the Sackett Companion (1992) (12 page)

After both battles, the parties of Indians broke up and went their ways to hunt for meat.

The Second Battle of Adobe Walls was ten years later, and seldom in history have so few men fought a battle more decisive. To be closer to the market, store owners Rath and Wright moved out from Dodge City a supply of ammunition, whiskey, and such other supplies as buffalo hunters might need, and located a store at Adobe Walls in the heart of the buffalo hunting country. There were several buildings, and outside the buildings was a covered wagon in which two men were sleeping. In all, on that fateful morning of June 27, 1874, there were twenty-eight men and one woman present at Adobe Walls. The one woman was Mrs. Olds, wife of a storekeeper.

Actually, the men were scattered in three buildings: in Jim Hanrahan's saloon and in the two stores, that of Rath & Wright, and another operated by Myers and Leonard.

The attacking Indians were largely Kiowa, Comanche, and Cheyenne, led by Quanah Parker and Lone Wolf. The one who instigated the attack was a medicine man called Isatai, and Isatai had been making big medicine. His idea was to gather all the Indians together and drive the white man east of the Mississippi, out of Indian country forever.

He claimed his medicine was good, that he could protect the others from injury, and that the time had come.

Many Indians were skeptical. They then suggested that if the attacking party, variously estimated at seven hundred to onethousand men, could wipe out the buffalo hunters at Adobe Walls, the rest of them would join in the drive to sweep the country of white men. First, though, Isatai had to prove his medicine was good. When the fight began nearly one thousand Indians attacked, with probably twice that number as spectators. In the stores and the saloon at the time were thousands of rounds of ammunition, food supplies, and whiskey enough to last for a month or more.

What happened next has never been fully explained. In one of the stores where a number of men were sleeping, there was a sharp report. It awakened everybody, who believed the ridgepole had cracked. By the time they discovered that nothing was wrong, Billy Dixon, then twenty-three years old, decided it was no use trying to get back to sleep when no more than an hour later he would be packing to leave for the hunting grounds. He decided to get his picketed horses, pack up, and be ready to leave at daylight. He went outside and walked to where his horses were. He was leading them back when his eye caught a hint of movement. He glanced around and against the first gray light of dawn he glimpsed a long line of charging Indians, still some distance off but coming at a dead run. Dixon dropped the lead ropes and leaped for the door. He made it just in time.

The Indians swept around and among the buildings. The two men asleep in their wagon were killed as they grabbed for their rifles. A large dog was also killed, and then the fight began. Isatai could not have chosen a worse spot to begin his attack. The twenty-eight men at Adobe Walls were all dead shots. Most of them had already put in two or more seasons on the buffalo prairies firing thousands of rounds in the killing of buffalo. Most of them were veterans of other Indian battles and several were men whose names would make western history, such as Billy Dixon himself and Bat Masterson, then just seventeen. They were securely lodged behind log or sod walls and their firing was done from rests where they could take their time and pick their targets.

The shooting continued for several days but the riflemen were too good and their position too secure. The event that may well have broken the back of the effort took place on the second day, when a party of Indians appeared on a ridge some distance away and Billy Dixon was asked to see what he could do. Using his Sharps Big Fifty buffalo gun Billy knocked an Indian from his horse at a distance, checked a few days later by an Army officer, of seven-eighths of a mile.

By the middle of the fifth day hunters were gathering from all over the area, and over a hundred of them had come to the aid of the men at Adobe Walls. By the time the Army arrived, the fight was over.

The casualties among the hunters amounted to four men and a dog: the two Shadier brothers, killed in the first attack; one man killed later; and the last was the husband of Mrs. Olds, killed when his own gun discharged accidentally.

CROSS TIMBERS: Two remarkable belts of timber beginning in Oklahoma and running south to the middle of Texas. Dense stands of timber, they were some distance apart, each varying in width. As they were often as much as fifteen miles in width they presented a formidable obstacle to travel. They were a haven for much wildlife, including some of the last grizzlies found in Texas. They were famous landmarks both for the Indian and the white man. In the eastern Cross Timbers the trees were larger, the growth more dense. A good part of the timber was blackjack or post oak.

LLANO ESTACADO: The so-called Stake Plain. Literally, it includes most of the Panhandle of Texas, a vast uplift protected from erosion by the Cap-Rock. Flat as a floor for many miles, it was in the beginning virtually without water, hence uninhabited and rarely visited by either Indian or buffalo. The origin of the name has been much debated. One quite logical explanation is that it was so named because of the necessity of staking one's horse as there was no tree or shrub to which a horse could be tied. Another explanation is that the earliest travelers placed occasional sighting stakes so they could maintain their direction. A dozen other explanations have been offered. Read them all and take your pick. You are as likely to be right as anyone else.

SERBIN, TEXAS: In Lee County, a town founded by Wendish Lutherans in 1854. John Kilian was the leader of a group of some five hundred of the Wends who settled there and built a rock church that was still standing when I last was there. The church was built before the Civil War. Nolan Sackett was jailed there for a shooting, but the Wendish folk had reason to favor him and he was allowed to escape.

RABBIT EAR MOUNTAIN: An important landmark on the Santa Fe Trail. The peaks give the impression of rabbit ears from a distance, but it is also said that a Cheyenne chief called Rabbit Ears was killed near there and buried on the mountain, if such it could be called. The mounds are situated in Union County, New Mexico, north of Clayton.

Just north of the mountain in a box canyon is a green pool covered with a thick scum. The walls of the canyon have been blackened by fire, and there is an opening, very uninviting, about three to three-and-a-half feet in diameter. It is possible there was oil or gas here that may have been set afire by lightning or some other cause. The situation is virtually as related in the story.

RABBIT EARS CREEK: Creek heads up near Rabbit Ears, flows through a part of Texas and into Oklahoma. Gregg lists it as a stopping place on the Santa Fe Trail.

SLANTING ANNIE: A frontier prostitute who followed the boom camps. So-called because one leg was shorter than the other. An historical character.

OLLIE SHADDOCK: A freighter at this period; kin to the Sacketts; he appears in THE daybreakers.

MORA: A pleasant town in New Mexico; Tyrel Sackett located there, and it was visited by Tell Sackett. Orrin came here with Tyrel. It was the town where the mountain man Ceran St. Vrain, partner of Kit Carson, located.

ROMERO, TEXAS: Settled by Casimero Romero, a sheepman; an area where Comancheros operated. Just a few miles from the New Mexico border.

LOMA PARDA: Now a ghost town; a drinking town for soldiers from Fort Union. On the Mora River, and a rough place in its day. Usually off-limits to soldiers. It was a hang-out for thieves, gamblers, and formerly a base for Comancheros.

TINKER KNIFE: A knife made by the Tinker, a pack peddler in the Tennessee Mountains. Made from a variety of steel known only to the Tinker, but derived from the same steel used in the Toledo and Damascus blades. Most of the steel in those famous swords and scimitars was imported from India. The Tinker made few knives and only for close friends or someone he admired.

NATHAN HUME: A trader to Santa Fe who, when his wagon train was attacked, buried the gold he carried. He was killed, but two others escaped.

THE KARNES, SYLVIE, RALPH, AND ANDREW: Connections by marriage to Nathan and Penelope Hume. Sylvie was a woman who knew what she wanted and would stop at nothing to get it. A woman totally without conscience, she was perfectly prepared to murder anyone who got in the way.

Ralph, her older but subordinate brother, was cut from the same pattern but a follower rather than a leader. Andrew was younger, not very bright, ready to do what Sylvie suggested.

STEVE HOOKER: A small time crook; worked at something most of the time but was simply watching for a chance to steal.

TEX PARKER, CHARLIE HURST: Allies of Hooker, and of the same type. Stole horses, cattle, or anything lying loose, and candidates for a necktie party.

TOM FRYER, NOBLE BISHOP, AND FERRARA: Outlaws of another sort. Tough, capable and dangerous, but careful.

PENELOPE HUME: Nathan was her grandfather, and she inherited the papers that told where the gold could be found. A determined young lady whose future rested with that gold. She was alone in the world, and in the West of the 1870s there were few jobs for women of any age. What little she had was invested in this trip west and the effort to find the gold. Jacob Loomis was riding with her, but could he be trusted?

BOGGY DEPOT: In southeastern Oklahoma near the towns of Atoka and Caddo. It was an important town, growing from a log house into an important trading post and a Civil War army station. It was a Choctaw-Chickasaw town settled about 1837 after the move of the Indians from the Georgia-North Carolina-Tennessee area. The town became a post office in 1849. The home of Chief Allen Wright was destroyed by fire in 1952, and it was he who named Oklahoma. His granddaughter, Muriel Wright, was an Oklahoma historian and a remarkable woman whom I was proud to know as a friend.

Chief Wright translated several books into the Choctaw language and contributed much to his people and to the state of Oklahoma.

The present town is located a couple of miles from the original site of Boggy Depot. During the Civil War, Confederate troops were stationed there, and the town is referred to many times in early western literature. The town was named for Clear Boggy Creek.

INDIAN TERRITORY: After the removal of the Five Civilized Tribes from their homeland, much of Oklahoma was designated as Indian Territory. Influenced by Scottish and Irish traders who came among them in the early years, the Indians of the Five Civilized Tribes--the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminole--had become so successful as to arouse jealousy of some of their less ambitious neighbors. The Indians owned mills, mines, steamboats on the rivers, and some of them had most beautiful homes. They also had plantations and farms, and owned a considerable number of slaves.

Gold had been discovered some time previously but the find was kept quiet until much later. When the news got out, it led to further agitation to move the Indians out of the country. In a tragic journey over the Trail of Tears, the Indians were removed to Oklahoma, permitted to take only what they could easily carry.

By this time they had their own written language and a newspaper printed in both English and Cherokee. The gold discovery came to nothing but the area lost some valuable citizens who were to contribute much to art, literature, business, and politics.

A minor but interesting story was that of John Rollin Ridge, a Cherokee, who created the story and the character known as Joaquin Murietta, taking several of the members of Murietta's band from the names of actual persons associated with Tiburcio Vasquez, an outlaw who was the real thing.

BILL COE: An outlaw, horse thief, and cattle thief. A good-looking man, and game. He operated an outlaw gang from a rock fortress built near the border of Colorado and New Mexico, and his gang raided and robbed with impunity. Charlie Goodnight looked on them with some disfavor and there were reports that Coe intended to kill him. For three years or so they operated from the house on the Cimarron, ignoring the vigilantes organized to handle just such problems. Coe was captured by soldiers who delivered him to a jail. During the night vigilantes took Coe from the jail to a nearby tree. When he was taken from the jail, somebody offered him a blanket but he refused and suggested, "Somehow I don't think I'll be needing it."

A few weeks later some of the other members of the gang also encountered a Reform Society with a rope and the Coe house became a roost for owls.

FLINCH: A tough Indian who could wait until the time was right.

JACOB LOOMIS: Who was to know what happened to Penelope? Who would there be even to ask questions? And with the gold he could go where he wished, live as he wanted. It all seemed very simple. It seemed foolproof. The trouble was that all such plans look good until the imponderables appear, those little things you didn't expect. And the man with a criminal mind is an incurable optimist. He always believes things are going to turn out right for him.

HARRY MIMS: A tough, salty old man who knew more than anyone believed.

OSCAR REINHARDT: A teamster, and a substantial citizen skilled at his job.

THE GENERAL AREA: This corner of New Mexico shows much evidence of ancient occupation. Spear heads have been found in close proximity to the bones of mammoths, and there are many indications that Indians of all periods found this a good hunting ground, through several changes of climate. Folsom points, one of the oldest varieties found on the continent, were discovered near here.