An Introduction to Islamic Law (55 page)

darura
(necessity)
116

Dato Sri Paduka Tuan
59

decentralization
109
,
161

derivation, Islamic law
14
–30

legal pluralism
27

overview
1

reasoning
19
–27

subjects, contents/arrangement
28
–30

transmission of texts
16
–19

Directorate of Religious Justice (Indonesia)
159

disapproved acts
20

discretionary punishments (
ta’zir
)
155
–56,
157

disputes
57
–59

divorce
25
,
120

“delegated”
127

Indonesia and
159
,
160

Iran and
127
,
152

lapsed payments and litigation
66

“triple”
132

unilateral
20
,
67
,
117
,
131
–32,
152

women and
125

See also
khul

doctrinal loyalty
32
,
33
–34

doctrine, collective legal
32
–37

documentation of cases
102

domestic violence
67
–68

Dow, Alexander
76

dower
128

droit musulman-algérien
(legislative body)
111

Dutch
89
–93,
158
–59

Dutch East India Company
89

East India Company (EIC)
85
,
88
,
89

education
92
,
114

See also
madrasa
s

education, legal

centralized
81

and politics
2
,
38
–56

See also
legal schools (
madhhab
)

Egypt

child custody
134
,
146

Constitution
145
,
146

divorce and
146

dower and
128

inheritance and
136

Islamist movement
142
,
143
–47

land law and
99
,
100

Law (1929)
131
,
133
,
134

Law (2005)
134

marriage of minors
130

modernization
103
–06,
117

national courts
145
,
147

orphans and
136

Ottoman Empire and
93

polygamy and
130

pre-modern governance
81
,
82

reforms and
109
,
117
,
119
,
127
,
128
,
130
,
131
,
133
,
134
,
136
,
138
,
143
–47

Setback (of 1967)
145

ulama strength and
141

waqf
s and
138
,
145

elders
59
,
90

elitism
49
,
98
,
103
,
164

endowments
See
waqf
s (endowments)

Enforcement of Shariat Ordinance (1988) (Pakistan)
150

English law
86
,
131

entertainment
157

equality
128

executoire verklaring
161

extended family
58
–59,
125
,
129
,
135

family

extended
58
–59,
125
,
129
,
135

life
152

nuclear
120
,
125
,
135
,
136
,
137
,
138

waqf
s
112
,
137
–39

family law

Algeria
114
,
124

India
89

Indonesia
115

Iran
127
,
152

Morocco
123

new patriarchy and
118
–26

reengineering
126
–39

See also
personal status

Family Protection Act (1975) (Iran)
152

fasl
s (sections)
28

fasting
26

fatwa
s
9
–11,
13
,
78
,
109
,
142
,
155
,
157

Federal Shariat Court (FSC) (Pakistan)
150
–51

fees, Ottoman judges and
82
,
97

feminist movements
126
,
128

five universal principles of Shar
ia
26

forbidden acts
20

foreign consuls
98

formative period, government, law and
39
–47

founders
49
,
52

“four quarters, the” (fields of law)
28
–30

four sources, of law
17

France

Algeria and
110
–14,
120
–21

civil codes and
102
,
121

commercial codes and
98
,
99

Egypt and
104
,
106

Iran and
152

legal model
119

Ottoman Empire and
95
,
99

waqf
, proposed abolition
100