Why Government Fails So Often: And How It Can Do Better (89 page)

Small Business Administration,
282
Smith, Adam,
28
,
200
Social Security,
8
,
26
,
54
,
96
,
118
,
176
,
181

82
,
187
,
202
,
364
,
371
; grid system,
286
; success of,
337

39
; trust fund label,
338
; 1983 reform of,
153
Social Security Act,
328
,
391
Social Security Administration,
210
Social Security Disability Insurance.
See
disability
Solyndra,
267
Sowell, Thomas,
329
state and local governments,
17
,
95
,
148
.
See also
decentralization
;
localism
Stewart, Jon,
318
Stiglitz, Joseph,
216
,
272
student loans,
9
,
260
,
262
,
383
Stuntz, William,
306
success and failure of programs: anachronistic policies,
177

79
; examples of success,
327

68
,
409
; government ambition effect on,
411
; reasons for,
363

64
.
See also
failure
Sunstein, Cass,
158
,
387
,
390
,
404

5
; data in private sector,
394
; libertarian paternalism,
404
; look-back,
390
,
405
;
Nudge
,
404
;
Simpler: The Future of Government
,
404
; soft paternalism,
404
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program.
See
food stamp program
Supplemental Security Income,
146

47
Supreme Court,
3
,
185
,
217
,
286
,
296
Swift, Earl,
341
Taleb, Nassim Nicholas,
58
,
172
tax expenditures,
82
,
173
; employer-provided health insurance,
180
Tennessee Valley Authority,
154
Tesla Motors,
268
Tetlock, Philip,
57

58
Thaler, Richard,
387
,
404
Tobin, James,
198

199
Tocqueville, Alexis de,
102
,
113
,
375
Turner, Frederick Jackson,
333
Turner, Sarah,
395
Tversky, Amos,
157
unemployment insurance,
8
,
145
U.S. Postal Service,
65
,
175
,
250
; and United Parcel Service,
175
U.S. Sentencing Commission,
77
Verba, Sidney,
113
Veterans Administration,
146
,
191
,
215
Viscusi, W. Kip,
244
Volcker, Paul,
198
,
406
Volcker Rule,
79
,
179
,
236

38
,
282
Voting Rights Act of 1965,
26
,
177
,
287
,
328
,
330
,
345

50
,
365
; Department of Justice and,
348
; effects of,
345

46
; federal courts and,
350
; minority office holding and,
346
; section 5 of,
348
Wald, Patricia,
292
Wall Street Journal
,
268
,
291
War on Drugs,
19
Warren, Elizabeth,
396
; student loans and,
396
waste.
See
fraud, waste, and abuse
Weber, Max,
307
,
313
welfare programs,
116
,
147
,
155
,
349
,
353
,
356

59
,
364
,
366
,
391

92
,
397
Welfare Reform Act of 1996,
328
,
356

59
Westen, Peter,
112
whistle-blowers,
137
,
252
,
305
,
322
,
401
; Whistle Blower Protection Act of 1989,
322
Wildavsky, Aaron,
42
,
213
,
230
,
234
,
236
,
239
Wilson, James Q.,
16
,
21
,
29
,
59
,
103
,
105
,
138

39
,
307
,
323
,
375
,
411
Winston, Clifford,
22

23
,
52
,
63
,
241
,
247

51
Wolf, Charles,
149
,
150
,
152
,
156
,
169
,
171
; derivative externalities,
151
; internalities,
149

50
; nonmarket failures,
149
Work Opportunity Tax Credit,
291
workers,
22
,
47
,
70
,
109
,
111
,
133
,
138
,
145

46
,
148
,
180
,
190
,
194

95
,
204
,
212
,
221
,
243

44
,
250

51
,
253
,
257
,
285
,
291
,
332
,
338
,
351
,
353
,
358
,
366
; federal civil service,
308
,
319
,
321

26
; transit,
22
World Governance Indicators,
12
Zeckhauser, Richard,
183

84
“zero-credit policymaking,”
152

54

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