The American Way of Poverty: How the Other Half Still Lives (56 page)

     
and social programs, cuts in,
121

Obama administration,
7
,
99–100
,
196
,
260
,
270

O’Brien, Rourke,
220

Occupy Wall Street,
35–36
,
37

O’Connor, Alice,
34–35
,
68

Oklahoma,
106

Oligarchy,
8

Onek, David,
239–242

Open Society Foundation,
109–110
,
265

Opportunity,
53
,
185–187

Ortega, Francisco,
238–239

The Other America
(Harrington),
2–3
,
4
,
131
,
323

Packard Automotive Plant,
128

Page, JoAnne,
237–238

Paine, Tom,
70
,
256

Palin, Sarah,
39

Palmeri, Christopher,
102

Parker, Richard,
3
,
85
,
227–228
,
304
,
305

Paulson, Henry,
165

PBGC.
See
Pension Benefit Guarantee Corporation

PCFP.
See
Port Carbon Food Pantry

Pearce, Russell,
91–92
,
96

Pell Grants,
48
,
258
,
261–262
,
263
,
277
.
See also
Education

Penney, Brad,
196

Pension Benefit Guarantee Corporation (PBGC),
312–313

Pensions,
12
,
57–58
,
83–84
,
202
,
311–313
,
313–315

People’s Budget,
286–287

Pericles,
326–327

Perry, Rick,
181

PhilAbundance,
125–127
,
135

Philadelphia,
10

Picketty, Thomas,
33

Plutocracy,
34
,
54
,
327

Polanyi, Karl,
86
,
87
,
327

Political movements,
37

Pollin, Bob,
244

Pomona, California, Village Academy experimental high school,
20–22

Poo, Ai-Jen,
37
,
297

Poole, Patty,
49–50
,
51
,
226

Port Carbon Food Pantry (PCFP),
18–20

Pottsville, Pennsylvania,
18–20

Poverty

     
acceptance of,
34–35
,
38

     
assumptions about,
136–138

     
cycles of,
236–237
,
237–239
,
284
,
317–318

     
and deep poverty,
45
,
55
,
111

     
and denigration of the poor,
44

     
diversity of,
5–6

     
downplay of,
113

     
as evidence of a problem,
11–12

     
failure to address,
8–9
,
88–91

     
increase in,
4
,
9–10

     
loneliness of,
4
,
5

     
long-term and the new,
2–4

     
measuring,
204–205

     
regions/states with highest rates of,
54–55
,
131–132
(see also individual states and regions)

     
and resilience of the poor,
6

     
and revenue sources,
7

     
as social control mechanism,
8

     
and spending priorities,
102

     
and tragedy
vs
. scandal,
10–12

     
will to reform,
227–229
,
326–327

     
See also
Anti-poverty strategies
;
War on Poverty

Poverty, personal stories of,
18–20
,
22–24
,
27–28
,
28–29
,
321–323

     
and CalWORKs welfare program,
104–105

     
and child development account programs,
256–257

     
and children,
118–119
,
147–148

     
and criminal justice system,
239–242

     
and deep poverty,
111–113

     
and disability insurance,
124–125

     
and disability/ill health,
113–114
,
115–116

     
and drug addiction,
140–143
,
143–144

     
and dysfunction,
138–144

     
and economic security,
175–176

     
and education accounts,
257–260
,
262–263

     
and energy policy,
208–209

     
and food pantries,
55–56
,
124–125
,
125–127
,
184

     
and food stamp program,
48–49
,
125

     
and foster care,
268

     
and guaranteed income,
248–253

     
and healthcare,
56–57

     
and homelessness,
170–171

     
and immigration, illegal,
93
,
95–96

     
and Medicaid,
49–51
,
225–226
,
226–227

     
and micro-credit lending,
253–256

     
and migrant workers, undocumented,
187–191

     
and mortgage foreclosures,
59–61
,
168–173

     
and pensions,
58

     
and prisoner reentry program,
238–239

     
and schools,
20–22
,
242–244

     
and shanty towns,
170–171

     
and shelters,
170–171
,
252–253

     
in the South,
67–68
,
69

     
and student loan reform,
260–263

     
and taxes,
244–247
,
247–248

     
and transitional housing shelters,
252–253

     
and wages, low,
180–181
,
182–183

Power: A Radical View
(Lukes),
211

Powerlessness,
211–213

Pratt, Linda,
225–226

Prichard, Alabama,
58

Prisoner reentry program,
237–239
.
See also
Criminal justice system

Prokop, Luann,
19–20
,
313
,
321–322

The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism
(Weber),
64

Protests, against economic injustice,
35–38
.
See also
Occupy Wall Street

Providence, Rhode Island,
58
,
255

Public commons,
12

Public Works Administration,
302

Public Works Fund,
303
.
See also
Social insurance Public works programs,
301–304

Racism,
89–90

Rancho High School, North

     
Las Vegas,
60–61
,
146–147

Rapoport, Abby,
281

Ravitch, Diane,
280–281

Rawls, John,
31
,
288

Reagan, Ronald,
4
,
44
,
75
,
291

Rebuild the Dream
(Jones),
264

Reges, Thomas,
35

Regional development funds,
202–203

Religion,
64–66

Rent-subsidy programs,
145

Republicans, congressional,
113
,
149

     
and budget deficit, and safety net,
47–48

     
and the poor, denigration of,
44

     
and social programs, barriers to accessing,
135

     
and social programs, dismantling of,
103

     
See also
Conservatism/conservatives
;
individual members of Congress

Rhode Island,
58
,
106

Rhymes, Josephine P.,
306–307

Right to work,
177–178

Riis, Jacob,
94
,
96
,
323

Rizga, Kristina,
278

Roberts, Megan,
50–51

Romney, Mitt,
38–39
,
47
,
135
,
288

Roosevelt, Franklin,
54
,
72

Roosevelt, Teddy,
66
,
69
,
71–72

Roth, Dennis,
74

Rothstein, Jesse,
293–294
,
299
,
301

Rothstein, Richard,
206–208
,
275

Ryan, Paul,
39
,
120
,
262

S-CHIP.
See
State Children’s Health Insurance Program

Sacco, Gail,
170–171

Saez, Emmanuel,
33

Safety net,
46–48

     
fragility of,
98–99
,
99–101

     
funding for,
324–326

     
See also individual programs;
Social programs
;
Welfare

San Francisco,
256
,
279–280
,
298–299

Sanchez, Martha,
242–244

Santa Monica, California,
300

Santorum, Rick,
45–46
,
52
,
185
,
187

Schools,
20–22
,
60–61
,
146–148
,
242–244
,
283

     
and communities,
274–275
,
276
,
278–279
,
280
,
282

     
and school meals,
223–224

     
See also
Education

Schrag, Peter,
90–91

Securities and Exchange Commission,
247

The Shame of a Nation
(de Vincent and Stern),
77

Shanty towns,
170–171
.
See also
Shelters

Shelters,
20
,
40
,
100
,
145
,
169
,
170–171

     
transitional,
99
,
237
,
238
,
252–253

     
See also
Homelessness

Shipler, David,
30

Shurna, Ed,
100–101

Small Business

     
Administration,
253
,
254–255

SNAP.
See
Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program

So Rich, So Poor
(Edelman),
9

Social insurance,
12
,
71–72
.