受戒

Copyright © Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press 2011

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Published by Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press

No. 19 Xisanhuan Beilu

Beijing, China 100089

http://www.fltrp.com

图书在版编目(CIP)数据

受戒：汉英对照/汪曾祺著. — 北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2011.12

（中国故事）

ISBN 978-7-5135-1569-6

I. (1)受…   II. (1)汪…   III. (1)英语—汉语—对照读物 (2)短篇小说—小说集—中国—当代   IV. (1)H319.4:I

中国版本图书馆CIP数据核字 (2011) 第256374号

出版人：蔡剑峰

责任编辑：郝颖   王琳

封面设计：蔡曼

版式设计：高蕾

出版发行：外语教学与研究出版社

社址：北京市西三环北路19号 (100089)

网址：http://www.fltrp.com

版次：2011年12月第1版   2011年12月第1次印刷

书号：ISBN 978-7-5135-1569-6

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版权保护办公室举报电话：(010) 88817519

Multi-language Center for International Promotion of Chinese Language, Beijing Foreign Studies University

Chinese-English "China Stories"Series

北京外国语大学汉语国际推广多语种基地

中英对照“中国故事”丛书

Publisher's Note

"Once upon a time…”, such is the beginning of a story that may have accompanied many people through their childhood no matter what country they live in and what language they speak. When we grow up, we remain keen on one kind of stories or another. This is because stories always keep us at a fascinating distance: things that take place around us may drive home to us a timeless truth, while remote or illusory stories may as well be relevant to reality or reflect the problems of today.

However, if a story is linked with the name of a country, what can the listener expect from it?

The
China Stories
series is dedicated to those who are fond of stories and hope to know about China. The reason why we have chosen this way of storytelling is that while people nowadays may easily get to know a country by turning on the television, surfing the Internet or touching a cellphone screen, we believe stories make China look more vivid, serene and down-to-earth than media or political or economic commentators, historical archives or museums do.

Our stories or "storytellers" generally fall into two categories. Firstly, small works of big names in contemporary Chinese literature, such as
The Love Story of a Young Monk
by Wang Zengqi and
Ah
,
xiangxue
by Tie Ning; Secondly, Chinese tales told by writers from other lands from the "other" perspectives, like
The Magic of the White Snake
by the German freelancer Helmut Matt. The differences in settings, plots and the storytellers' personalities have added to the charisma of our stories. This
China Stories
series will maintain its openness by putting forth new stories, so as to present a rich, varied three-dimensional China to our readers. In this sense, this series is catered not only to foreign friends but also to Chinese-speaking natives so that they can observe this country from a fresh point of view.

Instead of lengthy narratives that may wear our readers down, the
China Stories
series is a collection of short stories and novellas that are meant for a pleasant reading experience, an experience that is made all the more delightful by our elaborately produced bilingual texts and beautiful illustrations.

Whether the storyteller or the listener comes from China or elsewhere, we believe that you can derive your own impression of China from these stories, and feel closer to it whether it was familiar or strange to you before you lay your hands on the
China Stories
series. So let's read
China Stories
, and get a taste of China from them.

Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
August, 2011

出版说明

“很久很久以前……”，许多人的童年或许都伴随着这样开头的故事，无论她或他身处哪个国家，说着何种语言。当我们长大，依然热衷于各种故事。因为故事总是与人们保持一种远近适宜的奇妙距离：身边发生的故事有时能让人悟到恒久长远的道理，而遥远的甚至虚幻的故事又能使人联想到现实的处境，回应当下的问题。

而当故事与一个国家的名称联系在一起的时候，又会给听者一种怎样的期待？

《中国故事》系列丛书献给那些喜欢听故事并且希望了解中国的人们。之所以选择这种方式而不是别的——毕竟，现在想了解一个国家，打开电视，浏览互联网，或者触摸一下手机屏幕就可以做到——因为我们相信，比起新闻媒体、政经评论或者历史文献、博物馆陈列中的中国，也许故事所反映的那个中国来得更真切，更沉静，也更实在。

故事的来源，或者说“讲故事的人”大体有两类。一方面我们收集了现当代一些中国文学大家的小作品，例如汪曾祺的《受戒》，铁凝的《哦，香雪》；另一方面，来自中国以外的作者们基于“他者”的视角重述中国的传奇，例如德国赫尔穆特·马特先生的《白蛇传奇》。故事的背景和事件彼此不同，更因叙述者的个性特征而平添魅力，本系列还将不断推新以保持一种开放性。因此呈现给各位的这一套丛书应该是丰富和立体的，希望借此传达的中国形象也能更加真实、丰满。从这个意义上讲，丛书的目标读者应不仅仅限于海外的朋友，其实也包括以中文为母语的读者们，以便透过新鲜的角度来观察这个国家。

这里没有宏大的叙事，而是以中短篇小说的篇幅给读者绝不沉重的阅读体验。这种轻松感还将通过我们精心提供的双语文本和优美插图得到进一步的
体会。

无论讲故事的人以及听故事的人是来自中国还是其他国家，我们都相信您能从故事中获得自己对于中国的印象，对这个已经熟悉或者还很陌生的国度，更多一点儿亲近——阅读中国的故事，品味故事中的中国。

外语教学与研究出版社
2011年8月

目录

It was already four years since Minghai had become a novice.

He had come when he was only thirteen years old.

The name of the place, Anzhaozhuang, was somewhat unusual. The word
Zhao
signified that the majority of villagers had the same surname, Zhao. Though it was called a village or
zhuang
, the houses were scattered far apart in twos and threes. From one door could be seen the neighbouring houses, but it was a long walk to reach them because there was no road, only the winding paths between the fields. As to the word
an
, that was easy to understand for there was a nunnery in this village, which was originally named Boddha Nunnery. Later it was wrongly called Biqi (Water Chestnut) Nunnery, and even those living within had called it that. "Monks in the monasteries and nuns in nunneries, " so the saying goes, but that nunnery was occupied by monks. Because it was so small it was probably called a nunnery and not a monastery.

When he had lived at home, Minghai had been called Mingzi. From his early childhood, it was decided that he would become a monk. His native village was famous for its supply of monks just as other places were known for their pig-castrators, mat-weavers, coopers, cotton-fluffers, painters and prostitutes. A household with several sons always sent one to be a monk. There were also factions among the monks, and one must have certain relations with them in order to join. Many of the villagers, who had become monks, went to faraway monasteries, such as Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou, Jing'an Temple in Shanghai, Jinshan Temple in Zhenjiang or Tianning Monastery in Yangzhou. But generally, they lived in local temples. Mingzi's family had only a few
mu
of land, and his three elder brothers could easily cope with the work. As the fourth son, he had no choice but to go to a temple and become a monk.

One day, when he was seven years old, his uncle, who was a monk, visited his home. After consulting with him, Mingzi's parents decided to let him become a monk. He was standing near them and thought it a very reasonable suggestion, finding no cause to object. There were many advantages in such a life! First of all, he could have his meals every day free of charge. As a rule, both the food and clothing of every monk were supplied by the temple. Secondly, he could save money. Once he had learned how to perform the Buddhist rites, he would surely obtain his due portion of the service charge. When he had saved enough money, he could resume his secular life and marry a village girl. If, however, he did not leave the temple, he could buy a few
mu
of land.

Still, it was not so easy to become a monk in those days. In the first place, the candidate must be good-looking, with a face like a bright full moon. Secondly, he must have a sweet musical voice. Thirdly, he must be intelligent and have a good memory. His uncle studied his face carefully, urged the boy to walk a few steps forward and back, and sing a line from a work song which the local peasants sang while driving oxen to the threshing ground. Finally, his uncle said, "Mingzi will surely be a good monk. I'm willing to vouch for him!" To do that, his parents had to spend money sending the boy to school, there being no illiterate monks. So, Mingzi was enrolled in a private school, studied textbooks and practised calligraphy. The villagers praised him highly for his neat handwriting.

明海出家已经四年了。

他是十三岁来的。

这个地方的地名有点怪，叫庵赵庄。赵，是因为庄上大都姓赵。叫做庄，可是人家住得很分散，这里两三家，那里两三家。一出门，远远可以看到，走起来得走一会，因为没有大路，都是弯弯曲曲的田埂。庵，是因为有一个庵。庵叫菩提庵，可是大家叫讹了，叫成荸荠庵。连庵里的和尚也这样叫。“宝刹何处？”——“荸荠庵。”庵本来是住尼姑的。“和尚庙”， “尼姑庵”嘛。可是荸荠庵住的是和尚。也许因为荸荠庵不大，大者为庙，小者为庵。