Red Star over China (80 page)

D
UMONT
, R
ENÉ,
La revolution dans les campagnes chinoises,
Paris, 1954. Tends to support the Communists' main contentions concerning problems of land ownership, tenancy, and utilization.

F
EI
H
SIAO-T'UNG,
Peasant Life in China,
New York, 1939. Generally supports conclusions that a preponderance of poor and landless peasants in China presented a crisis solvable only by land redistribution and social revolutionary changes on a vast scale.

H
SIAO
T
SO-LIANG,
Power Relations Within the Chinese Communist Movement,
Seattle, 1962.

I
SAAGS
, H
AROLD
R.,
The Tragedy of the Chinese Revolution,
Stanford, 1962.

J
OHNSON
, C
HALMERS
A.,
Peasant Nationalism and Communist Power,
Stanford, 1965. Valuable for its Japanese sources.

L
EVENSON
J
OSEPH
, Liang Ch'i-ch'ao and the Mind of Modern China,
Cambridge, Mass., 1959.

L
INDSAY
, M
ICHAEL,
North China Front,
London, 1943.

M
AO
T
SE-TUNG,
Une étude de l'éducation physique,
trad, par Stuart R. Schram (Mouton), Paris, 1962.

_____ On
Protracted War
(Yenan, 1938), Peking, 1952.

_____ Red China: Mao Tse-tung Reports on the Progress of the Chinese Soviet Republic,
London (Martin Lawrence), 1934.

_____ et ah, Fundamental Laws of the Chinese Soviet Republic,
London (Martin Lawrence), 1934.

M
CLANE
, C
HARLES
B.,
Soviet Policy and Chinese Communists:
1931–1946, New York, 1958.

M
EISNER
, M
AURICE,
Li Ta-chao and the Origins of Chinese Marxism,
Cambridge, Mass., 1967.

M
IF
, P
AVEL
,
Heroic China,
New York, 1937. By a Comintern instructor at Sun Yat-sen (Eastern Toilers') University in Moscow who taught China's “Twenty-eight Bolsheviks.” The book is largely a propaganda exhortation.

N
ORTH
, R
OBERT
C, Moscow
and Chinese Communists,
Stanford, 1962.

P
I
SCHEL E
NRICA
C
OLLOTTI
, L'
origine delh rivoluzione cinese,
Turin, 1958.

R
UE
,
JOHN
E.,
Mao Tse-tung in Opposition, 1927–35
(Stanford, 1966).

S
CHRAM
, S
TUART
R.,
Mao Tse-tung,
London, 1966.

_____ The Political Thought of Mao Tse-tung,
New York, 1963.

S
CHWARTZ
, B
ENJAMIN
I.,
Chinese Communism and the Rise of Mao,
Cambridge, Mass., 1951, reprinted 1966.

S
IAO
Y
U
(H
SIAO
Y
U
),
Mao Tse-tung and I Were Beggars,
Syracuse, N.Y., 1959. By the brother of Hsiao San, but much less credible. Amusing apocrypha.

S
MEDLEYH
, A
GNES
,
Battle Hymn of China,
New York, 1943.

_____ The Great Road: The Life and Times of Chu Teh,
New York, 1956.

S
TALIN
, J
OSEPH
,
Selected Writings,
New York, 1942.

T
'ANG
L
EANG-LI,
The Inner History of the Chinese Revolution,
London, 1930.

T
AWNEY
, R. H.,
Land and Labour in China,
London, 1932, reprinted in New York, 1964. A classical analysis by a noted Western economist of China's “unsolvable” agrarian problems.

T
ROTSKY, LEON
,
Problems of the Chinese Revolution,
New York, 1932.

_____ The Third International After Lenin,
New York, 1936.

W
ALES
, N
YM
,
Inside Red China,
New York, 1939.

_____ (ed.),
Red Dust: Autobiographies of Chinese Communists,
Stanford, 1952.

W
ILBUR
, C. M
ARTIN
, and J
ULIE
L
IEN-YING
H
OW
,
Documents on Communism

...,191
8-27,
New York, 1956.
Y
ANG
C
HIEN
, The Communist Situation in China,
Nanking, 1931.

II. Peking Publications on Revolutionary History (Foreign Languages Press)

C
H'EN
P
O-TA
,
Notes on Mao Tse-tung's “Report of an Investigation into the Peasant Movement in Hunan”
1954.

_____ Stalin and the Chinese Revolution,
1953.

_____ A
Study of Land Rent in Pre-Liberation China,
1958.

Ho K
AN-CHIH
, A
History of the Modern Chinese Revolution,
1959.

H
SIAO
S
AN
(E
MI
S
IAO
), Mao Tse-tung Tung-chih-ti ch'ing-hsao-nien shih-tai [Comrade Mao's Boyhood and Youth],
1949. Some sympathetic personal reminiscences. The author knew Mao in his schooldays in Hunan.

Hu C
HIAO
-M
U
,
Thirty Years of the Chinese Communist Party,
1954.

Hu S
HENG,
Imperialism and Chinese Politics,
1955.

Li J
UI,
Mao Tse-tung T'ung-chih-ti ti ch'u-ch'i ke-ming huo-tung [Comrade Mao's Revolutionary Activities],
1957. Not to be regarded as an official biography. The book was withdrawn from circulation in China.

L
IU
S
HAO
-C
H'I
, How to Be a Good Communist,
1960, should be compared with original, entitled “Training of the Communist Party Member,” published in Yenan in 1939. See Compton,
Mao's China,
listed above.

The Long March: Eyewitness Accounts
(Symposium), 1963.

L
U HSUN
,
Selected Works,
1957.

The Roar of a Nation, Reminiscences of December 9th Student Movement,
1963.

A complete list of other works published in French and English by the Foreign Languages Press, an official Chinese government organization, may be obtained from Guozi Shudian, P.O. Box 399, Peking, China. Among recent publications are dozens of reprints of polemical documents of the Sino-Soviet schism which throw some light on earlier difficulties in relationships between the Soviet and Chinese parties.

III. Works by Mao Tse-tung Published in China

Prior to 1960 three volumes of Mao Tse-tung's
Selected Works
were officially published, in Chinese, covering the period 1926–49. Unofficial English-language translations were issued by the International Publishers, New York and London, in four volumes. The latter covered the following periods: I (1926-37); II (1937-38); III (1939-41); and IV (1941-45). (These four volumes corresponded to Vols. I—III in Chinese.) In 1960, Vol. IV appeared in Chinese. In 1961 the Foreign Languages Press of Peking published, in English, a translation of the Chinese edition of Vol. IV,
Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung
(1945-49). English translations of Mao's
SW,
Vols. I, II, and III, were published by Peking, 1963–65.

In 1963 Peking brought out in English and other foreign translations a 408-page book,
The Selected Military Writings of Mao Tse-tung.
It contains Mao's work of that genre from 1928 through 1940. Seventeen pieces of Mao's poetry were translated in
Poems,
in 1959, and Mao's
Nine Poems
appeared in

English in 1963. In 1966 a collection,
Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung
, was published in Chinese especially for the edification of the Red Guards. Many foreign-language versions became available in the same year. By 1968 China had published 86,400,000 four-volume sets of
Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung,
in addition to 350,000,000 copies of
Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung,
and more than 57,000,000 copies of Chairman Mao's poems. Those items reached “hundreds of millions of Chinese workers, peasants, and soldiers” as well as “revolutionary people in 148 countries and regions throughout the world,” according to the official
Hsin Hua News,
January 17,1968.

Since 1949 Mao had produced a steady stream of essays, reports, ideological statements, exhortations, and a few poems, but little had been published under his name. It was known that many of the treatises in the long series of exchanges in the Sino-Russian controversy were written or edited by Mao, as well as much of the abundant accusatory literature of the GPCR, which contains important revelations about early Party history and relations with Moscow. For example, late in 1967 Mao was officially revealed as the author of
Khrushchev's Phony Communism,
first printed in the Peking press anonymously in 1964. Three notable pamphlets by Mao published by FLP were: On
the Question of Agricultural Cooperation,
1956;
Imperialism and All Reactionaries Are Paper Tigers,
1958; and
On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People,
1959.

A significant work widely attributed to Mao, but not signed by him, is
Historical Experiences of the Dictatorship of the Proletariat
(in Chinese, 1955–56; English translation, Foreign Languages Press, 1959). Mao told the author that this essay precisely expressed his evaluation of Stalin and the role of a personality cult in the revolution. Other references are listed in the Notes and the Biographical Notes in this volume.

Many of Mao's speeches, essays, and polemical treatises were revised and edited, before being included in his SW, as Mao himself acknowledged—a practice not unknown to public figures and statesmen from Caesar to Churchill. For the most part the alterations have resulted simply in improved clarity, but when possible, meticulous scholars consult the originals.

ABC of Communism
,
271
,
335

Abyssinia,
15
,
112
,
354
,
377

Account of the Long March, An
,
190
n
,
204
n

Agrarian Reform Law of the People's Republic of China, The
,
420

All-China Peasants' Union,
161
–62

All Men Are Brothers,
67
n

Amerasia
,
415

America,
see
United States of America

Analysis of Classes in Chinese Society
,
160

Anderson Meyer & Co.,
251
,
253

Andrew, Findlay,
217

Anhui province,
100
,
154
n
,
186
,
191
,
202
,
209
,
228
,
295
,
298
,
395
,
414

An Jen Ch'ang,
196
–97,
199

An Ting,
211
,
248
,
289

An Tsai,
58
–59,
63
,
64
,
66
,
67

Ao Kung Chai,
302

Arabia,
306

Associated Press,
383

Auguste Comte School,
152

Australia,
103

Autumn Harvest Uprising,
165
,
166
,
168

Awakening Society (Chueh-wu Shih),
73
,
148
n

Band, William,
415

Bandit Suppression Commission,
43
,
379
,
392

Battle for Asia, The
,
413
n

Battle Hymn of China
,
416
n

Bavaria,
359

Belgium,
103
,
346

Bluecher, General Vasili (Galin),
74
,
115
,
159
;

BN
451

Blueshirts,
46
,
378
–79,
380
,
384
,
398

Blum, Premier Léon,
346

Borodin, Mikhail Markovich,
74
,
98
,
163
–64,
423
–24;

BN
451
–52

Bosshard, Reverend,
80

Braun, Otto,
see
Li Teh

Browder, Earl,
424

Buck, Pearl,
67
n

Buddhism,
45
,
134
,
136

Bukharin, Nikolai Ivanovich,
271
,
335
,
427

Burma,
136
,
192
,
417

Canada,
103

Canton, CCP organized in,
157
;

counterrevolutionary movement in,
162
;

Mao in,
158
–60;

Uprising in,
139
,
168
;

general references:
74
,
76
,
97
,
98
–99,
115
,
156
,
164
,
209
,
230
,
251
,
297
,
306