5 Steps to a 5 AP Psychology, 2010-2011 Edition (78 page)

(A) Sigmund Freud

(B) Carl Jung

(C) B. F. Skinner

(D) Karen Horney

(E) Albert Bandura

38.
Which of the following is a hallucination?

(A) thinking you are President of the United States

(B) being sure that your boss is out to get you

(C) thinking this is 2010

(D) feeling extraordinarily happy and agitated one moment, then extraordinarily depressed the next

(E) hearing voices that are not actually there

39.
Stella remembered the order of the planets from the Sun by recalling the sentence, “My very educated mother just served us noodles.” For Stella, this sentence is a

(A) chunking strategy

(B) mnemonic device

(C) peg system

(D) acoustic encoding sequence

(E) proactive interference inhibitor

40.
Which of the following is caused by a teratogen?

(A) Tay-Sachs disease

(B) Klinefelter’s syndrome

(C) Turner’s syndrome

(D) Down syndrome

(E) Fetal alcohol syndrome

41.
In classical conditioning the learner learns to associate the unconditioned stimulus with

(A) an unconditioned response

(B) a conditioned stimulus

(C) a conditioned response

(D) a negative reinforcer

(E) a punishment

42.
According to Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) theory, of the following stages, we are most susceptible to disease during

(A) resolution

(B) resistance

(C) alarm

(D) exhaustion

(E) extinction

43.
Jeanette locked the front door, then checked it by turning the knob. She checked it a second time. After walking halfway down the path to the street, Jeanette went back to the door and checked to make sure that it was locked. Her behavior appears to be

(A) psychotic

(B) schizophrenic

(C) obsessive

(D) compulsive

(E) manic

44.
Carlos could consistently differentiate the note middle C on the violin from middle C on the piano because of the difference in

(A) frequency

(B) primary wavelength

(C) amplitude

(D) timbre

(E) volume

45.
Hunger, thirst, and sex are most closely associated with stimulation of the

(A) pons

(B) cerebellum

(C) hypothalamus

(D) temporal lobes

(E) basal ganglia

46.
For which of the following disorders might a psychiatrist prescribe a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor such as Prozac
^®
or Paxil
^®
?

(A) manic

(B) depressive

(C) dissociative identity

(D) conversion

(E) disorganized schizophrenic

47.
Jared thinks that going to psychology lecture classes is a waste of time, and that you can do just as well in the course if you just read the review book, watch “Discovering Psychology,” and take the tests. He decides to test his hypothesis with an experiment. The independent variable in his experiment is

(A) going to lecture classes

(B) going to lecture classes, reading the review book, and watching “Discovering Psychology”

(C) not going to lecture classes, reading the review book, and watching “Discovering Psychology”

(D) just taking tests

(E) doing as well on tests without going to class as with going to class

48.
In class, John’s teacher tells him that she will give him the coin and bill for each picture he can correctly identify on the face of the penny, nickel, dime, quarter, half-dollar, dollar bill, and five-dollar bill. John cannot identify any of them although he has been handling money for 17 years. His inability to remember the pictures most likely results from

(A) confabulation

(B) failure to reconstruct

(C) failure to encode

(D) deep processing

(E) repression

49.
Stranded in a deserted area after a boating accident, Harry was able to survive by eating leaves and insects, and drinking water he boiled in a fire he made. According to Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences, Harry displayed a high level of which of the following intelligences?

(A) naturalistic

(B) interpersonal

(C) verbal-linguistic

(D) mathematical

(E)
g

50.
Menarche occurs at about age

(A) 12 in males only

(B) 12 in females only

(C) 12 in both sexes

(D) 12 in females and 14 in males

(E) 50 in females only

51.
Amy’s therapist shakes her head affirmatively and says, “Yes, uh huh,” as Amy talks about her problems. Which of the following treatments did she experience?

(A) psychoanalysis

(B) behavior therapy

(C) humanistic therapy

(D) cognitive therapy

(E) existential therapy

52.
Lucille suffered a stroke last week and cannot recognize her children or grandchildren by looking at them. Of the following structures, her brain lesion is most likely in the

(A) cerebellum

(B) hypothalamus

(C) amygdala

(D) left cerebral cortex

(E) right cerebral cortex

53.
According to the Gestalt organizing principles of perception, when you look at, “i n car n a t e,” you tend to notice the word car rather than in, nate, at, or ate, because of

(A) continuity

(B) the phi phenomenon

(C) similarity

(D) figure-ground

(E) proximity

54.
Which of the following is a secondary reinforcer?

(A) food

(B) water

(C) money

(D) sex

(E) token economy

55.
An action potential involves the movement of

(A) glucose into the axon

(B) fats out of the axon terminal

(C) molecules in the synaptic gap

(D) sodium ions into the axon

(E) fluoride ions out of the axon

56.
Dr. Bonneau helped a company redesign its offices to raise morale and productivity of the employees. With which of the following subfields of psychology is Dr. Bonneau most likely affiliated?

(A) counseling

(B) educational

(C) industrial/organizational

(D) developmental

(E) social

57.
Shafi cited Tony’s and David’s 100% math test scores in providing evidence that boys do better in math than girls. His failure to recognize that seven girls in the class earned 100% while only two boys earned that score best exemplifies

(A) hindsight bias

(B) confirmation bias

(C) functional fixedness

(D) proactive interference

(E) retroactive interference

58.
Which of the following usually increases with age in healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 70?

(A) fluid intelligence

(B) crystallized intelligence

(C)
g

(D) speededness

(E) IQ scores

59.
In general, the best presentation time between the conditioned stimulus and unconditioned stimulus to produce classical conditioning is

(A) delayed

(B) simultaneous

(C) trace

(D) backward

(E) temporal

60.
Which of the following is generally considered a disadvantage of longitudinal developmental research?

   I. It is extremely costly

  II. Members of the original study drop out over time

III. The cohort effect

(A) I only

(B) II only

(C) III only

(D) I and II only

(E) I, II, and III

61.
After she used address stickers sent by a charity in the mail, Brittany felt obligated to mail a donation to the organization that sent the stickers. Brittany’s behavior illustrates

(A) stereotyping

(B) the fundamental attribution error

(C) the mere exposure effect

(D) the reciprocity norm

(E) groupthink

62.
Which best represents the path of an impulse over a reflex arc?

(A) receptor, afferent neuron, interneuron, efferent neuron, effector

(B) receptor, efferent neuron, interneuron, afferent neuron, affector

(C) sensory neuron, interneuron, afferent neuron, efferent neuron, effector

(D) effector, sensory neuron, afferent neuron, interneuron, receptor

(E) sensor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, efferent neuron, effector

63.
“Mommy gived me a cookie” best illustrates a basic understanding of

(A) phonemes

(B) prelinguistic speech

(C) holophrases

(D) grammar

(E) etymology

64.
Which of the following disorders is most likely related to the amount of light to which a susceptible person is exposed?

(A) seasonal affective disorder

(B) claustrophobia

(C) Alzheimer’s disease

(D) catatonic schizophrenia

(E) disorganized schizophrenia

65.
Mr. Gordon suffered damage to the back of his right frontal lobe. As a result, he is unable to

(A) understand information he hears

(B) understand information he reads

(C) speak intelligibly

(D) move his left hand

(E) lift his right foot

66.
A comprehensive final examination in AP Psychology that consists of questions dealing solely with motivation and emotion, social psychology, and the biological basis of behavior units lacks

(A) content validity

(B) predictive validity

(C) test–retest reliability

(D) alternate-forms reliability

(E) standardization

67.
In a team tug of war, Ty did not pull as hard as he would have if he were pulling alone against one competitor. His behavior exemplifies

(A) deindividuation

(B) groupthink

(C) social loafing

(D) bystander effect

(E) self-serving bias

68.
Functionalists such as William James were mainly interested in

(A) the purpose of behavioral acts

(B) identifying the smallest unit of behavior

(C) the basic elements of consciousness

(D) teaching introspection

(E) studying the whole conscious experience

69.
Mayella believes that getting a good grade on an AP exam is a matter of luck. She most likely has

(A) high academic self-efficacy

(B) an internal locus of control

(C) an external locus of control

(D) high achievement motivation

(E) achieved self-actualization

70.
Which of the following is NOT an anxiety disorder?

(A) panic disorder

(B) hypochondriasis

(C) agoraphobia

(D) post-traumatic stress disorder

(E) obsessive-compulsive disorder

71.
Which of the following is not considered a primary facial expression?

(A) surprise

(B) disgust

(C) anger

(D) love

(E) fear

72.
The most common form of Down syndrome results during sex cell formation and fertilization from

(A) three copies of chromosome 19

(B) three copies of chromosome 21

(C) loss of a chromosome

(D) failure of the separation of XX

(E) failure of the separation of XY

73.
In time-out, a disruptive child who wants to stay with his/her class is removed from the classroom. This exemplifies

(A) positive reinforcement

(B) negative reinforcement

(C) positive punishment

(D) omission training

(E) classical conditioning

74.
According to activation-synthesis theory,

(A) the brain counteracts a strong positive emotion by evoking a negative emotion

(B) dreams result from the mind’s attempt to make sense of random neural activity from the brainstem

(C) happiness depends on comparing one’s present circumstances with one’s past circumstances

(D) particular facial expressions induce particular emotional experiences

(E) hypnosis induces a dissociated state of consciousness

75.
According to the opponent process theory of emotions,

(A) red emotions are followed by green emotions

(B) happiness and unhappiness combine to keep someone relatively stable over a lifetime

(C) repetitions of an emotion-arousing event strengthen the opposing emotion

(D) opposing emotions after a primary emotion are always weaker than the primary one

(E) judgments of emotions are relative to a neutral level defined by prior experience

76.
After dealing kindly with several customers who acted very rudely toward her, the clerk was impatient with her next customer. The tendency of that customer to think that the clerk is a very impatient person rather than just having a bad day exemplifies

(A) stereotyping

(B) the fundamental attribution error

(C) the mere exposure effect

(D) the reciprocity norm

(E) groupthink

77.
Abnormal behavior can be defined as maladaptive behavior according to

(A) biologists

(B) behaviorists

(C) psychoanalysts

(D) humanists

(E) cognitivists

78.
Use of brainstorming to solve a problem best encourages which of the following?

(A) divergent thinking

(B) convergent thinking

(C) deductive reasoning

(D) groupthink

(E) conformity

79.
According to trait theorists, such as Hans Eysenck, the basis for personality is