18. James IV's body was brought to the Observant Friars at Sheen, and (with papal permission) buried there. At the Reformation, the House was dissolved and the body, encased in lead, removed as a souvenir. It was dumped in a lumber room, where 'workmen there for their foolish pleasure hewed off his head':
A Survey of London by John Stow
, ed. C.L. Kingsford, 2 vols. (Oxford, 1908), I, p. 298.
Original Letters
, ed. Ellis, 1st series I, pp. 80 –2, 88–9 (
LP
I ii, 2120, 2268);
LP
I ii, 2422 (2);
CSP Mil
. I (1389–1618), p. 408.
Chapter 27
1.
CSP Ven
. II (1509–1519), p. 188.
2.
LP
I ii, 2724, 2768; R.B. Wernham,
Before the Armada: the Growth of English
Foreign Policy, 1485–1588
(London, 1966), pp. 86 –7;
CSP Ven
. II (1509–1519), p. 201.
3.
CSP Sp
. II (1509–1525), p. 42.
4.
LP
II ii, 4071.
5.
CSP Ven
. II (1509–1519), pp. 198–9;
LP
I ii, 3136, 3146.
6.
CSP Ven
. II (1509–1519), p. 190.
7. Ibid., pp. 190, 199–200;
LP
II ii, p. 1465.
8.
CSP Ven
. II (1509–1519), p. 188; Mattingly,
Catherine of Aragon
, pp.
320 –1.
9.
CSP Ven
. II (1509–1519), p. 200;
LP
I ii, 3041 (p. 1307), 3074 (p. 1317).
10.
LP
I ii, 3332–3, 3416, 3440.
11. Ibid., 3440; 3581;
CSP Sp
. II (1509–1525), p. 248.
12.
LP
I ii, 3581;
CSP Ven
. II (1509–1519), p. 223.
Chapter 28
1.
CSP Sp
. Supp. to vols. I and II, pp. xxii–iii, 44 –6.
LP
I i, 20 (p. 15) shows that the individuals Diego named were indeed members of Catherine's household.
2.
CSP Sp
. II (1509–1525), p. 273; Mattingly,
Catherine of Aragon
, p. 201.
3. Knecht,
Francis I
, pp. 41–8.
4.
CSP Sp
. II (1509–1525), pp. 270 –3.
5. Ibid., p. 273;
LP
I ii, 3482;
CSP Ven
. II (1509–1519), 690.
6.
CSP Ven
. II (1509–1519), 691.
7.
LP
II ii, 4074;
CSP Ven
. II (1509–1519), 1038.
8.
St. P
. I, p. 1 (
LP
II ii, 4279).
9.
LP
II ii, 4276;
St. P
. I, p. 2 (
LP
II ii, 4288).
10. PRO, OBS 1419;
LP
II ii, 4398, p. 1479;
CSP Ven
. II (1509–1519),
1093.
11.
CSP Ven
. II (1509–1519), 1103.
Chapter 29
1.
LP
I ii, 3041;
CSP Ven
. II (1509–1519), pp. 248, 529, 560.
2.
CSP Ven
. II (1509–1519), p. 560.
3. Ibid., pp. 242, 562.
4.
Original Letters
, ed. Ellis, 1st series I, pp. 88–91 (
LP
I ii, 2268–9);
CSP Ven
. II (1509–1519), p. 560.
5. Hall,
Chronicle
, pp. 590 –1;
CSP Ven
. II (1509–1519), p. 385.
Chapter 30
1.
CSP Ven
. II (1509–1519), p. 434.
2.
LP
VIII, 200;
CSP Sp
. V i (1534 –1535), p. 134. I have substituted the more vivid 'sit up with her' as in
CSP Sp
. for the lamer 'watch her' in
LP
.
3.
HO
, pp. 27–33; N. Orme, 'The Education of Edward V',
BIHR
57 (1984), pp. 119–30.
4.
LP
II ii, 4326;
Original Letters
, ed. Ellis, 1st series I, p. 175 (
LP
III i, 873).
5.
LP
II i, 1573.
6. GEC XI, pp. 399– 402;
LP
II ii, 3429, 3802, pp. 1473– 4;
Original Letters
, ed. Ellis, 2nd series II, pp. 78–83 (
LP
XI, 203).
7.
AR
I, p. 306;
LP
III i, 491, 528, 577, 579; III ii, Appendix 20;
PPE Princess
Mary
, p. xxi.
8.
LP
Addenda I i, 259;
LP
III i, 970;
PPE Princess Mary
, p. xxii;
LP
II ii, p. 1477; Thurley,
Royal Palaces
, pp. 78, 80.
9.
PPE Princess Mary
, p. xxii;
LP
II ii, p. 1477.
10.
LP
II ii, 4326.
11.
LP
II ii, 4326/ii; N. Samman, 'The Henrician Court during Cardinal Wolsey's Ascendancy' (University of Wales Ph.D. thesis, 1989), p. 351; D. Starkey, 'The King's Privy Chamber, 1485–1547 (University of Cambridge Ph.D. thesis, 1973), pp. 372–3;
LP
III ii, pp. 1539– 43.
12.
LP
II ii, p. 1477; III i, 805; D. Erasmus,
De immensa dei misericordia
, trans. G. Hervet, Berthelet, 1526: STC 10474.
13.
LP
III i, 895–6, 970; VIII, 263 (p. 101).
14. Harris,
Buckingham
, pp. 55–6.
15. Samman, 'The Henrician Court', p. 359;
LP
III ii, 2585 (p. 1099);
CSP
Ven
. III (1520 –1526), 167;
HKW
IV, pp. 172–5; Thurley,
Royal Palaces
, pp. 44 –5, 49–50.
16. Hall,
Chronicle
, pp. 622–3;
LP
III i, 1204, 1233; III ii, 1437, 1439, 1673.
17.
St. P.
I, p. 19 (
LP
III ii, 1437);
LP
III ii, 1669, 2585 (p. 1099), 3375 (p. 1409); Samman, 'The Henrician Court', pp. 361–3.
18.
LP
I ii, 1849; III ii, 3375 (pp. 1405, 1409); Nichols,
Hall of Lawford Hall
, pp. 174 –7.
19. Dowling,
Humanism in the Age of Henry VIII
, pp. 221–3.
20. F. Watson,
Tudor School-boy Life: the Dialogues of Juan Luis Vives
(London, 1908), pp. vii–xiv; Dowling,
Humanism
, p. 149.
21. Watson,
Tudor School-boy Life
, pp. xiv–xvii; Dowling,
Humanism
, pp. 149–50, 223.
22. F. Watson,
Vives and the Renascence Education of Women
(London, 1912), pp. 32–8, 58–9, 62–3, 71–84, 102– 4, 117–18, 130 –1, 137, 139– 47, 151–8; Dowling,
Humanism
, pp. 223–6, Samman, 'The Henrician Court', p. 365;
PPE Princess Mary
, pp. cxxviii–ix, cxxxiv–v.
Chapter 31
1.
LP
II ii, 4480, 4693, p. 1479;
CSP Ven
. II (1509–1519), p. 463; Hall,
Chronicle
, pp. 594 –5.
2.
LP
III i, 514.
3. Ibid., 721.
4. Ibid., 728.
5. Ibid., 689.
6. Hall,
Chronicle
, pp. 604 –5;
CSP Ven
. III (1520 –1526), pp. 14 –19.
7. Hall,
Chronicle
, pp. 603–20;
LP
III i, 861; M. Dowling,
Fisher of Men: a Life
of John Fisher, 1469–1535
(Basingstoke, 1999), pp. 52–3, 76.
8. Hall,
Chronicle
, p. 620.
9.
LP
III ii, 1443/8, 1462, 2333/3.
10.
CSP Sp
. Further Supp. (1513–1542), p. 71; Starkey,
European Court
, p. 91; Hall,
Chronicle
, p. 692.
11.
CSP Sp
. Further Supp. (1513–1542), p. 138.
12. Ibid., p. 74.
13. Hall,
Chronicle
, pp. 635– 41;
CSP Sp
. II (1509–1525), pp. 430, 432.
14.
CSP Sp
. II (1509–1525), p. 448; Hall,
Chronicle
, p. 641.
15.
CSP Sp
. II (1509–1525), pp. 432, 444, 448.
16. Hall,
Chronicle
, pp. 642–3.
17.
CSP Sp
. Further Supp. (1513–1542), p. 185.
18. Hall,
Chronicle
, pp. 661–2.
19. Ibid., pp. 661–2, 667–72.
20.
CSP Sp
. Further Supp. (1513–1542), pp. 325, 411.
21.
St. P
. I, pp. 151–3 (
LP
IV i, 882); Knecht,
Francis I
, p. 127;
CSP Sp
. III i (1525–1526), pp. 174 –9.
22. J.J. Scarisbrick,
Henry VIII
(London, 1968), pp. 136 –7;
St. P.
VI, pp. 412–36 (
LP
IV i, 1212);
CSP Sp
. III i (1525–1526), p. 114.
23.
CSP Sp
. III i (1525–1526), p. 108.
24. Ibid., pp. 174 –9.
25. Ibid., pp. 1018–19.
Part Two: Rival Queens
Divorcing Catherine
Chapter 32
1.
CSP Ven
. II (1509–1519), 479 (p. 188);
LP
III i, 1284 (p. 491).
2.
CSP Sp
. III ii (1527–1529), pp. 842–3.
3. Hall,
Chronicle
, p. 703.
4.
CSP Ven
. III (1520 –1526), 1053.
5. Nichols,
Hall of Lawford Hall
, p. 196;
Chronicles of London
, ed. Kingsford, p. 213.
6.
CSP Ven
. III (1520 –1526), 1053.
7.
PPE Princess Mary
, pp. xxxix, xli–xlii, xliv.
8. W.R.B. Robinson, 'Princess Mary's Itinerary in the Marches of Wales, 1525–1527: a Provisional Record',
HR
52 (1998), pp. 235–7, 240 –2;
LP
Addenda I i, 458; IV i, 1940/1; Hall,
Chronicle
, p. 703;
PPE Princess Mary
, p. xxxix.
9.
Original Letters
, ed. Ellis, 1st series II, pp. 19–20 (dated at Woburn, probably on 26 October 1525);
Letters of the Queens
, ed. Crawford, p. 177.
10.
St. P.
I, pp. 161–2 (
LP
IV ii, 2452).
11.
CSP Sp
. III ii (1527–1529), pp. 109–11, 116 –17.
Chapter 33
1.
CSP Sp
. III ii (1527–1529), pp. 193– 4.
2.
LP
IV ii, 3140.
3.
Letters of Richard Fox 1486 –1527
, ed. P.S. and H.M. Allen (Oxford, 1929), pp. 156 –7;
LP
IV ii, 3140 (p. 1429); IV iii 5792 (p. 2588); Kelly,
Matrimonial Trials
, pp. 25–9.
4.
LP
IV ii, 3148; Dowling,
Fisher
, p. 133.
5.
St. P.
I, pp. 189–90 (
LP
IV ii, 3147).
6.
CSP Sp
. III ii (1527–1529), p. 276.
7.
St. P.
I, pp. 194 –5 (
LP
IV ii, 3217).
8.
St. P.
I, pp. 194 –5; N. Pocock,
Records of the Reformation, the Divorce
1527–1533
, 2 vols. (Oxford, 1870), I, p. 11 (
LP
IV ii, 3302).
9.
CSP Sp
. III ii (1527–1529), pp. 276 –7.
10. Ibid., p. 277;
LP
I i, 20 (p. 15).
11.
St. P.
I, pp. 215–16 (
LP
IV ii, 3265);
LP
IV ii, 3283.
12.
CSP Sp
. III ii (1527–1529), pp. 300 –3.
Chapter 34
1.
Letters of Royal and Illustrious Ladies
, ed. Wood, II, pp. 201–3 (
LP
IV ii, 4990).
2. Ibid.
3.
CSP Sp
. III ii (1527–1529), p. 443.
4. Ibid., p. 822 (misdated to 1528 by the Calendar); V. Murphy, 'The Literature and Propaganda of Henry VIII's First Divorce' in D. MacCulloch, ed.,
The Reign of Henry VIII: Politics, Policy and Piety
(London, 1995), pp. 143– 4.
5. Emden,
Biographical Register . . . Oxford to 1500
, III, p. 1417;
Biographical
Register . . . Oxford 1501–1540
, pp. 599–600; J. Wegg,
Richard Pace; a Tudor
Diplomatist
(London, 1932), pp. 274 –7;
LP
IV ii, 3233–6.
6. Wegg,
Richard Pace
, pp. 279–81;
CSP Sp
. III ii (1527–1529), pp. 440 –1.
7.
CSP Sp
. III ii (1527–1529), pp. 587–8.
8.
LP
IV ii, 3943, 4990.
9.
LP
IV ii, 5038.
10.
CSP Sp
. III ii (1527–1529), pp. 822–3 (my translation from the Spanish).
11. Scarisbrick,
Henry VIII
, pp. 212–13, 215.
12. Ibid., p. 212.
13. Emden,
Biographical Register . . . Cambridge to 1500
, pp. 525–6; Fiddes,
Life
of Wolsey
II, pp. 212–15 (
LP
IV ii, 4685).
14.
LP
IV ii, 4857, 4858, 4879;
CSP Sp
. III ii (1527–1529), p. 839.
Chapter 35
1. W.E. Wilkie,
The Cardinal Protectors of England: Rome and the Tudors before
the Reformation
(Cambridge, 1974), pp. 104 –5.
2.
LP
IV ii, 4858.
3. Ibid., 4875.
Chapter 36
1.
LP
IV ii, 4875;
CSP Sp
. III ii (1527–1529), p. 842.
2. Kelly,
Matrimonial Trials
, pp. 57–8, 62. G. de C. Parmiter,
The King's
Great Matter
(London, 1967), pp. 76 –8.
3. N. Pocock,
Records of the Reformation, the Divorce 1527–1533
, 2 vols. (Oxford, 1870), I, pp. 212–15;
CSP Sp
. III ii (1527–1529), pp. 789, 845.
4.
CSP Sp
. III ii (1527–1529), p. 854. This refers to the person Henry proposed to send as 'someone'; he is identified as Fitzwilliam by
CSP Sp
. III ii (1527–1529), p. 860 which describes him as 'King's treasurer' (i.e. Treasurer of the Household).
5.
LP
IV ii, 5053; iii, 5154, 5163, 5470; V, pp. 306, 308;
CSP Sp
. III ii (1527–1529), pp. 860, 877, 882, 884; Emden,
Biographical Register . . .
Oxford 1501–1540
, p. 1.
6.
LP
IV iii, 5283.
7. Ibid., 5154/ii, 5468.
8. Ibid., 5470 (
St. P.
VII, p. 161).