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Authors: Marc Morris
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5
Guisborough, 240;
CPR, 1292–1301
, 15 (the writ is vacated because the embassy was cancelled: see Trabut-Cussac,
L’Administration
, 108n).
6
Powicke,
Thirteenth Century
, 644; Guisborough, 241.
7
Powicke,
Thirteenth Century
, 645–6; P. Chaplais, ‘Réglement des Conflits Internationaux Franco-Anglais au 14e Siècle, 1293–1377’,
Essays in Medieval Diplomacy
, ix, 271–2; idem,
English Medieval Diplomatic Practice, Part I
(2 vols., HMSO, 1982), i, 394–5,
Itinerary
, ii, 43–6;
AM
, iv, 513.
8
M. Vale,
The Angevin Legacy and the Hundred Years War, 1230–1340
(Oxford, 1990), 183; Chaplais, ‘Réglement des Conflits’, 272–3.
9
Duncan,
Kingship
, 320–1; Barrow,
Bruce
, 58–9, 62.
10
Vale,
Angevin Legacy
, 184–7, 196; Howell,
Eleanor of Provence
, 136–7.
11
DNB
, xvii, 759.
12
CPR, 1292–1301
, 33. The failure of the legal ambassadors by November is inferred from the reappearance of one of their number (Roger Brabazon) in England.
RCWL
, 117.
13
Foedera
, I, ii, 794; Chaplais,
English Medieval Diplomatic Practice
, ii, 428n.
14
Ibid.
15
Vale,
Angevin Legacy
, 196–7; Strayer,
Reign of Philip the Fair
, 369.
16
Vale,
Angevin Legacy
, 179, 196–200.
17
DNB
, viii, 901; xxxii, 512;
AM
, iv, 515; Cotton, 232.
18
Foedera
, I, ii, 794; Vale,
Angevin Legacy
, 190.
19
Itinerary
, ii, 52–4; Cotton, 233.
20
Salzman,
Edward I
, 111;
Evesham
, 573.
21
Powicke,
Thirteenth Century
, 648; Chaplais,
English Medieval Diplomatic Practice
, ii, 428n;
Foedera
, I, ii, 800.
22
Bury
, 118; W. M. Ormrod, ‘Love and War in 1294’,
TCE
, viii (2001), 148–50.
23
Evesham
, 573; Guisborough, 243; Langtoft, ii, 202–3.
24
J. R. Strayer, ‘The Costs and Profits of War: The Anglo-French Conflict of 1294–1303’,
The Medieval City
, ed. H. A. Miskimin, D. Herlihy and A. J. Udovich (New Haven and London, 1977), 273; Trabut-Cussac,
L’Administration
, 108.
25
Tyerman,
England and the Crusades
, 236.
26
Kaeuper,
Bankers
, 209, 218–21 (although 12 June given wrongly as 2 June); Denton,
Winchelsey
, 61, 63.
27
Morris,
Bigod Earls
, 118, 125–6, 155;
PW
, 259–62.
28
Itinerary
, ii, 58; J. Gillingham, ‘Richard I, Galley Warfare and Portsmouth: The Beginnings of a Royal Navy’,
TCE
, vi (1997), 1–15; M. K. Vaughn, ‘“Mount the War-Horses, Take your Lance in your Grip…”: Logistics Preparations for the Gascon Campaign of 1294’,
TCE
, viii (2001), 97–111.
29
PW
, 25;
Evesham
, 573–4;
Rôles Gascons
, ed. Francisque-Michel and Bémont, iii, no. 2934.
30
NHI
, 260;
Bury
, 123.
31
AM
, iv, 515–17;
Evesham
, 574;
PW
, 262–3.
32
Prestwich,
Edward I
, 402–3;
EHD
, iii, 469;
PW
, 25–6.
33
PW
, 263–4.
34
Itinerary
, ii, 62;
Evesham
, 574; Guisborough, 244.
35
Carpenter,
Struggle
, 268;
Select Pleas in Manorial and Other Seignorial
Courts
, ed. F. W. Maitland (Selden Society, ii, 1889), 76–9; Morris,
Welsh Wars
, 241–2.
36
Denton,
Winchelsey
, 67–75; Powicke,
Thirteenth Century
, 484.
37
Morris,
Welsh Wars
, 242;
PW
, 26–7.
38
Morris,
Welsh Wars
, 242;
Prests
, xxvii–xxviii;
KW
, i, 364, 377.
39
Guisborough, 251; Davies,
Age of Conquest
, 382–3; Prestwich,
Edward I, 219
.
40
Langtoft, ii, 220–1; Morris,
Welsh Wars
, 242, 244; Guisborough, 244, says the delayed fleet left around 9 October.
41
EHD
, iii, 469; Prestwich,
Edward I
, 404;
Itinerary
, ii, 64–5.
42
Davies,
Age of Conquest
, 383;
Prests
, xxix–xxx.
43
KW
, i, 348–50, 364;
Prests
, xxx.
44
Ibid., xxxii–xxxiv.
45
Bury
, 125; Cotton, 256; Guisborough, 251–2.
46
Robert Winchelsea had reached the king and sworn fealty before 4 February:
Prests
, xxxii, n.
47
Ibid., xxxiv; R. F. Walker, ‘The Hagnaby Chronicle and the Battle of Maes Moydog’,
Welsh History Review
, 8 (1976), 127.
48
Ibid., 127–38;
Prests
, xxxviii; Prestwich,
Edward I
, 223.
49
Prests
, xxviii, xxxix–xl; Beresford,
New Towns of the Middle Ages
, 49–50.
50
Prests
, xxxv, xxxix–xliv.
51
On his journey south in May he had travelled via Llanrug:
Itinerary
, ii, 72.
52
Prests
, xliv–xlvi.
53
Prestwich,
Edward I
, 382–3.
54
Calendar of Documents relating to Ireland, 1293–1301
(HMSO, 1881), 88 (no. 204);
AM
, iv, 521;
PW
, i. 28–9.
55
Flores
, iii, 94;
Itinerary
, ii, 64; R. C. Anderson, ‘English Galleys in 1295’,
Mariners’ Mirror
, 14 (1928), 221;
PROME
, 77.
56
PW
, 226, 267; Cotton, 299; above, 178–9.
57
NA E159/68, mm. 73–5. Cf. F. J. Willard,
Parliamentary Taxes on Personal Property, 1290 to 1334
(Cambridge Mass., 1934), 111–12.
58
Denton,
Winchelsey
, 72;
HBC
, 104;
CCR, 1288–96
, 422.
59
E. B. Fryde, ‘Magnate Debts to Edward I and Edward III: A Study of Common Problems and Contrasting Royal Reactions to Them’,
National Library of Wales Journal
, 27 (1992), 263–7.
60
Ibid., 262–3;
Prests
, xlviii;
WPF
, 236n.
61
Fryde, ‘Magnate Debts’, 262.
62
A. Z. Freeman, ‘A Moat Defensive: The Coast Defense Scheme of 1295’,
Speculum
, 42 (1967), 442–62; R. J. Whitwell and C. Johnson, ‘The “Newcastle” Galley, A.D. 1294’,
Archaeologia Aeliana
, 4th series, 2 (1926), 143;
HBC
, 135.
63
Prests
, xlvii;
Select Cases in the Court of King’s Bench
, vol. 3, ed. G. O. Sayles (Selden Society, lviii, 1939), xlv, 50–1; J. G. Edwards, ‘The Treason of Thomas Turbeville’,
Studies in Medieval History Presented to F. M. Powicke
(Oxford, 1948), 296–309;
EHD
, iii, 918–19.
64
RCWL
, 125;
PW
, 391–2. These pardons were not simultaneous, but spread over several weeks: NA E159/68, m. 76.
65
NA E159/68, m. 46v (Fryde, ‘Magnate Debts’, 263). The four pardoned their tax were Arundel, William de Vescy, Henry de Grey and Peter de Mauley:
PW
, 391–2.
66
PW
, 29–31; D. A. Carpenter, ‘The Beginnings of Parliament’,
Reign of Henry III
, 381, 406–8.
67
PW
, 32–3, 45–6; Cotton, 299;
DNB
, xi, 749.
68
Denton,
Winchelsey
, 7–12, 86–8.
67
Barrow,
Bruce
, 63–4.
70
Edwards, ‘Treason of Thomas Turbeville’, 298–9. Cf. Duncan,
Kingship
, 321–4.