The Genius of America (31 page)

Sherr
Sherr, Lynn.
Failure Is Impossible: Susan B. Anthony in Her Own Words.
New York: Random House, 1995.

Sirica
Sirica, John, J.
To Set the Record Straight: The Break-in, the Tapes, the Conspirators, the Pardon.
New York: Signet Books, 1979.

SJC
Carter, Jimmy. “Crisis of Confidence.” Speech delivered via television July 15, 1979.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/carter/filmmore/ps_crisis.html
(accessed April 26, 2007). Madison, James. Speech to the House of Representatives on the “Proposed Amendments to the Constitution,” June 8, 1789.
http://www.let.rug.nl/~usa/P/jm4/speeches/amend.htm
(accessed April 7, 2007).

SJM
Wilson, James. Speech to the Pennsylvania Convention, November 24, 1787.
http://teachingamericanhistory.org/library/index.asp?document=1714
(accessed April 7, 2007).

SJW

SMLK
King, Martin Luther, Jr. “I Have a Dream.” Speech delivered at the Lincoln Memorial, August 28, 1963.
http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm
(accessed April 20, 2007).

SPH
Henry, Patrick. “Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death.” Speech delivered before the Virginia House of Burgesses, March 23, 1775.
http://www.bartleby.com/268/8/13.html
(accessed April 24, 2007).

SRN I
Nixon, Richard. “Acceptance of the Republican Party Nomination for President.” August 8, 1968.
http://www.watergate.info/nixon/acceptance-speech-1968.shtml
(accessed April 30, 2007).

SRN II
Nixon, Richard. “Annual Message to Congress on the State of the Union.” January 22, 1970.
http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=2921
(accessed April 30, 2007).

SRN III
Nixon, Richard. “President Nixon's Resignation Speech.” August 8, 1974.
http://www.pbs.org/newshour/character/links/nixon_speech.html
(accessed April 15, 2007).

Stone
Stone, Geoffrey R.
Perilous Times: Free Speech in Wartime, From the Sedition Act of 1789 to the War on Terrorism.
New York: Norton, 2004.

Suarez
Suarez, Ray.
The Holy Vote: The Politics of Faith in America
. New York: Rayo, 2006.

Sunstein
Sunstein, Cass R.
The Second Bill of Rights: FDR's Unfinished Resolution and Why We Need It More Than Ever
. New York: Basic Books, 2004.

SZ
Szatmary, David P.
Shays' Rebellion: The Making of an Agrarian Insurrection
. Boston: University of Massachusetts Press, 1984.

TFC
Farrand, Max.
The Framing of the Constitution of the United States.
London: Yale University Press, 1913.

TJA
Jefferson, Thomas. “First Inaugural Address.” March 4, 1801.
http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/presiden/inaug/jefinau1.htm
(accessed April 21, 2007).

TM I
“Is Government Dead?”
Time
, October 23, 1989.
http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,958814,00.html
(accessed April 22, 2007).

TM II
“Sound and Fury over Taxes.”
Time
, June 19, 1978.
http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,919742,00.html
(accessed April 22, 2007).

TM III
“Time for Healing.”
Time,
August 19, 1974.
http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,942967,00.html
(accessed April 15, 2007).

U.S. Const.
The Constitution of the United States of America. 1787.

VRC I
“Virginia Ratifying Convention: June 5, 1788.” The Constitution Society.
http://www.constitution.org/rc/rat_va_04.htm
(accessed Nov. 11, 2006).

VRC II
“Virginia Ratifying Convention: June 27, 1788.” The Constitution Society.
http://www.constitution.org/rc/rat_va_23.htm
(accessed April 7, 2007).

WAH
Hamilton, Alexander.
The Works of Alexander Hamilton: Comprising His Correspondence, and His Political and Official Writings, Exclusive of the Federalist, Civil and Military
. Edited by John C. Hamilton. New York: Charles S. Francis, 1851.

Ward
Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns.
Not for Ourselves Alone: The Story of Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony.
New York: Knopf, 1999.

Washington
Washington, George.
The Writings of George Washington: Being His Correspondence, Addresses, Messages, and Other Papers Official and Private, Selected and Published from the Original Manuscripts; With a Life of the Author, Notes, and Illustrations
. Edited by Jared Sparks. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1848.

Wheeler
Paine, Thomas.
The Life and Writings of Thomas Paine
. Edited by Daniel Edwin Wheeler and Thomas Clio Rickman. New York: V. Parke, 1908.

Wilentz
Wilentz, Sean.
The Rise of American Democracy: Jefferson to Lincoln.
New York: Norton, 2005.

Wilson
Wilson, Woodrow.
Congressional Government: A Study in American Politics
. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1981.

Wood I
Wood, Gordon S.
The Confederation and the Constitution: The Critical Issues
. Lanham: University Press of America, 1979.

Wood II
Wood, Gordon S.
The Creation of the American Republic, 1776
–
1787
. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1969.

WP
Bernstein, Adam. “Consummate Lawyer Played Array of Roles.”
Washington Post,
May 9, 2005.

Writings
Rakove, N. Jack.
Madison: Writings
. New York: Literary Classics of the United States, 1999.

NOTES

Introduction: An Extraordinary Accomplishment

1 “America! America! God”: Bates, p. 3.

3 “a blank sheet”: Wheeler, p. 243.

3 “We have probably”: LWJ.

4 “If men were angels”: Federalist 51.

5 “conflict within consensus”: Kammen, p. 29.

6 “defined by blood”: Suarez, p. 2.

6 “more than any other leading democracy”: Bok, p. 397.

6 “Our conviction about American greatness”: Bennett, p. xiii.

6 “that the founders”: Kammen, p. 398.

8 “We had slavery”: SAL I.

10 “as too complex”: Wilson, p. 57.

11 “A republic, madam, if ”: Farrand III, p. 85.

11 “Liberty lies in the hearts”: Hand, p. 190.

15 “Whatever its merits”: FA, p. 127.

15 “an unqualified complaisance”: Federalist 71.

15 “the growth of a politics”: Frohnmayer, pp. 16–19.

17 “devised the most miraculous political document”: Bennett, p. xiv.

1. The More Fatal Problem Lies Among the
People Themselves

21 “A
people
is traveling”: L-XII.

21 “Experience has taught us”: LWJ.

23 “But what is government”: Federalist 51.

23 “one of the great utopian movements”: Wood II, p. 54.

24 “When virtue is”: Montesquieu, pp. 118–19.

24 “a quarrelsome, litigious, divisive lot”: Morgan, p. 4.

24 “almost as regularly”: Ibid.

25 “Were these colonies”: Ibid., p. 5.

25 “tameness and supineness”: L-X.

26 He certainly is”: L-I.

27–28 “My Dear Countrymen”: L-XII.

28 “Cancer . . . too deeply rooted”: Middlekauff, p. 313.

28–29 “We shall liberate”: Ibid., p. 245.

29 “a leap in the dark”: Ferling, p. 167.

29 “We have it”: PCS, p. 51.

29 “Youth is the seed time”: Ibid., p. 40.

31 “breathtaking boldness . . . separation”: LWTP, p. 2.

32 “We are young”: PCS, p. 40.

32 “Here Governments their last perfection take”: Wood II, p. 55.

32 “Would any Man”: Ibid., p. 92.

32–33 “If there is”: Ibid., p. 119.

33 “A spirit of Liberty”: Ibid., p. 102.

33 “sensible, hard-working, independent folk”: Bailyn II, p. 44.

33 “A firm adherence”: PCDR, Article XIV.

33 “As the possibility”: Wood II, p. 102.

34 “necessary evil . . . restraining our vices”: PCS, p. 3.

34 “The more simple”: Ibid., p. 5.

34 “occasion delay”: LHM.

34 “danger of an abuse”: Ibid.

35 “confidence that the justice”: Rakove II, p. 25.

35–36 “The Articles contained”: Rakove I, pp. 172–73.

36 “that tried men's souls”: LWTP, p. 50.

36 “Out of a population”: KY, p. 8.

36 “A country overflowing”: Ibid., p. 9.

36 “I wish I could say”: Martin, p. vii.

37–38 “While we lay here”: Ibid., pp. 87–89.

41 “regulators . . . moderating government”: SZ, p. 56.

42 “Who can determine”: Federalist 21.

42 “Leave them to themselves”: Ketcham, p. 186.

42 “regal powers”: SZ, p. 82.

42 “groaning under the intolerable burden”: East, p. 85.

42 “mistrust, the breakdown”: Wood II, p. 476.

43 “mistaken . . . sound policy”: Writings, p. 72.

43 “We have probably”: LWJ.

44 “Men love power” NDFC, pp.131–35.

44 “more fatal . . . lies”: Writings, p. 76.

44 “Experience has taught us”: LWJ.

44 “It is a just observation”: Federalist 71.

44 “Most men indeed”: Berkin, p. 163.

44 “united and actuated”: Federalist 10.

45 “So strong is”: Ibid.

45 “inflamed . . . with mutual animosity”: Ibid.

45 “mortified . . . dissipation . . . excessive jealousy . . . clashing interests”: Price, p. 151.

46 “What astonishing changes”: LWJ.

46 “It is evident”: Federalist 39.

46 “The citizens of the United States”: SJW.

46–47 “The American war”: Bailyn IV, p. 230.

47 “a republican remedy”: Federalist 10.

2. Approaching So Near to Perfection as
It Does

48 “Is it not time”: Federalist 6.

49 “approaching so near to perfection”: Farrand II, p. 642.

50 “Is it now time”: Federalist 6.

51 “the other inhabitants”: Ibid.

51 “ideas so different”: LFD.

51 “mutual concessions and sacrifices”: Elliot I, pp. 419–20.

51 “to secure the public good”: Federalist 10.

51 “it must do harm”: Ketcham, p. 190.

51–52 “Wise measures . . . to avert”: LWJ.

52 “There is no maxim”: Ketcham, p. 181.

52 “It is much more”: Wood II, p. 413.

53 “true history of the making”: Kammen, p. 184.

53 “I chose a seat”: Koch, p. 17.

54 “the profound politician”: Farrand III, p. 94.

54 “truth and lessons”: Koch, p. xxii.

55 “Where we see”: Ketcham, p. 184.

55 “The treasures of knowledge”: Wood I, p. 16.

55 “expressed a doubt”: Farrand I, p. 34.

56 “pivot”: Federalist 63.

56 “the executive and judicial powers”: Wood II, p. 598.

56 “The separation of this governmental power”: Ibid., p. 608.

56–57 “policy of supplying”: Federalist 51.

57 “ambition must be made”: Ibid.

57 “In republican government”: Ibid.

58 “small territory . . . in a large republic”: Montesquieu, p. 176.

58 “thousand views”: Ibid.

59 “In the extended Republic”: Federalist 51.

59 “Temporising applications will dishonor”: LMW II.

60 “different from each other”: LWL.

60 “On the need”: Berkin, p. 71.

60 “It was axiomatic”: Brant, p. 11.

61 “Mr. Randolph opened”: Farrand I, pp. 18–19.

61 “his regret . . . open the great subject”: Ibid., p. 18.

62 “It is altogether possible”: TFC, p. 89.

62 “contained no remedy”: Farrand I, p. 319.

65 “As the States”: Ibid., p. 196.

65 “If political Societies”: Ibid., p. 491.

65 “what advantage the greater States”: Ibid., p. 198.

66 “Mr. Sherman . . . admitted”: Ibid., p. 35.

66 “national Legislature”: Ibid., p. 192.

67 “information and are”: Ibid., p. 48.

67 “the number of Representatives”: Ibid., p. 197.

67 “that a question”: Ibid., p. 201.

67 “at the existence”: Ibid., pp. 177–79.

68 “It has given me”: Ibid., p. 197.

68 “the muster rolls”: Ibid., p. 497.

68 “lamented . . . instead of coming here”: Ibid., p. 467.

68 “fate of America”: TFC, p. 94.

69 “that a rupture”: Farrand I, p. 462.

69 “the same causes”: Ibid., p. 464.

69 “that some good plan”: Ibid., p. 463.

70 “We were partly national”: Ibid., p. 468.

70 “We are now”: Ibid., p. 511.

70 “to take into consideration”: Ibid., p. 517.

70 “that in the second Branch”: Ibid., p. 524.

71 “the vote of this morning”: Farrand II, pp. 17–18.

71 “no good government”: Ibid., p. 20.

71 “Others . . . seemed inclined”: Ibid., p. 20.

72 “double security . . . the rights”: Federalist 51.

72 “This subject . . . the most difficult”: Farrand II, p. 501.

72 “One great object”: Ibid., p. 52.

72 “omnipotent . . . If no effectual check”: Ibid., p. 35.

73 “with for and against”: Ibid., pp. 191–92.

73 “may have been circulating rumors”: TFC, p. 175.

73 “If he ought”: Farrand II, pp. 54–55.

73 “The sense of the Nation”: Ibid., p. 29.

73 “It would be as unnatural”: Ibid., p. 31.

74 “the work of intrigue”: Ibid., p. 29.

74 “he who has proved himself ”: Ibid., p. 55.

74 “will never fail”: Ibid., p. 29.

74 “In every Stage”: Ibid., pp. 118–19.

75 “the danger of intrigue”: Ibid., p. 500.