Read The Law Under the Swastika Online
Authors: Michael Stolleis
Tags: #History, #Europe, #Germany, #Law, #Administrative Law, #Legal History, #Perspectives on Law
judges,
xii
; appointed rather than elected,
132–33
; and de-Nazification,
3
; and ideology,
15
; independence,
161
; in National Socialist regime,
2–3
; protected by postwar government,
162–63
; punished by Soviets,
246n.37
; in Weimar Republic,
2
,
15
; writings on National Socialism,
27–28
,
32–35
,
145–53
judicial review,
14
,
16
,
134–35
,
141
,
150
,
181
judicial system,
14–15
; rebuilt by Allies,
167–84
Jugendschutzgesetz,
17
Jung, Edgar,
93
Justi, G. H. G. von,
94
Kaisenberg, Georg,
104
Kantorowicz, H.,
89
Kaufmann, Erich,
13
,
89
,
96
,
100
,
104
; writings,
90–91
Kelsen, Hans,
13
,
75
,
89
,
93
,
96
,
100
; writings,
90
,
95
Kempski, Jürgen von,
52
Kiel School,
59
Kiesinger, K. G.,
101
Kirchberg, Christian,
138
Koellreutter, Otto,
13
,
75
,
88
,
100
,
104
; and administrative law,
112
,
119–20
,
227n.72
; differences with Höhn over idea of community,
74
,
77–79
,
81
; opposition to Weimar Republic,
92
; support for National Socialism,
96–97
Kogon, E.,
13
Köhler, Ludwig von,
111
Kohlhammer Verlag,
122
Kohlmeier, Ph. I.,
138
Kollmann, Ottmar,
104
Koschaker, Paul,
26
; and “crisis of Roman law,”
21
,
42
,
51–52
,
60
,
206n.15
Köttgen, Arnold,
75
,
109
,
112
,
227n.85
; on administrative law,
114
,
121
,
125
; and concept of state,
79
KPD,
12
,
92
,
173–74
.
See also
Communists
Kraft durch Freude
,
18
,
71
,
198n.74
Krahwinkel, H.,
61
Krannhals,
93
Krausnick, Helmut,
33
Kristallnacht
,
14
Kröger, Klaus,
42
Krüger, Herbert,
97
Küchenhoff, E.,
13
Küchenhoff, G.,
75
Külz, Helmut R.,
137
labor law,
9
,
11
,
56
; effects of National Socialism on,
17
,
70–71
; and idea of community,
64
,
70–71
; in occupied Germany,
171
,
173
Labor Organization,
17
Laforet, Wilhelm,
111
Lammers, Heinrich,
104
Länder
,
1
,
12
; and administrative jurisdiction,
132
,
136–42
; courts,
236nn.69–70
; in American zone,
176
; in Soviet zone,
173
Landgerichte,
171–72
; defined,
1
landlord and tenant law,
69–70
land register law,
9
Langbehn, Julius,
58
Lassar, Gerhard,
104
Laun, Rudolf von,
96
Law against the Disproportionately High Number of Jews Attending High Schools,
ix
law codes,
1
Law for the Prevention of Genetically Diseased Offspring,
17
Law for the Protection of Young People,
17
Law on Homeworking,
17
Law on State Labor,
17
Law on the Constitution of the Courts,
172
Law on the Organization of National Labor,
17
,
70–71
,
77
Laws of Procedure,
1
Law to Restore the Professional Civil Service,
ix
lay judges in Soviet zone,
174
,
246–47n.53
League of National Socialist German Jurists,
50
; University Teachers’ Group,
97
Leers, Johann von,
58
legal curriculum,
49–51
,
123–24
; reform,
118
; 1935 regulations,
25
,
51
legal history,
6
,
21–22
,
203n.44
; issues of methodology,
25–27
; of Nazi regime,
27–47
; obstacles to studying Nazi period,
27–42
; of period from 1945 to 1949,
167–84
; progress in,
42–63
legality, principle of,
20
legal journals,
98–99
,
117
,
179
; and administrative jurisdiction,
130
; on public law,
104–5
.
See also names of journals
legal scholars: coming to terms with past,
99–101
,
151
; constitutional,
13
,
41
,
87–101
,
191–92
; Germanists,
41
,
43–44
; Jewish,
43
,
49
,
51
; Romanists,
41
,
43–44
legal terminology,
64–83
Lewald, Walter,
178
liberalism: before National Socialism,
56–57
,
95
,
108
; polemics against,
74–77
,
81
,
98
,
102–3
; retained in Nazi state,
68
Lindenau, Heinrich,
104
Lippe,
142
Liszt, Franz von,
20
Litt, Theodor,
91
Locke, John,
94
Lubbe, Marinus van der (Reichstag arsonist),
156
Lüneburg,
141
Magdeburg,
104
Mannheim, Karl,
59
Marburg,
146
marriage: goal of,
197n.72
marriage and family laws,
9
,
17
,
71–72
,
77
,
171
,
180
; divorce,
72
,
172
Maßnahmen
,
13
.
See also
state: prerogative
Maunz, Theodor: during Nazi regime,
13
,
75
,
78
,
97
,
101
,
107
,
112–13
,
221n.10
; revelations about his postwar activities,
xii–xiii
,
185–92
Mayer, Otto,
75
,
108
,
110
,
112
,
115
Mecklenburg,
142
Medicus, Franz Albrecht,
104
,
121
Meeting of Constitutional Theorists (1926),
91
Meinecke, Friedrich,
25
Melsheimer, E.,
179
Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, Albrecht,
104
Menger, Anton,
89
Mertens, Alois,
156
Messerschmidt, Manfred,
151–54
Michaelis, Karl,
59
middle class: antibourgeois aspects of National Socialism,
74
,
128
; codependency with Nazi regime,
45–46
,
62
,
71
,
92
,
93
; in Soviet zone,
174
,
179
military justice,
3
,
20
,
145–54
,
170
; court archives,
153
; courts,
148
; judges,
151–52
; in World War I.,
147
minorities: disenfranchisement of,
14
; laws discriminating against,
11
.
See also
Jehovah’s Witnesses; gypsies; homosexuals; Jews
Mirow, Adolf,
104
miscarriage of justice,
148
Mitteilungen des Reichsverbandes der akademischen Finanz- und Zollbeamten
,
104
Mitteis, Heinrich,
25–26
,
42
,
47
,
62–63
Mitteis, L.,
43
modernization,
48–49
Mohl, R. von,
94
Mommsen, Th.,
36
Montesquieu,
94
morality,
5–6
Müller, Ingo,
22
Munich,
187
Mussolini,
52
national community,
13
,
17
,
46
,
48
,
64–83
,
93
,
102
,
128
Nationaldemokratische Partei Deutschlands,
28
National Socialism,
viii
,
x
,
xii
,
7–8
; appearance of normality,
160
; coming to terms with,
28–39
; continuity with past and present,
viii–xii
,
7–8
; early actions of regime,
2
National Socialist German Workers’ Party.
See
Nazi party
National Socialist ideology: contradictions of,
106–7
,
120
,
141
; emotional content of,
44
; in occupied Germany,
170
,
183–84
; as principle of legal interpretation,
14
,
17
,
19
,
141
; vagueness of,
82
National Socialist language,
45–46
,
64–83
,
103
,
212n.18
National Socialist law: broadly interpreted,
8–9
,
15
; definitions,
9
; relative to law of Weimar Republic,
7–8
,
199n.91
; scholarly study of,
9–10
; who made the laws,
8
National Socialist Lawyers’ Association,
11
,
104–5
,
121–22
Natorp, P.,
89
natural law,
vii–viii
,
xi
,
5–6
,
10
,
47
,
159
,
174
,
179
,
181–82
; “ethnic-national,”
15
; post-war recommendations,
21
; renaissance,
145
,
179
.
See also
conflict between natural and positive law
Nawiasky, Hans,
13
,
91
,
96
,
100
,
187
Nazi party,
12
,
49
,
51
,
79
,
120
; and censorship,
122
; conflict with state,
16
,
128
; granted special powers,
19
; unconstitutionality,
92
Nazi seizure of power: 50th anniversary,
156
Nebinger, R.,
111
Neesze, G.,
78
neo-Nazis,
xiii
Neumann,
177
New Right,
x
Nicolai, Helmut,
21
,
58
,
98
,
104–5
Nietzsche, Friedrich,
37
nonlaw,
xi
,
5–6
,
42
,
158–159
; defined,
193n.1
Norden, Walter,
116–17
Nörr, Knut Wolfgang,
42
NSDAP.
See
Nazi party
NS-Rechtswahrerbund
,
11
,
104–5
,
121–22
nullification of Nazi law,
167
,
169–71
,
180–84
,
244n.18
Nuremberg Trials,
xii
Obergerichte,
148
Oberländer, Theodor,
xiii
Oberlandesgerichte,
1
,
172
,
175
; in Celle,
11
; in Hamburg,
180
Oberverwaltungsgerichte,
16–17
Oertzen, Peter von,
91
Oppenheimer, Franz,
89