The Guns of August (77 page)

———,
Field Marshal Sir Henry Wilson: His Life and Diaries,
Vol. I, New York, Scribner’s, 1927. All quotations in the text from Wilson’s Diaries are from this book, referred to in the Notes as “Wilson.”

C
HAMBERLAIN
, S
IR
A
USTEN
,
Down the Years,
London, Cassell, 1935.

C
HARTERIS
, B
RIGADIER
-G
ENERAL
J
OHN
,
At GHQ,
London, Cassell, 1931.

C
HILDS
, M
AJOR
-G
ENERAL
S
IR
W
YNDHAM
,
Episodes and Reflections,
London, Cassell, 1930.

C
HURCHILL
, S
IR
W
INSTON
,
The World Crisis,
Vol. 1,
1911–1914,
New York, Scribner’s, 1928. This is the single most important book among English sources by a person holding key office at the outbreak. Further comment in Notes to Chapter 10. All references to Churchill in the Notes are to this book unless otherwise specified.

———,
The Aftermath,
Vol. 4 of
The World Crisis,
New York, Scribner’s, 1929.

———,
Great Contemporaries,
New York, Putnam’s, 1937.

C
ORBETT-
S
MITH
, M
AJOR
A. (artillery officer in Smith-Dorrien’s Corps),
The Retreat from Mons,
London, Cassell, 1917.

C
UST
, S
IR
L
IONEL
,
King Edward and His Court: Some Reminiscences,
London, Murray, 1930.

C
USTANCE
, A
DMIRAL
S
IR
R
EGINALD
,
A Study of War,
London, Constable, 1924.

D
UGDALE
, B
LANCHE
E. C.,
Arthur James Balfour,
2 vols., New York, Putnam, 1937.

E
SHER
, R
EGINALD
, V
ISCOUNT
,
The Influence of King Edward and Other Essays,
London, Murray, 1915.

———,
The Tragedy of Lord Kitchener,
New York, Dutton, 1921.

———,
Journals and Letters,
Vol. 3,
1910–15,
London, Nicolson & Watson, 1938.

F
ISHER
, A
DMIRAL OF THE
F
LEET
, L
ORD
,
Memories,
London, Hodder and Stoughton, 1919.

———,
Fear God and Dread Nought: Correspondence of Admiral of the Fleet Lord Fisher of Kilverstone,
3 vols., ed. Arthur J. Marder, London, Cape, 1952–56–59.

F
RENCH
, F
IELD
M
ARSHAL
V
ISCOUNT
,
OF
Y
PRES
,
1914,
Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1919. The weight of animus and selective omissions in Sir John French’s account makes it impossible to use this record as a reliable source for anything but the author’s character.

G
ARDINER
, A. G.,
The War Lords,
London, Dent, 1915.

G
REY
, V
ISCOUNT
,
OF
F
ALLODON
,
Twenty-Five Years,
2 vols., London, Hodder & Stoughton, 1925.

H
ALDANE
, R
ICHARD
B
URDON
, V
ISCOUNT
,
An Autobiography,
New York, Doubleday, Doran, 1929. All references are to this book unless otherwise specified.

———,
Before the War,
New York, Funk & Wagnalls, 1920.

H
AMILTON
, C
APTAIN
E
RNEST
W. (Captain of 11th Hussars in Allenby’s Cavalry Division),
The First Seven Divisions,
New York, Dutton, 1916.

H
URD
, S
IR
A
RCHIBALD
,
The German Fleet,
London, Hodder & Stoughton, 1915.

———,
The British Fleet in the Great War,
London, Constable. 1919.

J
ELLICOE
, A
DMIRAL
V
ISCOUNT
,
The Grand Fleet,
1914–16, New York, Doran, 1919.

K
ENWORTHY
, J. M. (Lord Strabolgi),
Soldiers, Statesmen and Others,
London, Rich & Cowen, 1933.

L
EE
, S
IR
S
IDNEY
,
King Edward VII,
2 vols., New York, Macmillan, 1925–27.

L
LOYD
G
EORGE
, D
AVID
,
War Memoirs,
Vol. I, Boston, Little, Brown, 1933.

M
ACREADY
, G
ENERAL
S
IR
N
EVIL
(Adjutant-General in the BEF),
Annals of an Active Life,
Vol. I., London, Hutchinson, n.d.

M
ACDONAGH
, M
ICHAEL
,
In London During the Great War: Diary of a Journalist,
London, Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1935.

M
AGNUS
, S
IR
P
HILIP
,
Kitchener,
New York, Dutton, 1959.

M
AURICE
, M
AJOR
-G
ENERAL
S
IR
F
REDERICK
(staff officer of BEF, 3rd Division, August, 1914)
Forty Days in 1914,
New York, Doran, 1919.

M
CKENNA
, S
TEPHEN
,
While I Remember,
New York, Doran, 1921.

M
ILNE
, A
DMIRAL
S
IR
A
RCHIBALD
B
ERKELEY
,
The Flight of the Goeben and the Breslau,
London, Eveleigh Nash, 1921.

M
ORLEY
, J
OHN
, V
ISCOUNT
,
Memorandum on Resignation,
New York, Macmillan, 1928.

N
EWTON
, T
HOMAS
, L
ORD
,
Lord Lansdowne,
London, Macmillan, 1929.

N
ICOLSON
, H
AROLD
,
King George the Fifth,
London, Constable, 1952.

———,
Portrait of a Diplomatist: Being the Life of Sir Arthur Nicolson, First Lord Carnock,
Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1930.

P
EEL
, M
RS
. C. S.,
How We Lived Then, 1914–18,
London, John Lane, 1929.

R
EPINGTON
, L
T
. C
OL
. C
HARLES
à
C
OURT
,
The First World War, 1914–18,
Vol. I, Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1920.

R
OBERTSON
, F
IELD
M
ARSHAL
S
IR
W
ILLIAM
,
From Private to Field Marshal,
Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1921.

———,
Soldiers and Statesmen, 1914–18,
Vol. I, New York, Scribner’s, 1926.

S
HAW
, G
EORGE
B
ERNARD
,
What I Really Wrote About the War,
New York, Brentano’s, 1932.

S
MITH
-D
ORRIEN
, G
ENERAL
S
IR
H
ORACE
,
Memories of 48 Years’ Service,
London, Murray, 1925.

S
PEARS
, B
RIG
.-G
EN
. E
DWARD
L.,
Liaison, 1914: A Narrative of the Great Retreat,
New York, Doubleday, Doran, 1931. A spirited, colorful and brilliantly written memoir of war, fascinating in its richness of detail, this is by far the most interesting book in English on the opening campaign in France. When the author’s personal prejudices become involved he exercises a certain freedom in manipulating the facts. See Notes to Chapters 15 and 22.

S
TEED
, W
ICKHAM
H. (Foreign Editor of
The Times
),
Through Thirty Years,
New York, Doubleday, Doran, 1929.

T
REVELYAN
, G
EORGE
M
ACAULAY
,
Grey of Fallodon,
Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1937.

W
ILSON
, G
ENERAL
S
IR
H
ENRY
, see C
ALLWELL
.

On France

A
DAM
, H. P
EARL
,
Paris Sees It Through: A Diary, 1914–19,
London, Hodder & Stoughton, 1919.

A
LLARD
, P
AUL
,
Les Généraux Limogés pendant la guerre,
Paris, Editions de France, 1933.

B
IENAIMÉ
, A
DMIRAL
A
MADÉE
,
La Guerre navale: fautes et responsabilités,
Paris, Taillander, 1920.

B
RUUN
, G
EOFFREY
,
Clemenceau,
Cambridge, Harvard, 1943.

C
HARBONNEAU
, C
OL
. J
EAN
,
La Bataille des frontières,
Paris, Lavanzelle, 1932.

C
HEVALIER
, J
ACQUES
,
Entretiens avec Bergson,
Paris, Plon, 1959.

C
LERGERIE
, G
ÉNÉRAL
(Chief of Staff of GMP),
Le Rôle du Gouvernement Militaire de Paris, du 1er au 12 Septembre, 1914, Paris,
Berger-Levrault, 1920.

C
ORDAY
, M
ICHEL
,
The Paris Front,
tr., New York, Dutton, 1934.

D
EMAZES
, G
ÉNÉRAL
,
Joffre, la victoire du caractère,
Paris, Nouvelles Editions Latines, 1955.

D
UBAIL
, G
ÉNÉRAL
A
UGUSTIN
,
Quatres années de commandement, 1914–18: Journal de Campagne,
Tome I, 1ere
Armée,
Paris, Fournier, 1920.

D
UPONT
, G
ÉNÉRAL
C
HARLES
(Chief of Deuxième Bureau in 1914),
Le Haut Commandement allemand en 1914: du point de vue allemand,
Paris, Chapelot, 1922.

E
NGERAND
, F
ERNAND
(deputy from Calvados and
rapporteur
of the Briey Commission of Inquiry),
La Bataille de la frontière, Aôut, 1914: Briey,
Paris, Brossard, 1920.

———,
Le Secret de la frontière, 1815–1871–1914; Charleroi,
Paris, Brossard, 1918. All references in Notes are to this book unless otherwise specified.

———,
Lanrezac,
Paris, Brossard, 1926.

F
OCH
, M
ARSHAL
F
ERDINAND
, Memoirs, tr. Col. T. Bentley Mott, New York, Doubleday, Doran, 1931.

G
ALLIENI
, G
ÉNÉRAL
,
MÉmoires: défense du Paris, 25 Aôut-11 Septembre, 1914,
Paris, Payot, 1920.

———,
Les Carnets de Gallieni,
eds. Gaetan Gallieni & P. B. Gheusi, Paris, Michel, 1932.

———,
Gallieni Parle,
eds. Marius-Ary et Leblond, Paris, Michel, 1920. Gallieni died in 1916 before he had completed a finished version of his memoirs. They were supplemented by the
Notebooks,
edited by his son and a former aide, and by the
Conversations,
edited by his former secretaries.

G
AULLE
, G
ÉNÉRAL
C
HARLES DE
,
La France et son armée,
Paris, Plon, 1938.

G
IBBONS
, H
ERBERT
A
DAMS
,
Paris Reborn,
New York, Century, 1915.

G
IRAUD
, V
ICTOR
,
Le Général de Castelnau,
Paris, Cres, 1921.

G
RASSET
, C
OLONEL
A.,
La Bataille des deux Morins: Franchet d’Esperey à la Marne, 6–9 Septembre, 1914,
Paris, Payot, 1934.

G
ROUARD
, L
T
.-C
OL
. A
UGUSTE
,
La Guerre éventuelle: France et Allemagne,
Paris, Chapelot, 1913.

———,
La Conduite de la guerre jusqu’à la bataille de la Marne,
Paris, Chapelot, 1922.

G
UARD
, W
ILLIAM
J.,
The Soul of Paris—Two Months in 1914 by an American Newspaperman,
New York, Sun Publishing Co., 1914.

H
ANOTAUX
, G
ABRIEL
,
Histoire illustrée de la guerre de 1914,
17 vols., Paris, 1916. Especially useful for its excerpts from French and captured German officers’ war diaries.

H
IRSCHAUER
, G
ÉNÉRAL
, and K
LÉIN
, G
ÉNÉRAL
(Chief and Deputy Chief of Engineers of Military Government of Paris in 1914),
Paris en état de défense,
Paris, Payot, 1927.

H
UDDLESTON
, S
ISLEY
,
Poincaré. A Biographical Portrait,
Boston, Little, Brown, 1924.

H
UGUET
, G
ENERAL
A.,
Britain and the War: a French Indictment,
London, Cassell, 1928. The bitterness, which tarnishes the value of Huguet’s record, is openly expressed in the title.

I
SAAC
, J
ULES
,
Joffre et Lanrezac,
Paris, Chiron, 1922.

———, “L’Utilisation des reserves en 1914,”
Revue d’Histoire de la Guerre,
1924, pp. 316–337.

J
OFFRE
, M
ARSHAL
J
OSEPH
J. C.,
Memoirs,
Vol. I, tr. Col. T. Bentley Mott, New York, Harper’s, 1932. Not a book of personal memoirs, but devoted entirely to the conduct of the war, this is by far the most complete and thorough of the records of any of the major commanders—but it is not Joffre. Compared to his characteristically opaque testimony at the Briey hearings, this is lucid, precise, detailed, explanatory, and comprehensible. It shows every evidence of having been written by a devoted staff working from the official records and suffering from perhaps excessive zeal to make the Commander appear the fount and origin of all decisions. On every page he is made to say such statements as, “The conception which I caused to be set down in Col. Pont’s memorandum” (228). Nevertheless, with useful sketch maps and in an admirable translation, this is an essential source, if checked against other accounts.