Blue: The LAPD and the Battle to Redeem American Policing (61 page)

Forty of the department’s 400 unmarked cars had broken sirens
: Ibid.

“bidding on
[
police
]
hats?”
: Ibid.

1989 . . . murders in Philadelphia rose . . . 1990
: “Number of Killings Soars in Big Cities Across U.S.,”
NYT
, July 18, 1990.

nonviolent demonstrators
: “Panel’s Report Puts Spotlight on Police Conduct; Williams Has Made Strides in Rooting Misconduct, Some Say, but More Could Be Done,”
Philadelphia Inquirer
, March 22, 1992.

“I’m trying to change a mentality”
: Ibid.

“Williams has paid lip service”
: Ibid.

Officer-involved shootings also increased
: Ibid.

“The crime rate is up”
: “With Initiative, Williams Rides Out a Tough First Year.”

“Watching him
[
in Los Angeles
]
”
: Stanley Sheinbaum, “Willie Williams’ First Major Public Address”; “The New Chief: What’s Going to Change at the LAPD.”

“sent two teams of people to Philadelphia”
: Ibid.

expanded . . . mini-stations
: “Here’s Why Murders Are Down in the City: They’re Going After the Worst Drug Dealers and the Violent Offenders, and They’re Making a Federal Case out of Them,”
Philadelphia Inquirer
, January 15, 1992; “Profile: Willie L. Williams”; “Officer Down, Willie Williams’ Fall from Grace”; “Say Goodbye to Hollywood.”

gender and racial diversity
: “Williams’ Open Door Sends Signal”; “Williams Helped Show How Badge Can Be a Bridge; The Commissioner Is Leaving a Legacy of Community,”
Philadelphia Inquirer
, May 17, 1992; “Officer Down, Willie Williams’ Fall from Grace”; “Say Goodbye to Hollywood.”

officers fired
: “Panel’s Report Puts Spotlight on Police Conduct; Williams Has Made Strides in Rooting Misconduct, Some Say, but More Could Be Done”; “Profile: Willie L. Williams.”

three hundred new officers
: “Phila. Police to Reassign 6 Inspectors, 20 Captains,”
Philadelphia Inquirer
, April 19, 1990.

Philadelphia newspapers
: “With Initiative, Williams Rides Out a Tough First Year”; “Williams Criticized at Hearing, Police Readiness Is Questioned”; “Judge Warns Top Cop of Jail: Willie Williams, City Held in Contempt over Order on Officers,”
Philadelphia Inquirer
, May 10, 1991; “Promoted Cops Removed,”
Philadelphia Inquirer
, May 11, 1991; “Panel’s Report Puts Spotlight on Police Conduct; Williams Has Made Strides in Rooting Out Misconduct, Some Say, but More Could Be Done.”

took the lieutenant’s test
: Charlie Beck interview.

watch commander in Watts
: Ibid.

the parties were simply a sham
: Ibid.

“gathering of Bloods and Crips in huge numbers”
: Ibid.

“driving around in circles in large convoys”
: Ibid.

Charlie Beck and Andre Christian, 1993, South Los Angeles

1993 . . . homicides . . . 1,100
: “Bad Rap?: Despite Crime Image, L.A. Fails to Make List of Worst 15 Cities, but San Bernardino Does,”
LAT
, May 25, 1994.

“cowed organization”
: Charlie Beck interview.

“We tried to stop illegal behavior”
: Ibid.

“It’s like your family”
: Ibid.

shot thirteen times
: Andre Christian interview.

“glad that
[
he’d
]
got shot”
: Ibid.

“sighs of relief”
: Ibid.

“it was a relaxed situation”
: Ibid.

“There just wasn’t enough nurturing”
: Ibid.

Willie Williams, June 1992, Parker Center

“My first impression of Willie Williams”
: Reese, “The Rise and Fall of a Public Leader.”

“because he is fat”
: Gary Greenebaum interview.

missing his fuckin’ gun
: Reese, “The Rise and Fall of a Public Leader.”

“bunch of basic police-academy information”
: David Dotson interview; “Say Goodbye to Hollywood.”

failed the waiver three different times
: Reese, “The Rise and Fall of a Public Leader.”

The state legislature later changed the test requirement
: “Say Goodbye to Hollywood”; Reese, “The Rise and Fall of a Public Leader.”

Daryl Gates . . . always had a gun
: David Dotson interview; “Say Goodbye to Hollywood.”

USC’s School of Public Administration . . . denied entrance
: Reese, “The Rise and Fall of a Public Leader.”

gossip to the
L.A. Times
: Tim Rutten interview.

“Willie made a big mistake”
: Charlie Beck interview.

Willie Williams, September 1992, Police Administration Building

Willie Williams . . . asked if he could take a vacation
: Michael Yamaki interview.

Williams’s schedule had been grueling
: “Say Goodbye to Hollywood.”

“Jesse Brewer tried—desperately—to tell him to go out to roll calls”
: Ann Reiss Lane interview; “Say Goodbye to Hollywood.”

Bernard Parks, Fall 1992, Parker Center

Parks . . . would later be named by
People
magazine
: “The 50 Most Beautiful People 1998,”
People
, May 11, 1998, 89.

son of a thirty-eight-year veteran
: “Father of Councilman Parks dies,”
LAT
, October 28, 2008.

“It’s easy to point”
: Domanick,
Covering Police in Times of Crisis
, 23.

Parks was asked about a series of LAPD crises
: Ibid.

“I think we’ve evolved”
: Ibid.

“Parks always thought Jim was a good guy”
: Tim Rutten interview.

Parks . . . in charge of about 85 percent of the force
: “Say Goodbye to Hollywood.”

“Parks didn’t talk to Jess”
: Anthony De Los Reyes interview.

“Parks was livid with Jesse”
: David Dotson interview.

“Bernard knew everything about the Los Angeles Police Department”
: Charlie Beck interview.

“undermine the chief”
: Curtis Woodle interview.

bodyguard to the mayor
: Ibid.

“talking bad about the top dog”
: Ibid.

Williams . . . would later demote Parks
: Anthony De Los Reyes interview; “Chief Gives Parks 10 Days to Resign or Accept Demotion,”
LAT
, September 15, 1994; “Say Goodbye to Hollywood.”

a $15,000 raise
: “City OKs Demotion, Raise for Police Aide,”
LAT
, October 8, 1994; Reese, “The Rise and Fall of a Public Leader.”

Alfred Lomas, Early to Mid-Eighties, Scotland, the Philippines, and L.A.

Alfred Lomas decided to join the United States Marine Corps
: Alfred Lomas interview.

fifth of whiskey
: Ibid.

“other than honorable”
: Ibid.

Assigned to Scotland
: Ibid.

Reassigned to the Philippines
: Ibid.

high-security . . . brig in North Carolina
: Ibid.

Tami Amis
: Ibid.

pretty Latina
: Ibid.

Toles Motel
: Ibid.

“an orgasm magnified—one hundred times”
: Ibid.

chasing that crack high
: Ibid.

“Hey, what’s up, dawg”
: Ibid.

“one of the best crack dealers I had ever seen”
: Ibid.

“F13”
: Ibid.

Lomas always made sure to be clean shaven
: Ibid.

to make runs with women
: Ibid.

freelancing his services to three or four other dealers
: Ibid.

“I liked the action on the streets”
: Ibid.

a house in Palos Verdes
: Ibid.

sentenced to eighteen months
: Ibid.

The Golden Rule in prison
: Ibid.

you stay with your own kind
: Ibid.

blacks, whites, and Latinos are all housed separately
: Ibid.

Florencia 13 . . . kept him protected
: Ibid.

After serving sixteen months
: Ibid.

Lomas became a father
: Ibid.

His new son’s mother . . . a crack addict
: Ibid.

His son was startlingly thin
: Ibid.

“threw a Rambo”
: Ibid.

landed a salesman’s job with Safety Clean
: Ibid.

David Mack and Rafael “Ray” Perez, Tuesday, October 26, 1993, Hollywood, California

Jesse Vicencio was leaning
: “Witnesses Say Officer Killed Unarmed Suspect,”
LAT
, September 23, 1999.

Datsun B210 parked on a dark Hollywood side street
: “Perez’s Bitter Saga of Lies, Regrets and Harm,”
LAT
, December 31, 2000.

West Bureau
[
drug
]
Buy Team
: Ibid.

“Just by its nature”
: Ibid.

driving L.A.’s homicide rate to a record of 1,100 in 1993
: “Bad Rap?: Despite Crime Image, L.A. Fails to Make List of Worst 15 Cities, but San Bernardino Does.”

Jesse Vicencio, who’d lost his life over that potential sale
: “Witnesses Say Officer Killed Unarmed Suspect.”

David Mack . . . the department’s second-highest medal for heroism
: “Who Killed B.I.G.?”
Rolling Stone
, June 7, 2001; “Perez’s Bitter Saga of Lies, Regrets and Harm.”

two eyewitnesses . . . that Vicencio never pulled a gun
: “Witnesses Say Officer Killed Unarmed Suspect.”

first wife divorced him
: “Perez’s Bitter Saga of Lies, Regrets and Harm.”

second wife, Denise, an LAPD dispatcher
: Ibid.