Authors: Stephen Dando-Collins
Tags: #Historical
at Jefat, 225–26
camp layout, 9–10, 217, 218–19
Jerusalem siege and, 230, 238–42, 246,
chief centurion, 60
247, 250, 252, 253, 254
daily watchwords, 116–17
on legions in Judea, 10, 234, 278–79
diet, 8, 208–9
Vespasian and, 226–27, 228
discipline enforcement, 8
Juba, king of Numidia, 87, 90, 146, 155,
divisional structure, 212–13
157, 159–65
end of golden age of, 268
Judea, 194, 201, 233, 277, 297, 298
engineering skill, 244
expulsion of Jews from, 266
enlistment terms, 199, 211–12, 273
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foot travel by, 213–14
Messalla, Marcus Valerius, 185, 187, 191
full-strength number, 213
military colonies, 198, 216, 232, 274, 278
golden crown awards, 248–49
military ranks/modern equivalents,
land grants to, 174–75, 192, 193, 211,
196–97, 287–89
216, 255–56, 274
Mithradates of Pergamum, 144
naming/numbering of, 268, 281–84
Moesia.
See
Bulgaria
payment of, 199, 211
Mount of Olives, 235, 245, 251
phalanx formation, 18
Mucianus, Gaius Licinius, 221, 227, 228,
physical requirements, 212
232–33, 256, 258
plunder shares, 11, 19–20, 24, 211,
Munda, Battle of, 1–5, 168–73, 198
253–54, 255, 256–57
Mural Crown, 248–49, 255
prayer of, 33
ranks/modern equivalents, 196–97,
9th Legion (later 9th Hispana), 9, 11,
287–89
68, 88–89, 137, 165, 169, 195, 268
reenlistment factor, xvi, 63–64, 211–12,
in Britain, 42, 44, 274
213, 273–75
Caesar’s mutiny-quelling speech to,
religious purification ceremony, 158
146–48
retirement, 63–64.
See
reenlistment facin civil war in Albania/Greece, 100,
tor
105–8, 113, 115, 118, 127–29
trumpet call, 20
in civil war in North Africa, 149–50,
uniforms, 213, 214–15
152, 155, 157, 159, 163
unique commands, 199, 277–79
in civil war in Spain, 77, 80, 81, 84
Vespasian reforms, 258–59, 272, 279,
combined with 8th, 108, 115, 118, 127
284
defection back to Caesar, 174
weapons, 17–19, 215, 238–39
defection to Pompey brothers, 166,
See also specific legions by number
168, 169
Legio X. See
10th Legion
founding in Spain, 7, 61, 270, 273, 282
Lentulus, Lucius, 118, 127–28, 129, 133,
in Gaul, 14, 15–16, 25, 26, 62
140, 142
German defeat of, 200
Lepidus, Larcius, 233, 235–36, 252, 258
looting of Roman homes by, 145
Lepidus, Marcus, 78, 87, 150, 175, 188
mutinies, 86–88, 130–31, 133–35, 150
in Second Triumvirate, 181–82
10th Legion centurions from, 8
Lérida, 79–82
19th Legion, 72, 74, 270
Liberalis, 168
Napoleon, 120, 172
Libo, Lucius, 99, 100
Nasidius, Lucius, 85
Lollius, Marcus, 191
Nero, Emperor, 204, 211, 216, 265, 281,
Longinus, Lucius, 101
298
Lucan, 66, 220
conspiracies against, 219–20, 228, 230
Luke, St., 298
Corbulo command and, 205, 209, 210,
Lusitania campaign, 9–11
219
Lustration Exercise, 158, 193
legions, 195, 258, 271, 283, 284
suicide of, 230–31
Macedonia, 101, 118, 179–82, 189, 193
Vespasian and, 221, 222
Marcellinus, Lentulus, 106
watchword, 116
Marcus Aurelius, Emperor, 22, 117
Nervii tribe, 25–27, 119
legions, 270, 272, 284, 296
news couriers, 218–19
Marius, Gaius, 8, 18
Normandy landing (1944), 93–94
Marseilles (Massilia), siege of, 77, 85–87,
North Africa, 87, 90
117
civil war in, 133, 146, 149–66
Martia Legion, 180–81, 187, 282–83
See also
Egypt; Thapsus, Battle of
Masada, 219, 230, 231, 232, 257, 260–63
Numidians, 87, 151, 154–65
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i n d e x
Octavian.
See
Augustus
Pliny the Younger, 298
Octavius, Marcus, 87, 88, 92, 137, 191
plunder, 11, 19–20, 24, 110, 145, 208
omens, 7, 112, 116, 121, 176–77, 186
of Cleopatra’s treasury, 194
Oppius, 67, 150
of Gomphi, 110
Otho, Emperor, 216, 231, 232, 258
at Jerusalem, 253–54, 255, 256–57
Ovid, 71, 242
Plutarch, 185, 193–94, 292
Pollio, Gaius Asinius, 14–15, 67–70, 72,
Paetus, Caesennius, 209, 210
90, 119, 132, 171, 174, 293
Palatine Legions, 267–68
memoirs of, 103, 133, 152
Palatium, 209, 210, 216, 218, 221, 258
North African campaign, 150, 152
Judean station and, 266–67
subsequent career, 175
seal of, 219
Polybius, 297
Pannonian War, 199
Pompey, Gnaeus (son), 101, 115–16, 119,
Pansa, Gaius Vibius, 180, 181
128, 168
Paris, origins of, 53, 55
civil war continuance, 1–5, 164–73
Parthia, 65, 188, 197, 282, 284
Pompey, Sextus (son), 111, 139–42, 286
Caesar’s planned campaign against,
civil war continuance, 2–3, 164–66,
165, 175, 176, 179, 180
174–75
Corbulo’s campaigns, 205, 207–10,
Pompey the Great, 35, 87, 90, 150, 268
226
age and achievements, 7, 121
Germanicus and, 200, 201
Antony assessment by, 100, 106
See also
Carrhae, Battle of
assassination of, 142–43
Patton, George S., 69
assassination of Caesar and, 176, 177,
Paul, St., 275, 278, 298
178
Pedius, General, 17, 165, 166
burial place, 143
Peter, St., 298
Caesar relationship, 7, 66–67, 69, 142,
Peticius, Captain, 138–39
282
Petreius, Marcus, 79, 81–86, 103, 123,
compared with Caesar, 111
133, 153–54, 161, 164
conflict with Caesar.
See
civil war Petro, Granius, 151
in First Triumvirate, 61
Petro, Titus Flavius, 136–37
Jerusalem Temple and, 253
phalanx formation, 18, 23
legions, 7, 13–14, 16, 118, 269–70, 273,
Pharnaces, king of Pontus, 145
281–82, 283
Pharsalus (Farsala), Battle of, 110–11,
loyalists, 72, 73–74, 77, 78, 98, 111,
113–37, 160, 198, 274, 282
131–32, 149
Caesar troop mutinies after, 130–31,
omen at Pharsalus, 116
133–34
popularity of, 66, 165
Munda compared with, 170
primary sources on, 292
Philippi compared with, 187
tactical skill, 102–3
Pompeian escapees, 130–39, 152, 164
wives of, 36, 111, 139–42
Pompey at, 115–16, 117, 121, 125,
Pontus, 141, 144, 145, 165, 166, 223
128–29, 133, 170, 187
Portugal, 9–10, 198
Thapsus compared with, 163, 164
praetor, 197
watchwords, 116–17, 168
praetorian gate, 39
Philippi, Battles of, 183–88, 195, 198
Praetorian Guard, 116, 117, 187, 195,
Phrygius, Titus, 252
220, 231, 232, 256, 288
Pilatus, Pontius, 278
praetorium,
10, 217, 218–19
Piso, Gnaeus Calpurnius, 200–203, 220,
prefect, 196, 278, 288
274
primary sources, 291–98
Plancina (wife of Piso), 201, 202–3
Priscus, General, 220
Pliny the Elder, 295
prisoners, treatment of, 11
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procurator, 278, 279
in Gaul, 61–62, 79
provincial governor, 197, 274
at Pharsalus, 118, 127, 128, 133
Ptolemais, 222, 223, 224
remobilization of, 85–86
Ptolemy XIII, king of Egypt, 119, 140–41,
in Syria, 198, 200, 201, 203, 206–10,
142, 144
220
Publius Syrus, 244
Vespasian support by, 233, 256
Puleio, Titus, 87–88, 107–8, 118
7th Gemina Legion, 231, 271–72
7th Legion (later 7th Claudia Pia Fidelis),
Qumran, 229–30
111, 137, 176, 179, 228, 231
Augustus and, 180–81, 184, 195
reenlistment factor, xvi, 199, 211–12, 213,
Brindisi operation, 88–89
273–75.
See also
10th Legion
British campaign, 30–45
republicanism, 132, 175–79, 182, 187
as Caesar’s bodyguards, 175
Rhine River, 22, 23, 28–29, 50–53, 68,
in Caesar’s invasion of Italy and, 68
216, 232, 234
in civil war in Albania/Greece, 100,
Roman calendar, 92
106, 113, 115, 128, 129
Rome
in civil war in North Africa, 150, 152,
Augustus as first emperor, 195–96
158, 159, 160
Caesar’s march on, 67–75
in civil war in Spain, 2, 77, 81, 84,
Caesar’s martial law in, 89
165–68
daily newspaper, 218
founding in Spain, 61, 269, 273, 282
fall to barbarians, 267
in Gaul, 14–16, 25–28, 55, 62
legions’ rampage in, 145–48, 155
loyalty to Caesar, 145, 168
Second Triumvirate, 181–89
mutinies, 86–88, 130, 133–35
See also
Senate, Roman
official title, 268
Roucillus, 105–6, 112, 114
16th Legion (later 16th Flavia), 68, 77,
Rubicon River, 67–70, 74, 97
216, 265, 268, 270, 282
Rufus, Terentius, 256
17th Legion, 72, 74, 90, 233, 258, 270
Rufus, Tinnius, 265
Sabinus (Syrian legionary), 247–48
Ruspina Plain, Battle of, 152–54, 155,
Sabinus, Flavius, 222
158, 162, 164
Sabinus, Gaius, 101, 105
Sabinus, Procurator, 198
2nd Legion (later 2nd Augusta), 221, 234,
Sabinus, Quintus Titurius, 17, 31, 50, 52
268, 269
Salienus, Titus, 76, 157
Caesar’s assimilation of, 85
Sallust (Gaius Sallustius Crispus), 67, 146, in civil war, 79, 84, 85
150, 165
defection back to Pompey, 3, 165, 166,
Salome, 259
170
Saturnalia, 151
founding of, 79, 269, 282
Saturninus Revolt, 267, 270, 271
mistakenly reported at Thapsus, 159
Saxa, Lucius Decidius, 183
6th Ferrata Legion, 265, 267, 271
Scaevus, Cassius, 104
6th Legion (later 6th Victrix), 195
Scipio, Metellus, 101, 110, 111, 128
in civil war in Spain, 2, 79, 81, 83, 84,
civil war continuance in North Africa,
166–67, 169
146, 149, 153–62, 169, 226
cohorts with Caesar, 135–36, 282
escape from Pharsalus, 133
cohorts with Scipio, 160, 161, 164
legions, 117–18, 282
Conqueror title, 198, 268
suicide of, 164
defectors from, 103, 115, 118, 160
Second Triumvirate, 181–89
discharge date, 84
Second World War, 93–94, 151
in Egypt with Caesar, 144
Senate, Roman, 8, 12, 13, 28, 29, 258
founding in Spain, 269, 273, 282
Antony and, 180–81, 189
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i n d e x
Senate, Roman
(continued)
Sulpicius Rufus, Publius, 31, 67
Caesar’s takeover of, 67–75, 77, 97,
Sulpicius Severus, 252
175–76
Swiss campaign, 13–20
“conspiracy” against Caesar, 176–78
Syria, 140, 165, 180–82, 186, 194, 233,
legion allocations and, 65
267–68
members barred from Egypt, 202, 223,
Corbulo command, 205, 206–10, 219,
277
220
Pompey loyalists, 66–67, 73, 77, 131,
Crassus command, 35
149
Gallus command, 220–21
Seneca, 154, 205, 220
Germanicus command, 200–204
Sentius, Gneius, 203
as 10th Legion base, 197–216
sentries, 10
Syrian Legions, 282
Septimius, Lucius, 140, 141, 142
Servilia (sister of Cato the Younger), 131
3rd Cyrenaica Legion, 272, 283–84
Severus, Julius, 266
3rd Gallica Legion, 272, 283
Severus, Verulanus, 209
3rd Legion (later 3rd Augusta), 279,
Severus Alexander, Emperor, 219, 272, 284
283–84
shields, 17–19
Antony command, 189
Sicily, 72, 87, 146, 174, 188, 286
in Bulgaria, 228, 247–48
North African invasion from, 149–52,
with Caesar in Gaul, 83–84, 86
155–59
Cisalpine recruits, 165, 169
World War II invasion of, 151
in civil war in Spain, 2, 79, 165–67, 169
Silva, Flavius, 260–64
cohorts with Corbulo, 207–10
Simon bar Kochba, 265–66
founding and title, 268, 269, 282
Simon ben Gioras, 231, 232, 238, 256
Jewish revolts and, 219–29, 234, 238,
Simon the Idumaean, 254, 255
243, 247–48, 252, 259, 261
slaves, 11, 28, 59, 60, 73, 160, 203
religious observance, 248
Spain
as St. Paul escorts, 275, 278
Caesar in, 1–12, 282
10th Gemina Legion, 272
civil war in, 1–5, 76–85, 164–74
10th Legion
legionaries’ fraternization, 81
Antony and, 137, 179, 181–92
legionaries’ land grants in, 174–75
Armenian campaign, 207–10, 226
legions’ march from, 149
Augustus and, 194–98
Lepidus command in, 175