14
Michael Billington,
State of the Nation: British Theatre since 1945
(2007), p. 307.
15
Quoted in Nicholas Faith,
A Very Different Country: A Typically English Revolution
(2002), p. 234.
16
The Observer
, 18 March 2007.
17
This point was made by Thatcher’s biographer, John Campbell,
Margaret Thatcher, Vol. 2: The Iron Lady
(2003), p.
412.
18
Rittner, interview with the author, 16 March 2011.
19
Howard Brenton in the
Guardian
, 29 November 1990; quoted in George W. Brandt (ed.),
British Television Drama in the
1980s
(1993), p. 9.
20
Leonard Quart, ‘British Film in the Thatcher Era’, in Stanislao Pugliese (ed.),
The Political Legacy of Margaret
Thatcher
(2003), p. 224.
21
Roberts,
About Churchill
, p. 109.
22
Billington,
State of the Nation
, p. 284.
23
Graham Stewart,
The History of The Times
, vol. 7:
The Murdoch Years
(2005), p. 115.
24
The Times
, 4 April 1984.
25
Fay,
Power Play
, p. 302.
26
Fay,
Power Play
, p. 304.
27
The Times
, 31 March 1981.
28
Strong,
The Roy Strong Diaries
, p. 412 (1 April 1987).
29
Cork,
New Spirit, New Sculpture, New Money
, p. 15
30
Cork,
New Spirit, New Sculpture, New Money
, pp. 15–16.
31
‘De Kooning Work Sells For Record $20.6 million’,
Los Angeles Times
, 9 November 1989.
32
Sir Harold Wilson to the House of Commons, 5 December 1979, and
Daily Express
, 6 December 1979; quoted in Peter Chippindale
and Suzanne Franks,
Dished!: The Rise and Fall of British Satellite Broadcasting
(1991), p. 3.
33
Labour Party,
Labour’s Programme 1982
(1982), p. 214.
34
Quoted in Des Freedman,
Television Polices of the Labour Party, 1951–2001
(2003), p. 121.
35
The Times
, 1 November 1984.
36
Quoted in Jeremy Isaacs,
Storm Over 4: A Personal Account
(1989), p. 59.
37
Quoted in Isaacs,
Storm Over 4
, p. 65.
38
Matthew Horsman,
Sky High: The Inside Story of BSkyB
(1997), p. 2.
39
Quoted in Horsman,
Sky High
, p. 52.
40
Lord Whitelaw, House of Lords, 9 October 1990; quoted in Chippindale and Franks,
Dished!
, p. 268.
41
Andrew Neil,
Full Disclosure
(1997), p. 308.
42
Quoted in Horsman,
Sky High
, p. 75.
43
Chippindale and Franks,
Dished!
, Appendix.
44
Quoted in Horsman,
Sky High
, p. 69.
45
Nigel Lawson,
The View from No. 11: Memoirs of a Tory Radical
(1992), p. 314.
46
Brandt,
British Television Drama in the 1980s
, p. 142.
47
Recollection of Rupert Murdoch; quoted in Horsman,
Sky High
, p. 72.
48
Labour’s submission to the Peacock Commission; quoted in Freedman,
Television Policies of the Labour Party
, pp.
137–8.
49
Quoted in
The Times
, 4 July 1986.
50
Quoted in Freedman,
Television Polices of the Labour Party
, p. 139.
51
Letter from Thatcher to Bruce Gyngell; quoted in the
Guardian
, 18 October 1991.
52
Alwyn Turner,
Rejoice! Rejoice!: Britain in the 1980s
(2010), p. 293.
53
William Shawcross,
Murdoch
(1992), pp. 350–1.
54
Studies by Monica Simms and Equity, 1985; cited in Brandt,
British Television Drama in the 1980s
, p. 219.
55
‘The New Alternatives’,
The Spectator
, 7 August 2010.
56
John Lloyd, interview,
Best Ever Spitting Image
, ITV, 26 June 2006.
57
Lord Steel and Lord Owen, interviews,
Best Ever Spitting Image
.
58
Bernard Ingham, interview,
Best Ever Spitting Image
.
59
Thatcher at the 1984 National Viewers and Listeners Association award ceremony; quoted in Brandt,
British Television Drama in
the 1980s
, p. 82.
60
Paul Eddington in January 1984; quoted in Brandt,
British Television Drama in the 1980s
, p. 63.
61
Variety
, 21 May 1986, and Herbert Kretzmer in the
Daily Mail
, 10 January 1986; quoted in Brandt,
British
Television Drama in the 1980s
, p. 64.
62
British Film and Television Producers’ Association statistics; cited in
The Times
, 23 December 1989.
63
Sarah Street,
British National Cinema
(1997), p. 22.
64
Variety
magazine
65
A panel of Britain’s leading film-makers voted
Withnail & I
the second-best British film made between 1984 and
2009.
Trainspotting
(1996) came first.
Observer
, 30 August 2009.
66
The Times
, 23 December 1989.
67
Daily Mail
, 30 June 1983; quoted in Turner,
Rejoice! Rejoice!
, p. 208.
68
Street,
British National Cinema
, p. 20.
Chapter 10
1
Among some architects, the loathing was so deep that even twenty-five years later, when, in May 2009, Prince Charles was asked to
address RIBA in its 175th anniversary year, Peter Ahrends, whose proposed National Gallery extension the prince had singled out for particular attack, was among prominent architects, who also
included Will Alsop and Piers Gough, who organized a boycott of his speech.
2
China Wharf, 29 Mill Street, completed in 1989 by CZWG, was on the cover of
The Phone Book
, London residential L–Z,
December 1990.
3
Quoted in David Kynaston,
The City of London
, vol. 4:
A Club No More 1945–2000
(2001), p. 700.
4
Quinlan Terry, ‘Origin of the Orders’, in
Architectural Review
, February 1983, reprinted in Quinlan Terry,
Selected Works
(1993), pp. 126–8.
5
Alan Clark,
Diaries
(2000), p. 350 (17 November 1990).
6
David Watkin, ‘A New Order for Office Buildings’,
City Journal
, Spring 1996.
7
Peter Murray and Stephen Trombley,
Modern Architecture Guide: Britain
(1990), p. 12.
8
See, for instance, Quinlan Terry, speech to the Cambridge Union Society, January 1990, in Terry,
Selected Works
, p. 133.
9
Prince Charles, speech delivered at Hampton Court Palace for the 150th anniversary of the Royal Institute of British Architects, 30
May 1984, Prince of Wales website: Articles and Speeches.
10
Planning and Communication Committee Annual Dinner, 1 December 1987, Prince of Wales website: Articles and Speeches.
11
New York Times
, 9 September 1989.
12
Thatcher to the Conservative Party conference, 9 October 1987, Margaret Thatcher Foundation.
13
Charles Jencks,
Post-Modern Triumphs in London
(1991), p. 10; Martin Pawley obituary,
Independent
, 12 April
2008.
14
New York Times
, 9 September 1989.
15
Martin Pawley obituary,
Guardian
, 11 March 2008.
16
Jencks,
Post-Modern Triumphs in London
, p. 16.
Chapter 11
1
Patrick Humphries,
Melody Maker
, 12 September 1981.
2
Quoted in Simon Reynolds,
Rip It Up and Start Again: Postpunk 1978–1984
(2005), p. 503. Horn also said:
‘It’s my job to enhance their ideas. No one complained when George Martin did that to The Beatles, adding a cello or harpsichord. Technology is there to be used.’ Quoted in
The
Times
, 14 February 1985.
3
Paul Morley interview,
The Quietus
, 15 December 2008.
4
Steve Strange,
Blitzed!
(2002), pp. 42, 46–8; David Rimmer
, New Romantics: The Look
(2003), pp. 53, 35; Rusty
Egan interview,
The Guardian
, 15 May 2010.
5
Quoted in Reynolds,
Rip It Up and Start Again
, p. 375.
6
Reynolds,
Rip It Up and Start Again
, p. 531.
7
Reynolds,
Rip It Up and Start Again
, p. 413.
8
The Times
, 11 December 1990.
9
Reynolds,
Rip It Up and Start Again
, pp. 286, 281.
10
Suggs, interview with Paul Gambaccini for MTV, 1983.
11
John Reed,
House of Fun: The Story of Madness
(2010), p. 193.
12
Johnny Marr, interview for
The South Bank Show
, ITV, 18 October 1987.
13
Quoted in Johnny Rogan,
Morrissey & Marr: The Severed Alliance
(1993), p. 215.
14
Paul Lester, sleeve notes to
The Very Best of The Smiths
, 2001.
15
Quoted in Rogan,
Morrissey & Marr
, p. 255.
16
Quoted in Rogan,
Morrissey & Marr
, p. 207.
17
Quoted in Rogan,
Morrissey & Marr
, p. 209.
18
Johnny Marr to
Hot Press
; quoted in Rogan,
Morrissey & Marr
, p. 256.
19
Quoted in James Nice,
Shadowplayers: The Rise and Fall of Factory Records
(2010), p. 184.
20
Dave Haslam,
Manchester England: The Story of the Pop Cult City
(1999), p. 170.
21
Vernon Coleman in
The Sun
, 19 October 1988; quoted in Matthew Collin,
Altered State: The Story of Ecstasy Culture and
Acid House
(1998), p. 77.
22
Quoted in Collin,
Altered State
, p. 101.
23
Quoted in Collin,
Altered State
, p. 111.
24
Daily Mail
, leading article, 26 June 1989; quoted in Collin,
Altered State
, p. 97.
25
Daily Telegraph
, 17 April 2009.
26
Collin,
Altered State
, pp. 293, 306, 267, 132.
27
Shaun Ryder in
Melody Maker
, 13 May 1995; quoted in Collin,
Altered State
, p. 168.
28
Haslam,
Manchester England
, p. 179.
29
Quoted in Nice,
Shadowplayers
, p. 469.
30
Quoted in Nice,
Shadowplayers
, p. 484.
31
Guardian
, 31 January 1991.
Chapter 12
1
Matthew Parris,
The Spectator
, 21 November 2007.
2
Thatcher interview transcript, 23 September 1987, Margaret Thatcher Foundation.
3
Thatcher interview, 23 September 1987, ibid.
4
Margaret Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years
(1993), p. 626.
5
Report of the Archbishop of Canterbury’s Commission on Urban Priority Areas,
Faith in the City: A Call for Action by Church
and Nation
(1985), p. 352.
6
See, for instance, Thatcher’s reply to David Steel at Prime Minister’s Questions, 23 March 1989, Margaret Thatcher
Foundation.
7
A. H. Halsey and Josephine Webb (eds),
Twentieth-Century British Social Trends
(2000), Table 2.17, p. 62.
8
Central Statistical Office,
Annual Abstract of Statistics
, no. 127 (1991), Table 2.13, p. 24.
9
Central Statistical Office,
Annual Abstract of Statistics
(1991), Table 2.17, p. 30. The 1979 and 1989 figures are for the
UK, the 2005 figures for England and Wales, the latter calculated by the Office of National Statistics, reported in
Daily Telegraph
, 22 October 2010.
10
Halsey and Webb,
Twentieth-Century British Social Trends
, Table 2.1, p. 50.
11
Brian Harrison,
Finding a Role?: The United Kingdom, 1970–1990
(2010), p. 224.
12
Thatcher to the Finchley Inter-Church Luncheon Club, 17 November 1969, Margaret Thatcher Foundation.
13
Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years
, p. 630.
14
Alwyn Turner,
Rejoice! Rejoice!: Britain in the 1980s
(2010), p. 219.
15
Central Statistical Office,
Annual Abstract of Statistics
(1991), Table 4.1, p. 75; Table 4.12, p. 83; Table 4.19, p.
87.
16
Thatcher to the Conservative Central Council, 27 March 1982, Margaret Thatcher Foundation.
17
Thatcher to the Conservative Party conference, 9 October 1987, Margaret Thatcher Foundation.
18
Thatcher to the Conservative Party conference, 12 October 1990, Margaret Thatcher Foundation.