The Sea and Civilization: A Maritime History of the World
Read The Sea and Civilization: A Maritime History of the World Online
Authors: Lincoln Paine
Tags: #History, #Military, #Naval, #Oceania, #Transportation, #Ships & Shipbuilding
THIS IS A BORZOI BOOK
PUBLISHED BY ALFRED A. KNOPF
Copyright © 2013 by Lincoln Paine
All rights reserved. Published in the United States by Alfred A. Knopf, a division of Random House LLC, New York, and in Canada by Random House of Canada Limited, Toronto, Penguin Random House Companies.
Knopf, Borzoi Books, and the colophon are registered trademarks of Random House LLC
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Paine, Lincoln P.
The sea and civilization : a maritime history of the world / by Lincoln Paine. —First Edition.
pages cm
ISBN 978-1-4000-4409-2 (hardback)
1. Ocean and civilization. 2. Naval history. 3. Naval art and science—History. 4. Navigation—History. 5. Sea-power—History. I. Title.
CB465.P34 2013
910.4′5—dc23
2013015436
eBook ISBN: 978-0-307-96225-6
Jacket image:
Official Visit of Franz Joseph and Empress Elisabeth of Austria, Arriving at Miramare Castle in Trieste,
De Agostini
Picture Library / G. Dagli Orti / The Bridgeman Art Library
Cover design by Jason Booher
v3.1
FOR ALLISON
Now one day, as I was sitting with Abu ’Ali bin Hazim and looking at the sea—we were on the shore at ’Adan—said he to me: “What is it with which you seem to me to be so preoccupied?”
Said I: “God support the Shaykh! My mind is perplexed concerning the sea, so great is the number of conflicting accounts of it. The Shaykh now is the most knowledgeable of men about it, because he is chief of the merchants, and his ships are continually traveling to the furthermost parts of it. Should he be willing to give me a description of it I can rely on, and relieve me of doubt about it, perhaps he will do so.”
Said he: “You have encountered an expert in the matter!” He smoothed the sand with the palm of his hand and drew a figure of the sea on it.
—al-Muqaddasi,
The Best Divisions for Knowledge of the World
(375
AH
/ 985
CE
)
Bronze Age rock carving from Kvalsund, Norway
Boats of the Friendly Islands
, by John Webber
The oldest image of a sail, on the Naqada/Gerzean vase
The return of Hatshepsut’s ships from Punt
A Mesopotamian cylinder seal and the sealing it makes
The Magan Boat replica from Oman
Early Minoan terra-cotta “pan” from the island of Syros
Shipping cedar logs on the Phoenician coast
The flight of Luli from Tyre to Cyprus
A Greek galley overtaking an Etruscan sailing ship
Roman ships carrying Emperor Trajan across the Danube
The principal oceanic wind systems
Satavahana Dynasty coin decorated with a two-masted ship
Louchuan
from the
Collection of the Most Important Military Techniques
Bronze ship model from Kampong Dobo, Flores
Trackers towing a riverboat on the Yangzi
Ship from the Dunhuang cave complex in central China
“The Bay and Strait of Gibraltar,” by Carel Allard
A stone carving of a boat from the Pala kingdom in northeast India
A bas-relief from the temple at Borobudur in central Java
The
Samudra Raksa
, a ship based on bas-reliefs at Borobudur
A sailing ship from the Bayon temple at Angkor Thom, Cambodia
A paddled vessel from the Bayon temple at Angkor Thom, Cambodia
Sailors sleeping on a cargo of mangrove logs on the
Triumph of Righteousness
Chinese stamp commemorating the six hundredth anniversary of the Zheng He expeditions
Sebastiano del Piombo’s portrait of a man thought to be Christopher Columbus
Pierre Chassereau’s “A New and Correct Plan of the Harbour of Carthagena [Colombia] in America”
Seal die of the English Muscovy Company
Map of the China Seas from Linschoten’s
Itinerario
Jansz. van Miervelt’s Portrait of Hugo Grotius
Peter Pett and the
Sovereign of the Seas, by Sir Peter Lely
Description of the slave ship
Brooks
Thomas Daniell’s
Calcutta from the River Hoogly
Benjamin Franklin’s Gulf Stream map
The
Tusitala
and
Berengaria
outward bound from New York
Nineteenth-century Dutch or German scrimshaw
Shoveling coal in the troopship USS
Troy
The submarine tender USS
Bushnell
and submarine
AL-3
The battleship USS
Arizona
passing through the Panama Canal
1. An Egyptian faience plate decorated with a papyrus raft
2. Minoan ship mural from the island of Thera (Santorini)
3. A pirate’s bireme bearing down on a sailing merchantman
5. Merchant ship from Ajanta, India
6. Byzantine mosaic of fisherman from Ravenna
7. Byzantine
dromon
fitted with Greek fire
8. The Broighter boat model from northern Ireland
9. Shipbuilding scene from the Bayeux Tapestry
10. A ship from al-Wasiti’s manuscript of al-Hariri’s
Maqamat
11. A passenger-carrying junk at Kaifeng, China
12. A great galley from the shipbuilding treatise by Michael of Rhodes
13.
The Doge of Venice Departing for the Lido in the
Bucintoro by Antonio Canaletto
14. Warriors repelling the Yuan invasion of Japan
15. An illustration from a 1341 manuscript of the
Shahnamah
16. A ship taking soundings, from the
Ordonances of Armoury
17. Jorge Aguiar’s portolan chart of the Mediterranean
18. Noah’s ark by the Mughal miniaturist Miskin
19. Johan Bruun’s
Kronborg Castle, View from the Øresund
20. James Gillray’s “John Bull Taking a Luncheon,” after the battle of Aboukir
21.
Giant Demon Attacks a Ship,
from the
Sripal Ras
22. Jean Dupas’s art deco masterpiece,
History of Navigation
23. Stephen Bone’s
On Board an S-Class Submarine: Up the Conning Tower
24. The container port of Singapore
Pre-Columbian South America and the Caribbean
Pre-Columbian North and Central America
From Mesopotamia to the Indus Valley
Oceania
Click
here
to see a larger image.
Pre-Columbian South America and the Caribbean
Click
here
to see a larger image.
