Authors: Malcolm Bradbury
‘I really doubt it. They’re old Stockholm enemies. They never do get on.’
‘So is anything at all happening on the Enlightenment Trail?’
‘Not too much now. Professor Bo has locked himself away in his cabin with Alma.’
‘My fault. I feel extremely guilty about that.’
‘I assure you there is no need. Unless guilt gives you pleasure, as I know it often can. All this fuss he’s making is just a fine excuse. Professor Bo knows an opportunity when he has one. Now he can sit down and do what he likes to do best.’
‘What’s that?’
‘Becoming a factotum. Making arrangements. Bo is a true meddler, a trader, a mixer, a fixer.’
‘Really?’
‘Professor Bo knows everyone, and everyone knows him. He’s on the Nobel Prize Committee, the Olympic Committee of literature. That opens every door to him, and places him among the great councils of the world.’
‘What’s he up to in his cabin?’
‘I expect telegraphing and telephoning, sending his messages and his proposals and his fixes back and forth. Washington and Paris, Stockholm and Rome. And Petersburg, of course. He knows Petersburg very well, it’s quite clear. These international operators are the true salt of the earth, you know.’
‘What about the Diderot Project? Is it still on?’
‘Oh, I think so, even more so. Why not? A little row about papers, it happens at every conference.’
‘I mean the news,’ I say. ‘Did you watch the television news this morning?’
For today the world of Russia looks even more troubled. Cameras panned across a blackened, burnt out White House, its windows gone, its walls licked with smoke scars, its parliament silenced and done for. Now angry crowds are massed everywhere under their tricoloured or red banners, and tanks are still rolling heavily through the streets. Bodies are rushed away on stretchers. In Moscow overnight a night curfew has been declared. Only Tzar Yeltsin seems unconcerned. There he is on television, stiffer and scarier than ever, like a grand yet undoubtedly powerful automaton: Papa Russia.
‘Friends, I bow my head in warm appreciation to the Russian people,’ he says, solemnly bowing down his silvery nob to camera.
‘Yes, I saw it,’ says Manders, looking amazingly unconcerned, as diplomats often do. ‘Things are plainly getting very interesting. Don’t you want to go to Russia?’
‘With the country in such a crisis I’m honestly not too sure I do.’
‘But when could it be more exciting?’
‘The middle of a revolution doesn’t seem the ideal time for going on an Enlightenment Project,’ I remark.
‘A very bad attitude,’ says Manders. ‘For one thing, whenever you come to Russia it’s going to be in crisis. Because Russia always is a crisis. Then I thought the Enlightenment was a revolution in itself. Reason has always been a source of trouble and difficulty. It always was and it always will be. This is what your friend the nephew is telling you, there in your book. Philosophy and virtue are perfectly all right in their place, but they have nothing much to do with anything. Remember what the nephew says? It’s very nice and respectable to think and discuss ideas and go to pleasant salons, if you’re a fine philosopher. But if by occupation you’re a worm, then you have to spend most of your time crawling. And you also rear up in anger and revenge when you get stepped on.’
‘True, of course,’ I say. ‘You know, I remember going to a conference in the Canary Islands once.’
‘You academics, it’s always a conference,’ says Manders, amused. ‘It was pleasant, was it?’
‘Not exactly. This was back in Franco’s time, and there was a student rebellion, a militant campaign for Canarian independence. I knew there was something wrong when I landed at the airport and the professor wasn’t there to meet me. Instead there was a group of students who seemed to have their jackets pulled up over their faces. They said the professor sent his warmest apologies, but unfortunately he was hiding up in the hills with his wife. He hoped it wouldn’t interfere with my lectures, and I’d be able to give the conference without him. As I was the only outside speaker, this wasn’t too encouraging. Then when I got to the university I found myself in the middle of a big student demonstration. The Spanish authorities were responding in kind as usual. There were civil guards with bullet-proofed Land Rovers and machine guns all over the university steps.’
‘They let you in, I hope?’
‘Of course. I was a visiting foreign lecturer. They even let in a few students, or maybe they sneaked in through the back doors. At any rate I was able to present my opening lecture. If I remember rightly, it was a radical new reading of
The Scarlet Letter
, Nathaniel Hawthorne’s story about puritanism and adultery. The only thing was, right in the middle of the lecture, when the argument was getting interesting, some sort of gun battle started outside. Then a few bullets came in through the windows and flew across the room. The students were very good really, and kept on listening fairly patiently while I explicated the significance of Hester Prynne as a symbol of natural passion. But I frankly have to confess to you the lecture really wasn’t one of my best.’
‘I can imagine.’
‘Still, we had a very useful discussion period. Then when I left the students who were protesting outside had disappeared. Except a couple of them lay dead on the steps.’
‘Oh dear.’
‘That evening some of the professor’s students drove me up to some bar high up on a remote mountain top so I could meet him. He was in extremely heavy disguise: big hat, dark glasses, false moustache, you know. His wife was the same, actually. He was very apologetic and said he was sorry to miss my lecture, since as he was working on Hawthorne too he’d been looking forward to my thoughts with delicious anticipation for weeks. But he did want me to understand that, since he was from the peninsula and had been appointed to his job by the Franco government, he’d probably have been assassinated if he’d attended. A difficult choice, he was kind enough to say. We had a meal together and then I went back to the university residences and he pulled an overcoat over his head and went off to a safe house somewhere in the hills.’
‘That was the end of the conference?’
‘Not at all,’ I have to explain. ‘The second day was dedicated to Melville’s
Moby Dick
. The troops and the Land Rovers were back all over the campus. But a few students managed to turn up all the same.’
‘Naturally. For
Moby Dick
.’
‘Quite. We had a tolerably useful discussion on the nature of American tragedy and the significance of the White Whale. The students were all very kind, and seemed to accept my interpretation. Then after it was over they bundled me up in a blanket and took me to the airport, so I could escape on the next plane to Madrid. Strangely enough, the professor who invited me and his wife were also on the flight, dressed as a pair of Benedictine nuns.’
‘What happened to them all?’
‘Oh, a few weeks later Morocco, I think it was, claimed ownership of the Canary Islands, and the independence movement changed its mind. They preferred to be Spanish after all. The professor and his wife were supposed to be Franco spies, but when democracy came they got chairs in Madrid and became quite famous. And I changed my views on
Moby Dick
.’
‘Quite a conference, then.’
‘As I say, not one of the pleasantest I’ve been to.’
‘Yet at least you remember it. How many of the others do you remember?’
‘All right, I admit, the ones I remember are those where everything goes wrong. Although now I come to think of it, most times I’ve lectured abroad there’s been crisis, revolution, or something similar.’
‘Really? It must be the way you tell them. So why is it unusual this time?’
‘It isn’t, really. It’s just that as the world goes on you hope things will start to get better. We are at the end of history, after all. Anyway, maybe with all this trouble they won’t even let us land.’
‘True,’ says Manders, ‘in Russia you never, never know. They may not allow us off the ship. They may detain us in the terminal. They may admit us to the country and then refuse to let us leave. It’s always this way with the Russian authorities. One day they’re the nicest and friendliest people in the world. The next they’re the most oppressive.’
‘Depending on which party’s in charge?’
‘That really makes no difference. Whatever party’s in charge, it’s usually the same people. The most fervent former Communists now manage the free market. The people who toast international friendship and open democracy are the same ones who run the repression. The people who run the police force also organize most of the crime. It’s a very simple system. Darwinian. The management of the beast. The survival of the fittest. Otherwise called riding the tiger of history.’
‘I can see you know a lot about it.’
‘I know everything about it. I spent five years as a cultural attaché in the Swedish consulate. I’m sure that’s why Bo thought I was going to be useful on this trip. I know all those officials.’
‘You were in Saint Petersburg, you mean?’
‘Yes, only then it was called Leningrad. To be honest, being very ancient enemies, the Swedes have always got on very well with the Russians. One end of the Baltic always needs the other. That’s why although we were western we had a high-minded pacifist policy. We let them have free run of the sea-routes, because they could have controlled them in any case. We let them fix up their nuclear submarines in Swedish ports. And the Russian Embassy in Stockholm was a very famous nest of spies.’
‘I presume you got something back in return?’
‘Yes. We were permitted our virtue. We were allow to smuggle people in and out all the time. Also manuscripts, scientific papers, books. That’s how a lot of samizdat got to the west. And then we always had our glorious secret weapon.’
‘What was that?’
‘The Nobel Prize, of course. It was bigger than ten battleships. If we felt they were treating their best scientists and writers too terribly, then we could always award them the famous prize.’
‘Did it help?’
‘Sometimes, not always. It made them a little afraid of us. We could never threaten them, but at least we could exercise our moral opinions. And this, you see, is one reason why Bo has so much influence now in Russia.’
‘Has he?’
‘Yes, of course. He’s been there a good many times. People understand his influence. He knows everyone at the university.’
‘And at the Hermitage library?’
‘I’m not so sure Bo is very much interested in libraries. His ambitions reach a little higher. I expect he’s really coming to find out about the best Russian writers and do some work on the prize.’
‘It sounds as if you liked Leningrad?’
‘I loved it. In those days I was young and liked my life salted with a little danger.’
‘They really were interesting times.’
‘Remarkable, wonderful, conspiratorial, horrible times. Leningrad when it was Leningrad. Pushkin called it the city that lived underneath the water, and somehow it was. Did you never go there?’
‘No. I went to Moscow once. Leningrad, very nearly.’
‘Oh, Moscow was quite different. And what does that mean, very nearly?’
‘Simply that the chance came my way. But then things turned out to be a little more complicated than I expected . . .’
And, as we lie there on our deckchairs on the cold quiet bridge deck, I tell Manders my tiny story about a certain Small Finnish Interlude . . .
DAY FIVE
SHE sits on the sofa, stitching at an embroidery frame and looking impatient. HE arrives with his stockings in disorder. SHE looks up crossly.
SHE
Late, Mr Librarian. Very late indeed.
HE
Yes. I’m sorry. I’m afraid the servants were very slow this morning.
SHE
But now it’s mid-afternoon.
HE
The streets were icy. The Neva is frozen. The bridge over the Winter Canal is closed.
SHE
Sir. Servants are always late, in Petersburg or Paris. So their masters should rise early. I warned you the Neva would freeze over. In November streets are always icy and the Winter Bridge is often closed. Surely a wise philosopher, using the tools of reason and logic, can work out how to give ten minutes more to a short journey in the city, in order to meet his Imperial Mother at the proper time?
HE
I’m sorry, Your Highness. The honest truth is I had a severe attack of the Neva colic. And I had to return in very great haste to the stool.
SHE
Cold water baths, that’s the answer. Go to the public bathhouse and dowse yourself in the cold water baths.
HE
The public bathhouse. Thank you. I will indeed.
SHE
Do you know my courtiers think you are mad, Dr Didro?
HE
Just a poor clown in your service, Your Highness.
SHE
Do you know why? Apparently you have been walking around this entire city asking questions. The Secret Office is getting extremely annoyed with you.
HE
It’s my occupation, Your Highness – asker of questions.
SHE
Who gave you permission?
HE
My curious mind gives me permission. If I am to give Your Highness answers about how to develop and improve her country, that’s because I’ll already have been asking questions. Aren’t I free?
SHE
Yes, you are free. But just as you are free to ask questions, my people are free not to give answers. If that is what they happen to choose.
HE
I’m not sure they choose on a rational basis. They say that if they answer a foreigner’s questions, their noses might be cut off.
SHE
Surely that’s a rational basis. And have you seen anyone in Sankt Peterburg with less than a whole nose?
HE
True, Your Highness. I haven’t.
SHE
You see? So what are these matters on which you wish to ask your questions?
HE
I’ve tried to ask them about education and the progress of manufacture. Tried to discover how the economy works.
SHE
And how does it?
HE
I’m far from clear that it does. I tried to find out if there were shops—
SHE
Of course. Lovely ones. Look on Nevsky Prospekt.
HE
I’ve tried to discover how many banks there are in Russia—
SHE
Then don’t ask strangers, merely ask me. How many banks are there in Russia, Dashkova?
DASHKOVA
I think . . . none, Your Royal Highness.
SHE
Nonsense. I always have money. More than enough.
DASHKOVA
You use the banks in Amsterdam, Your Highness. And the Rothschilds in Frankfurt . . . the Fuggers in Augsburg . . .
SHE looks triumphant.
SHE
There you are then. That is what we do here for money.
HE
Banks, I truly recommend them as a stimulus to trade. If you want progress, you have banks.
SHE
Why worry about those things? You are here to think, not to become some greedy shopkeeper.
HE
I like to reflect on the greater good of Russia.
SHE (
angry
)
I think that’s my job.
HE
I’m here to reason. But reason is useless without an application. It can create wealth, invention, discovery, trade and science. How big is Russia?
SHE
Do you know, when I took over the throne, there was no map of the nation in the whole court? True, Dashkova? If you asked one of the courtiers about Russia, he had no real idea of where it even was. I sent Dashkova out to buy a map for me, at a shop for sailors on Nevsky Prospekt.
HE
Splendid.
SHE
So you see, we do have shops.
DASHKOVA
Except when you found it sold maps, you closed the shop.
SHE
Don’t gossip, Dashkova. Find it and bring it here.
DASHKOVA goes to the cabinet in the corner and gets out a map.
SHE
When I looked at the map I saw what we had all ignored. Russia is the world’s biggest country—
DASHKOVA
And when you saw this you decided to make it bigger.
SHE
Of course. Now look here, Mr Philosopher. I have Sankt Peterburg, Moscow, Archangel, Vladivostok. A route by the Baltic to the English sea, a route by the Arctic to the American sea. Now, notice what’s missing?
HE
I’m not sure I do, Your Highness.
SHE
No? I have the world’s largest deposits of ice and snow, the biggest steppes, the hugest expanse of tundra. I have the largest inland lake. But what about sunshine?
HE
Sunshine? Ah – I think I understand. To complete the collection you would like to have the Mediterranean.
SHE
Your excellent friend Voltaire, who always has my concerns at heart, tells me I should take Constantinople.
HE stares at her.
HE
Voltaire advises you to capture Constantinople?
SHE
Does that surprise you?
HE
A little. Perhaps you might have read his novel
Zadig
?
SHE
Of course. I read everything he sends me. It’s the tale of an Arab philosopher who possesses great wisdom and thinks he should be the happiest of men. Only his lover rejects him, his wife betrays him, he’s sold into slavery and endures every kind of humiliation. But at last he marries the queen and establishes a great age of reason. I imagine that’s why you mention it?
HE
Not really. It’s because in the book Voltaire declares his love for Arab philosophy and the Musleem people. So why then would he advise you to take Constantinople?
SHE pouts at him.
SHE
You don’t believe me? I’ll show you his letter. He tells me to revenge the Greeks, end the captivity of the poor Turkish ladies, scourge the infidel, and restore the true Church to Byzantium. Oh, and put up my statue.
HE
We’re talking about Voltaire? The great atheist?
SHE
Deist. My philosopher and distant friend.
HE
The man who hates war above everything? Who mocks the folly of killing men simply because they wear turbans?
SHE smiles at him, takes out a letter.
SHE
Read his letter, see. ‘Perhaps one day you will have three capitals, Sankt Peterburg, Moscow, Byzantium. Remember, Byzantium is far better situated than the other two.’
HE
Your Highness, if I were a sovereign, I should want my generals to advise me on matters of conquest, and my philosophers to advise me on morals and metaphysics. Never the other way round.
SHE
But surely there are just wars, and moral conquests?
HE
Yes. That’s always the opinion. On both sides.
SHE
Oh, my dear Mr Philosopher. You know, I am good, and everyone knows I am as gentle as anyone alive. But I just can’t help terribly wanting the things I mean to have.
HE
So yesterday a Rubens. Today a Byzantium.
SHE looks at him coyly.
SHE
Maybe I should have asked Voltaire to come here instead of you. He writes to me constantly, enquiring about your progress. I think he is a little jealous of you. And perhaps just a little bit in love with me.
HE
What philosopher would not be?
SHE
Very well, sir. Now excuse me, the English Ambassador is out there, getting very impatient. Go away now, and just think what it means to be a monarch.
HE rises.
HE
I will, Your Majesty—
SHE
And remember what I told you. Cold baths. That’s what we do here, isn’t it, Dashkova?
DASHKOVA
Yes. Your Imperial Highness is always making us take cold baths for everything. I’ll see you out, Monsieur Didro.
END OF DAY FIVE