Thomas Jefferson: The Art of Power (96 page)

HAD
“
HARANGUED
”
A
GRA
ND
JURY
PTJ,
XXXI, 589. The familiar Federalist claim that Jefferson was a nonbeliever was on Chase's mind in part because of a dinner Jefferson had planned to give on a Sunday. (Ibid.)

J
AMES
T
HOMS
ON
C
ALLENDER
,
A
VIRULE
NT
R
EPUBLICAN
Ibid., 589–90.

T
HE
P
RO
SPECT
B
EFORE
U
S
For discussions of the book, see Ferling,
Adams vs. Jefferson,
136–37.

“T
HE
REIGN
OF
M
R
. A
DAMS
”
James Morton Smith,
Freedom's Fetters,
339.

“
CANNOT
FAIL
TO
PRODUCE
”
APE,
I, 63.

A
BIGAIL
A
ND
J
OHN
A
DAMS
SEETHED
Cappon,
Adams-Jefferson Letters,
273.

G
EORGE
W
ASHINGTON
DIED
JHT,
III, 442.

J
EFFERSON
HAD
BEEN
LESS
THAN
HONE
ST
Willard Sterne Randall,
George Washington: A Life
(New York, 1997), 480–81.

“P
ERHAPS
NO
MAN
IN
THIS
COMMUNITY
”
JHT
,
III, 443.

F
RENEAU
WROTE
SOME
VERSES
Ibid.

“T
HE
HORRORS
WHICH
”
PTJ,
XXXI, 524.

“T
HE
BATTERIE
S
OF
SLANDER
”
Ibid., 526.

“O
UR
OP
PONENTS
PERCEIVE
”
Ibid., 536.

“
M
ADNESS
AND
EXTRAVAGA
NCE
”
Ibid., 546–47.

“T
HE
PEOPLE
THRO
UGH
ALL
THE
STATES
”
Ibid., 547.

A
DAMS
MADE
SOME
CABINET
CH
ANGES
Ibid., 581. See also McCullough,
John Adams,
537–39.

A
DAMS
ALSO
DISBANDED
Ibid.

“
ARE
,
ON
T
HE
APPROACH
OF
AN
EL
ECTION
”
Ibid.

PUBLISHED
RU
MORS
THAT
J
EFFERSON
H
AD
DIED
Ibid., XXXII, 42.

“I
THOUGHT
I
HA
D
LOST
”
Ibid.

A
SMALL
GATH
ERING
Ibid., 58–59.

J
EFFERSON
DEN
IED
IT
ALL
Ibid., 98–99.

J
EFFERSO
N
HAD
TO
COUNT
Ibid., 97. One sign of the tensions of the moment: Jefferson, who did not know McGregory, sent the reply through another Connecticut friend, noting that “the stratagems of the times [are] very multifarious” and he wanted to be sure that no “improper use” would be made of the letter. No one was to be trusted. (Ibid.)

A
SL
AVE
NAMED
G
ABRIEL
Ibid., 131–32. For Monroe on the revolt, see ibid., 144–45. See also
EOL,
534–42; Miller,
Wolf by the Ears,
126–29; and Brodie,
Thomas Jefferson,
342–43. James Sidbury,
Ploughshares into Swords: Race, Rebellion, and Identity in Gabriel's Virginia, 1730–1810
(New York, 1997), is also illuminating.

HANGING
TWENTY
-
S
IX
CONSPIRATORS
Ibid., 145. Once reassured the rebellion had been broken up, Jefferson took a moderate tone. “There is a strong sentiment that there has been hanging enough,” he wrote to James Monroe, then governor. “The other states and the world at large will forever condemn us if we indulge in a principle of revenge, or go one step beyond absolute necessity.” (Ibid., 160.)

“T
HE
IR
PLAN
WAS
TO
MASSA
CRE
”
Ibid., 137.

A
PANIC
PTJ,
XXXVII, 335–36. Gabriel's conspiracy was in 1800; the subsequent episodes during what John C. Miller called the “Great Fear” (Miller,
Wolf by the Ears,
127) included one in Norfolk in 1802. (
PTJ,
XXXVII, 335–36.)

Jefferson linked St. Domingue to the American situation. “The course of things in the neighboring islands of the West Indies appears to have given a considerable impulse to the minds of the slaves in different parts of the U.S.,” Jefferson wrote Rufus King on July 13, 1802.

A great disposition to insurgency has manifested itself among them, which, in one instance, in the state of Virginia broke out into actual insurrection. This was easily suppressed: but many of those concerned, (between 20. and 30. I believe) fell victims to the law. So extensive an execution could not but excite sensibility in the public mind, and beget a regret that the laws had not provided, for such cases, some alternative, combining more mildness with equal efficacy. The legislature of the state, at a subsequent meeting, took the subject into consideration, and have communicated to me through the Governor of the state, their wish that some place could be provided, out of the limits of the U.S. to which slaves guilty of insurgency might be transported; and they have particularly looked to Africa as offering the most desirable receptacle. we might, for this purpose, enter into negotiations with the natives, on some part of the coast, to obtain a settlement, and, by establishing an African company, combine with it commercial operations, which might not only reimburse expenses but procure profit also. (
PTJ,
XXXVIII, 54.)

THE
STATE
'
S
H
OUSE
OF
D
ELE
GATES
ASKED
J
EFFERSON
Ibid., XXXVIII, 56.

A
FOREIGN
LAND
Ibid.

A
N
APPROACH
WAS
MADE
Miller,
Wolf by the Ears,
128. Jefferson had suggested Sierra Leone to Monroe. (
PTJ,
XXXVIII, 56.)

WHERE
ABOLITIONI
STS
HAD
RESETTLED
SO
ME
A
FRICAN
A
MERICAN
SL
AVES
Simon Schama,
Rough Crossings
(New York, 2006), 11. The slaves who settled in Freetown, Sierra Leone, had joined the British during the Revolutionary War and had briefly lived in Nova Scotia before making the journey to Sierra Leone. (Ibid., 3–5, 269–81.)

DECLINED
TO
TAKE
ANY
OTHERS
Miller,
Wolf by the Ears,
132.

H
AMILTON
WAS
UNHAPPY
APE,
I, 60–61.

N
EW
Y
ORK
ELECTION
RESU
LTS
PTJ,
XXXI, 509.

L
EGISLATURES
C
HOSE
PRESIDENTIAL
EL
ECTORS
APE,
I, 61.

“
A
MOST
AUS
PICIOUS
GLOOM
”
PTJ,
XXXI, 554.

APPE
ALED
TO
J
OHN
J
AY
APE,
I, 61. See also Walter Stahr,
John Jay: Founding Father
(New York, 2005), 360–61.

“I
N
TIMES
LIKE
THIS
”
Ibid.

“P
ROPOSING
A
MEASURE
”
Ibid.

J
EFFERSON
MET
WITH
A
DAMS
PTJRS,
III, 306.

TALK
OF
FIEL
DING
PTJ,
XXXI, 509. See also
APE,
I, 61–62.

A
NTI
-A
DAMS
F
E
DERALISTS
SUCH
AS
H
AM
ILTON
APE,
I, 61.

“T
O
SUPPORT
A
D
AMS
and
P
INCKNEY
”
Ibid.

“
HOCU
S
-
POCUS
MANEUVERS
”
PTJ,
XXXI, 561.

AN
ATTACK
ON
THE
SECOND
PRESIDENT
Ibid., XXXII, 238–39.

“O
UR
ENEMIES
ARE
”
Life and Correspondence of Rufus King,
III, ed. Charles R. King (New York, 1971), 331.

“I
F
WE
MUST
HAVE
”
Ferling,
Adams vs. Jefferson,
141. Troup, Hamilton's old college roommate, echoed the point to Rufus King on December 4, 1800: “General Hamilton makes no secret of his opinion that Jefferson should be preferred to Adams.” (
Life and Correspondence of Rufus King,
III, 340.)

“I
H
AVE
SOMETIMES
ASKED
MYSELF
”
PTJ,
XXXII, 122.

RESULTS
FRO
M
THE
STATES
REACHED
M
ONTICELLO
See, for instance, ibid., 225–26, in which Stevens Thomson Mason reported the Maryland tallies. See also ibid., 263. Jefferson was relieved at the results of the different state elections. “Whatever may be the event of the Executive election, the Legislative one will give us a majority in the H. of R. and all but that in the Senate,” he wrote. “The former alone will keep the government from running wild, while a reformation in our state legislatures will be working and preparing a complete one in the Senate. A President can then do little mischief.” (Ibid., 227.)

“D
EMOCRAT
IC
PRINCIPLES
SEEM
”
Life and Correspondence of Rufus King,
III, 353.

“I
HAVE
NEVER
HEARD
”
APE,
I, 128.

“I
BELIEVE
WE
MAY
CONSID
ER
”
PTJ,
XXXII, 300.

“
TEMPESTS
AND
T
ORNADOES
”
Caesar A. Rodney to Joseph H. Nicholson, February 19, 1801, Joseph H. Nicholson Papers, LOC.

“
HIGHFLYIN
G
F
EDERALISTS
”
PTJ,
XXXII, 306–7.

“
HAS
PRODUCED
GREAT
DISMA
Y
”
Ibid., 322.

“S
OME
OF
THE
J
ACOBI
NS
”
Life and Correspondence of Rufus King,
III, 354.