The Year Without Summer (44 page)

Read The Year Without Summer Online

Authors: William K. Klingaman,Nicholas P. Klingaman

Tags: #History, #Modern, #19th Century, #Science, #Earth Sciences, #Meteorology & Climatology

The Atheneum
(Boston)

Camden Gazette
(South Carolina)

Chambersburg Democratic Republican
(Pennsylvania)

Charleston City Gazette
(South Carolina)

Columbia Centinel
(Boston, Massachusetts)

The Columbian
(New York)

Connecticut Courant

Daily National Intelligencer
(Washington, D.C.)

Danville North Star
(Vermont)

Eastern Argus
(Portland, Maine)

Farmer’s Cabinet
(Amherst, New Hampshire)

Franklin Herald
(Greenfield, Massachusetts)

Halifax Weekly Chronicle

The Literary and Philosophical Repertory
(Middlebury, Vermont)

Maryland Gazette

Middlesex Gazette
(Middletown, Connecticut)

Nantucket Gazette

National Aegis
(Worcester, Massachusetts)

The National Register

New Bedford Mercury

New England Palladium
(Boston)

New Hampshire Patriot

New Hampshire Sentinel

New York Gazette

New York Post

Newburyport Herald

The North American Review

Niles’ Weekly Register

Norfolk Beacon
(Virginia)

North American Review

Quebec Gazette

Richmond Enquirer

Rutland Herald

Salem Gazette

Stockbridge Star
(Massachusetts)

Vermont Intelligencer

Vermont Journal

Vermont Mirror

Virginia Patriot

W
EB
S
ITES

Austen, Jane, “Jane Austen’s Letters to Her Sister Cassandra and Others,”
etext.lib.virginia.edu/toc/modeng//files/04/75/35/f047535/public/AusLett.html

Cochran, Peter, “The Diary of John Cam Hobhouse: Switzerland, August 26–October 11,
1816,”
petercochran.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/22-switzerland.pdf

Galusha, Jonas, “Executive Speech of Jonas Galusha as It Appears in the Records of
the Governor and Council of the State of Vermont,” vol. VI, 1816.
vermont-archives.org/govhistory/gov/govinaug/inaugurals/pdf/Galusha1816.pdf

Huntington, Ray L., and David M. Whitchurch, “‘Eighteen Hundred and Froze to Death’:
Mount Tambora, New England Weather, and the Joseph Smith Family in 1816,”
rsc.byu.edu/sites/default/files/pubs/pdf/new-england-05-huntington.pdf

Lederer, David Friedrich, “Report of the Famine and Hyperinflation of 1816 and 1817,”
www.physics.ohio-state.edu/~palmer/Geradstetten/Report of the Famine and The hyperinflation
of 1816 and 1817.pdf

Lewis, Tess, “Madame de Staël: The Inveterate Idealist,”
www.hudsonreview.com/lewisAu01.html

Madison, James, “Eighth Annual Message: December 3, 1816,”
millercenter.org/president/speeches/detail/3629

Payne, Stanley G., “Chapter 19: The War of Independence and Liberalism,”
A History of Spain and Portugal,
vol. 2,
libro.uca.edu/payne2/payne19.htm

Schlegel, Lee-Lee, “The Year Without a Summer: 1816, In Maine,” Milbridge Historical
Society,
www.milbridgehistoricalsociety.org

Stellhorn, Paul A., and Michael J. Birkner, eds., “The Governors of New Jersey 1664–1974:
Biographical Essays: Mahlon Dickerson.”
Slic.njstatelib.org/slic_files/imported/NJ_Information/Digital_Collections/Governors_of_New_Jersey/GDICM.pdf

A
RTICLES

Abbe, Cleveland. “History of the Barometer,”
Monthly Weather Review
, 27:12 (1899).

Angell, J. K., and J. Korshover. “Surface Temperature Changes Following the Six Major
Volcanic Episodes Between 1780 and 1980,”
Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology
24 (September 1985).

Auchmann, R., et al. “Extreme Climate, Not Extreme Weather: The Summer of 1816 in
Geneva, Switzerland,”
Climate of the Past Discussions
7 (November 2011).

Backman, Milton V., Jr. “Awakenings in the Burned-Over District: New Light on the
Historical Setting of the First Vision,”
BYU Studies
9:3 (1969).

Briffa, K. R., et al. “Influence of Volcanic Eruptions on Northern Hemisphere Summer
Temperature over the Past 600 Years,”
Nature
393 (June 4 1998).

Chenoweth, Michael. “Two Major Volcanic Cooling Episodes Derived from Global Marine
Air Temperature, AD 1807–1827,”
Geophysical Research Letters
28 (2001).

______
, “Ships’ Logbooks and ‘The Year Without a Summer,’”
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
77 (1996).

Clubbe, John. “The Tempest-toss’d Summer of 1816: Mary Shelley’s
Frankenstein
,”
The Byron Journal
19 (1991).

Earle, C. J., et al. “Summer Temperature Since 1600 for the Upper Kolyma Region, Northeastern
Russia, Reconstructed from Tree Rings,”
Arctic and Alpine Research
26 (February 1994).

Evans, Robert. “Blast from the Past,”
Smithsonian
(July 2002).

Flinn, M. W. “The Poor Employment Act of 1817,”
The Economic History Review
14:1 (1961).

Franklin, Benjamin. “Meteorological Imaginations and Conjectures (Paper read 1784),”
Memoirs of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester
, 2nd ed., 1789. [
Weatherwise
, 35 (1982).]

Goulding, Christopher. “A Volcano’s Voice at Eton: Percy Shelley, James Lind MD, and
Global Climatology,”
Keats-Shelley Review
17 (2003).

Gray, Lesley J., et al. “Solar Influences on Climate,”
Reviews of Geophysics
48 (2010).

Hamilton, K. “Early Canadian Weather Observers and the ‘Year Without a Summer,’”
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
67 (1986).

Hoyt, Joseph B. “The Cold Summer of 1816,”
Annals of the Association of American Geographers
48:2 (1958).

Johnston, Arch C., and Eugene S. Schweig. “The Enigma of the New Madrid Earthquakes
of 1811–1812,”
Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences
24 (1996).

Lewis, Tess. “Madame de Staël: The Inveterate Idealist,”
Hudson Review
43:3 (2001).

MacAlpine, Ida, and Richard Hunter. “The ‘Insanity’ of King George III: A Classic
Case of Porphyria,”
British Medical Journal
1 (1966).

Murphy, Kathleen S. “Prodigies and Portents: Providentialism in the Eighteenth-Century
Chesapeake,”
Maryland Historical Magazine
97:4 (2002).

Mussey, Barrows. “Yankee Chills, Ohio Fever,”
New England Quarterly
22 (December 1949).

O’Neill, Timothy P. “Clare and Irish Poverty, 1815–1851,”
Studia Hibernica
14 (1974).

Oppenheimer, Clive. “Climatic, Environmental and Human Consequences of the Largest
Known Historic Eruption: Tambora Volcano (Indonesia) 1815.”
Progress in Physical Geography,
27:2 (2003).

Post, John D. “The Economic Crisis of 1816–1817 and Its Social and Political Consequences,”
Journal of Economic History
30:1 (1970).

Shindell, Drew T., et al. “Dynamic Winter Climate Reponse to Large Tropical Volcanic
Eruptions Since 1600,”
Journal of Geophysical Research 109
(2004).

______
, “Volcanic and Solar Forcing of Climate Change During the Preindustrial Era,”
Journal of Climate
16 (2003).

Stenchikov, Georgiy L., et al. “Arctic Oscillation Response to Volcanic Eruptions
in the IPCC AR4 Climate Models,”
Journal of Geophysical Research
111 (2006).

Stommel, Henry, and Elizabeth Stommel. “The Year Without a Summer,”
Scientific American
240:6 (1979).

Stothers, Richard B. “The Great Tambora Eruption in 1815 and Its Aftermath,”
Science
224:4654 (June 15, 1984).

Tilly, Louise A. “The Food Riot as a Form of Political Conflict in France,”
The Journal of Interdisciplinary History
2:1 (1971).

Trigo, Ricardo M., et al. “Iberia in 1816, the Year Without a Summer,”
International Journal of Climatology
29 (2009).

Vail, Jeffrey. “‘The Bright Sun Was Extinguish’d’: The Bologna Prophecy and Byron’s
‘Darkness.’”
Wordsworth Circle
28:3 (1997).

Vaquero, José M. “Historical Sunspot Observations: A Review,”
Advances in Space Research
40 (2007).

Webb, Patrick. “Emergency Relief During Europe’s Famine of 1817 Anticipated Crisis-Response
Mechanisms of Today,”
Journal of Nutrition
132 (2002).

Wood, J. David. “The Complicity of Climate in the 1816 Depression in Dumfriesshire,”
Scottish Geographical Magazine
81:1 (1965).

Zerefos, C. S., et al. “Atmospheric Effects of Volcanic Eruptions as Seen by Famous
Artists and Depicted in Their Paintings,”
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
7 (2007).

B
OOKS

[
REPRINTS
ARE
IN
BRACKETS
.]

Adams, Charles Francis, ed.
Memoirs of John Quincy Adams,
vol. III. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Company, 1874. [Freeport: Books For Libraries,
1969.]

Alexander, Robert S.
Re-Writing the French Revolutionary Tradition.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

Ammon, Harry.
James Monroe: The Quest for National Identity.
Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1990.

Arnold, David.
Colonizing the Body: State Medicine and Epidemic Disease in Nineteenth-Century India.
Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.

Ashton, John.
Social England Under the Regency,
vol. II. London: Ward and Downey, 1890.

Aspinall, A., ed.
The Letters of King George IV,
vol. II. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1938.

Bailey, Anthony.
Standing in the Sun.
New York: Harper Collins, 1998.

Barker, Juliet.
The Brontës
. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 2005.

Bastin, John.
The Native Policies of Sir Stamford Raffles in Java and Sumatra.
Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1957.

Bate, Jonathan.
The Song of the Earth
. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2000.

Beckley, Hosea.
The History of Vermont.
Brattleboro: George H. Salisbury, 1846.

Benson, Arthur C.
The Letters of Queen Victoria
, vol. 1. London: Echo Library, 2009.

Bernard, J. F.
Talleyrand: A Biography.
New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1973.

Betts, Edwin Morris, annot.
Thomas Jefferson’s Garden Book, 1766–1824.
Philadelphia: The American Philosophical Society, 1944.

Boggess, Arthur C.
The Settlement of Illinois, 1778–1830.
Chicago: Chicago Historical Society, 1908. [Freeport, N.Y.: Books For Libraries Press,
1970.]

Boyer, George R.
An Economic History of the English Poor Law, 1750–1850.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.

Brant, Irving.
James Madison: Commander in Chief, 1812–1836.
Indianapolis: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, Inc., 1961.

Brewer, William D.
The Shelley-Byron Conversation.
Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1994.

Brown, Judith.
Modern India: The Origins of an Asian Democracy.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.

Brynn, Edward.
Crown and Castle: British Rule in Ireland, 1800–1830.
Toronto: Macmillan of Canada, 1978.

Burstein, Andrew, and Nancy Isenberg.
Madison and Jefferson.
New York: Random House, 2010.

Burt, Christopher C., and Mark Stroud.
Extreme Weather.
New York: W. W. Norton and Co., 2007.

Butterfield, Lyman H.
The Diary and Autobiography of John Adams
, vol. 1. New York: Atheneum, 1964.

Chester, David.
Volcanoes and Society.
London: Edward Arnold, 1993.

Clark, Allen C.
Life and Letters of Dolley Madison.
Washington, D.C.: W. F. Roberts Co., 1914.

Cobb, R. C.
The Police and the People
. London: Oxford University Press, 1970.

Collins, Irene, ed.
Government and Society in France, 1814–1848.
London: Edward Arnold, 1970.

Cookson, J. E.
Lord Liverpool’s Administration.
Hamden, Connecticut: Archon Books, 1975.

Coote, Stephen.
Napoleon and the Hundred Days.
Cambridge: Da Capo Press, 2005.

Crevecoeur, J. Hector-St. John de,
Sketches of Eighteenth-Century America.
New Haven: Yale University Press, 1925.

Cross, Whitney R.
The Burned-Over District.
Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1950.

Crossman, Virginia.
Politics, Law and Order in Nineteenth-Century Ireland.
New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1996.

Cunningham, Noble E., ed.
Circular Letters of Congressmen to Their Constituents, 1789–1829,
vol. II. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1978.

Davis, James E.
Frontier Illinois.
Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1998.

Davis, W.W.H.
The History of Bucks County, Pennsylvania.
Doylestown: Democrat Book and Job Office Print, 1876.

Day, Clarence Albert.
A History of Maine Agriculture, 1604–1860
. Orono: University of Maine Press, 1954.

Other books

Twister by Anne-Marie Martin Michael Crichton
Beirut - An Explosive Thriller by Alexander McNabb
Between the Lanterns by Bush, J.M.
Loving Liam (Cloverleaf #1) by Gloria Herrmann
Aileen's Song by Marianne Evans
Death of a Crafty Knitter by Angela Pepper
Highland Hero by Hannah Howell