The Burglary (98 page)

4
A retired agent:
Author confidential interview with agent who worked at Media FBI office at time of burglary.

5
He says Lewis:
Ungar,
FBI
, 487.

6
Hoover accepted:
“Media FBI Agent Is Suspended for 30 Days,”
Philadelphia Evening Bulletin
, March 26, 1971.

7
They organized a dinner:
“Testimonial Dinner Planned for Transferred FBI Agent,”
Philadelphia Evening Bulletin
, April 9, 1971.

8
“Hoover was enraged”:
Felt,
The FBI Pyramid
, 92.

9
when Hoover learned:
Jeremiah O'Leary, “Hoover, Angered by Theft, to Shut Small Offices,”
Washington Star
, April 13, 1971.

10
Only a very few:
Theoharis,
From the Secret Files
, 1–11. In this introduction, Theoharis provides a summary of the elaborate and complicated methods Hoover used to keep his files secret.

11
Prior to March
1971
: Gentry,
J. Edgar Hoover
, 367–75. Ungar,
FBI
, 370. Alan Barth, “The Judith Coplon Case and the Embarrassed FBI: Bureau Lost Some Files 22 Years Ago,” April 20, 1971.

12
He even suggested:
“U.S. Says It May Drop Coplon Trial If Judge Orders ‘Vital Secrets' Told,”
New York Times
, June 4, 1949.

13
When that threat:
Gentry,
J. Edgar Hoover
, 370.

14
It is believed to be:
“FBI Head Reported to Have Resigned,”
New York Times
, June 15, 1949.

15
The prosecutor complied:
“Clark Backs FBI in Coplon Case but He ‘Regrets' Use of Reports,”
New York Times,
July 2, 1949.

16
Compared to the:
“Film ‘Communists' Listed in FBI file in Coplon Spy Case,”
New York Times
, June 9, 1949. Cabell Phillips, “Activities of the FBI Come Under Scrutiny,”
New York Times
, June 19, 1949.

17
“dossiers being laid out”:
Phillips, “Activities of the FBI.”

18
In the unanimous opinion:
United States v. Coplon
, United States Court of Appeals Second Circuit, 185 F.2d. 629 (2d Cir. 1950).

19
The illegalities included:
Charles Grutzner, “Coplon Wire-Taps Denied, Admitted: F.B.I. Witness First Disclaims Awarenesfs, Then Tells of Destroying Reports,”
New York Times
, December 23, 1949.

20
Despite Hoover's humiliation:
Gentry,
J. Edgar Hoover
, 373.

21
Finally, in an unusual:
Sidney E. Zion, “U.S. Drops Charges in Coplon Spy Case,”
New York Times
, January 7, 1967.

22
But in light of:
Gentry,
J. Edgar Hoover
, 373–75. Theoharis and Cox,
The Boss
, 257–61.

23
When the National Lawyers Guild:
Gentry,
J. Edgar Hoover
, 370.

24
Agents were especially interested:
Barry Wingard, “The Trial of the Flower City Conspiracy,”
Harvard Crimson
, December 2, 1970. “Flower City Eight Convicted, Sentenced,”
Harvard Crimson
, December 4, 1970.

25
The FBI had helped prepare:
Richard Halloran, “Aide to Mitchell Opposes Any Curb on Surveillance,”
New York Times
, March 10, 1971. “Can Government Investigate Anyone?,”
Washington Post
, March 12, 1971. Spencer Rich, “Rehnquist Civil Liberties Stance Eyed,”
Washington Post
, October 26, 1971. Charns,
Cloak and Gavel
, 187n7. Neier,
Dossier
, 155–56.

26
Rehnquist's claim:
Tom Wicker, “The Goat and the Cabbage Patch,”
New York Times
, March 11, 1971.

1
Four days after:
Mary McGrory, “Kissinger Meets Plotters,”
Washington Star,
March 12, 1971.

2
The
Delaware County Daily Times
: “Davidon Unveils Plot Against the FBI,”
Delaware County Daily Times
, March 12, 1971.

3
Reluctantly, the director:
Ungar,
FBI
, 488.

4
This unusual security arrangement:
Author interview with Jack Ryan, former FBI agent, in Peoria, Illinois.

1
The bureau needed:
Interview of Terry Neist, FBI agent, by Sam Green.

2
At bureau headquarters:
Ken Clawson, “Stolen FBI Reports Sent to McGovern, Rep. Mitchell,”
Washington Post
, March 23, 1971.

3
The story was distributed:
Betty Medsger and Ken Clawson, “Stolen Documents Describe FBI Surveillance Activities,”
Washington Post
, March 24, 1971.

4
The same day:
“Mitchell Issues Plea on F.B.I. Files: Asks Press Not to Publish Date on Stolen Papers,”
New York Times
, March 24, 1971.

5
As Nelson revealed:
Nelson,
Scoop
, 156–60. Nelson died in 2009 before he finished his memoir; it was completed in 2013 by his wife, journalist Barbara Matusow.

6
In
2011
, the
Times
: Richard A. Serrano, “An FBI Director with a Grudge,”
Los Angeles Times
, November 6, 2011. In this story Serrano reports that Nelson's FBI file, received by the
Times
through an FOIA request, revealed that during 1970 and 1971 Hoover conducted a campaign to get the
Times
to fire Nelson. The director claimed he had been told Nelson was going to write a story saying the director was a homosexual. Nelson, in response to an editor's request, wrote a statement that was sent to Hoover in which he strongly denied ever suggesting Hoover was a homosexual. At that time, Hoover was angry with Nelson because of the book he and then
Charlotte Observer
journalist
Jack Bass recently had written about the role of FBI agents in the
Orangeburg Massacre, when three black students were killed by the gunfire of state highway patrolmen on the campus of South Carolina State College in Orangeburg. Nelson and Bass reported that
three FBI agents watched state troopers fire on black students but later denied they were present.

7
In
2013
, Graham:
Author interview with Fred Graham, April 2013.

1
In an editorial:
“What Is the FBI Up To?,”
Washington Post
, March 25, 1971. “Congress and the FBI,”
Washington Post
, April 12, 1971.

2
“are questions too fundamental”:
“How Much Do We Really Know About the Work of the FBI?,”
Philadelphia Inquirer
, March 28, 1971.

3
“Little confidence”:
“Policies of Paranoia,”
New York Times
, March 29, 1971.

4
Not everyone thought:
“Letters to the Editor, the Stolen FBI Documents and the Story About Them,”
Washington Post
, March 31, 1971.

5
“The quick succession”:
Christopher Lydon, “Ervin Rules Out Inquiry into F.B.I. Now,”
New York Times
, April 19, 1971.

6
The most visible FISUR techniques:
Ungar,
FBI
, 489–90.

7
They continued to look like:
Donald M. Janson, “Theft of Documents,”
New York Times
, March 12, 1972.

8
“Your FBI in Action”:
Donald M. Janson, “Philadelphia Fair ‘Exposes' F.B.I.: Angry Powelton Residents Satirize Agents in Area,”
New York Times
, June 6, 1971. Joe Sharkey, “Powelton ‘Tribute' to FBI Puts Emphasis on Exposure,”
Philadelphia Inquirer
, June 6, 1971.

9
In addition to finding:
Ungar,
FBI
, 490.

10
It had all started:
Laurence Stern, “FBI Records Dispute Stand by Kissinger,”
Washington Post
, June 12, 1974.

11
If there was an investigation:
Gentry,
J. Edgar Hoover
, 679. Liddy,
Will
, 215.

12
Within two hours:
“Justice Dept. Asks Hill Inquiry on FBI,”
Washington Post
, April 8, 1971. Robert M. Smith, “Kleindienst Assails Boggs; Invites Inquiry into F.B.I.,”
New York Times
, April 8, 1971. “Kleindienst Modifies Suggestion Congress Investigate the F.B.I.,”
New York Times
, April 9, 1971.

13
Failing to convince:
Schwarz and Huq,
Unchecked and Unbalanced
, 18.

14
On March
25,
1971
: “CIA Domestic Activities,” March 25, 1971, MORI DocID: 1451843, CIA Family Jewels, National Security Archive.

15
When written responses:
Ibid.

16
One official:
Thomas H. Karamessines, “Meeting with MAG Group,” December 21, 1971, MORI DocID: 1451843, CIA Family Jewels, National Security Archive.

17
Less than a month later:
Richard Halloran, “Rare Speech Discloses Some Russians Aided U.S. in Cuban Crisis,”
New York Times
, April 15, 1971.

18
Helms, in the only:
Richard Halloran, “Helms Defends the C.I.A. as Vital to a Free Society,”
New York Times
, April 15, 1971. “Excerpts from Speech by Helms to Society of Newspaper Editors,”
New York Times
, April 15, 1971.

19
A few months later:
W. E. Colby, attachment to letter from “CIA Activities in the United States,” April 21, 1972, MORI DocID: 1451843, CIA Family Jewels, National Security Archive.

20
The CIA had been conducting:
Schwarz and Huq,
Unchecked and Unbalanced
, 37–43.

21
Six months after:
“CIA Domestic Activities,” November 1971, MORI DocID: 1451843, CIA Family Jewels, National Security Archive.

22
Like Hoover's need:
Mackenzie and Weir,
Secrets
, 48.

23
Henceforth, Colby wrote:
Ibid., 49.

24
After years of:
Richard Helms, oral history, conducted February 2 and March 15, 1988, CIA Oral History Program,
https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/vol51no3/reflections-of-dci-colby-and-helms-on-the-cia2019s-201ctime-of-troubles201d.html
.

1
“It was like”:
Anthony Giacchino interview of Terry Neist,
Camden
28
documentary script, 24.

2
However, when a new:
Donner,
The Age of Surveillance
, 90. “Indictment in a Bizarre ‘Plot,' ”
New York Times
, May 2, 1971.

3
Scholarly papers:
Watters and Gillers, eds.,
Investigating the FBI
. This book is a collection of the papers and discussions presented at Princeton's Conference on the FBI.

4
One of the people:
Alan Brinkley, “Dreams of a G-Man,”
New York Review of Books
, April 23, 1987.

5
At such times:
Author interview with lawyer David Kairys. About whether people in the peace movement thought Grady was involved in Media, he said, “I agree that Grady did, often by silence and smiles, let others think he did Media. He left that impression on me.” A Camden defendant, Bob Good, said in an October 2009 email exchange with the author, “I also only received a smile whenever I would try to ask any more about it.…I have always understood that John was the prime mover behind it, but it is honestly only my understanding.…I have never heard any direct accounting.”

1
More than anything:
William Greider, “Analysis of Stolen FBI Documents Provides Glimpse of Bureau at Work,”
Washington Post
, July 4, 1971.

2
It was learned:
Nicholas M. Horrock, “N.A.A.C.P. Checked 25 Years by the F.B.I.: No Illegal Activities Found—Women's Movement Also Monitored by the Bureau,”
New York Times
, April 29, 1976.

3
The young agent:
Schott,
No Left Turns
, 36. Actually, it has been said that the director had the same antipathy to pear-shaped heads that he had to pinheads. Schott describes the dismissal of a new agent with a pinhead.

4
Weight requirements:
Ungar,
FBI
, 266.

5
He unpacked:
Author conversation with Don Oberdorfer. Gentry,
J. Edgar Hoover
, 663.