member of Hovevey Tsion in Odessa and President of the Jewish National Fund.
Valero Sephardi family in Jerusalem. Jacob Valero (d. 1880) founded the first modern bank in Jerusalem in 1848; his son Haim Aaron (1845–1923) was direc-tor of the bank after 1875.
Warburg, Otto (1859–1938) Botanist and the third president of the World Zionist Organization.
Wessely, Naftali Herz (in Hebrew: Vayzeli, 1725–1805) Hebrew epic poet in Germany, one of the founders of the Haskalah.
Western Wall Hebrew: Kotel. A retaining wall at the foot of the Temple Mount; the last remnant of the Second Temple and the holiest site in Judaism.
Windischgrätz, Alfred Fürst zu (1787– 1862) Austrian field marshall, sup-pressed the Hungarian revolt of 1848.
Wolffson, David (1856–1914) Second president of the World Zionist Organization.
Yad Avshalom Gravestone and monument to Avshalom, at the foot of the Mount of Olives.
Yehuda the Hasid (Segal ha-Levi; 1660?– 1700) Active in the Shabbatean movement in Poland, arrived in Jerusalem in 1700 and died a few days later. His group was the first organized Ashkenazi immigration to Eretz-Israel. One hundred fifty years later, the main synagogue of the Ashkenazi community in the old city of Jerusalem was founded in his name.
Yemin Moshe The first Jewish settlement outside the walls of the Old City of Jerusalem; named for the British Jewish philanthropist Moses Montefiore.
Yeshiva An Orthodox Jewish higher school.
Yishuv Settlement in the Land of Israel. The
Old Yishuv
was the ultra-Orthodox presence of elderly people in the Holy Land; the
New Yishuv
was the Zionist settlement in the Land of Israel since the late 1870s.
Yortseit Anniversary of a death. Yosiphon Or Josippon; historical narra—
tive in Hebrew, describing the Second
Temple Period, written in southern Italy in the tenth century.
Zanz Hasids Or Nowy Sacz. A Hasidic dynasty was founded there by Haim Halberstam (1793–1876).
Zbarazher, Velvl (pseudonym of Ehrenkranz, Binyamin Ze’ev, 1819– 1883) Popular Yiddish and Hebrew poet and songwriter in eastern Galicia.
Zikhron Ya’akov Settlement founded in
1882 by Jews from Romania.
Zohar Book of Jewish mysticism pre-sumed to have been written in the thirteenth century by Rabbi Moshe de Leon.