Crisis and Command: A History of Executive Power from George Washington to George W. Bush (73 page)

44
Memorandum for the Attorney General, Secretary of Defense, Secretary of State, Secretary of Homeland Security, and Director of National Intelligence, From: President Barack Obama, Re: Review of the Detention of Ali Saleh Kahlah al-Marri (Jan. 22, 2009), available at
www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/ReviewoftheDetentionofAliSalehKahlah
.

45
Executive Order, Ensuring Lawful Interrogations, supra note 38.

46
See Yoo, War by Other Means, supra note 43, at 18-48.

47
Executive Order, Ensuring Lawful Interrogations, supra note 38; U.S. Army Interrogation Field Manual 34-52 (May 8, 1987).

48
Memorandum for the Vice President, Secretary of State, Secretary of Defense, Attorney General, Chief of Staff to the President, Direct of the Central Intelligence, Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, and Chairman of the Joint Chief of Staffs, From: President George W. Bush, Re: Humane Treatment of al Qaeda and Taliban Detainees (Feb. 7, 2002), available at
www.dod.gov/pubs/foi/detainees/dia_previous_releases/fourth_release/DIAfourth_release.pdf
.

49
For example, according to former CIA Director George Tenet, 9/11 mastermind Khalid Sheikh Mohammed said, "I'll talk to you guys after I get to New York and see my lawyer," after being captured. See George Tenet, 60 Minutes Interview with Scott Pelley, April 29, 2007.

50
For discussion of the trial, see Yoo, War by Other Means, supra note 43, at 210-17.

51
Barack Obama, Inaugural Address (Jan. 21, 2009), available at
www.whitehouse.gov/blog/inaugural-address
.

52
The Department of Justice asserted the state secrets privilege to defend the NSA surveillance program. See, e.g., Government Defendants' Memorandum in Support of Motion to Dismiss and For Summary Judgment, Jewel v. National Security Agency, No. C:08-cv-4373-VRW, (June 25, 2009) (arguing that the case must be dismissed because Congress has not waived sovereign immunity for plaintiffs' statutory claims, and state secrets are needed to litigate plaintiffs' claims).

53
Tim Reid, "President Obama 'orders Pakistan drone attacks,'" Times Online, Jan. 23, 2009, available at
www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/article5575883.ece
. See also Mark Mazzetti & Eric Schmitt, "Shaky Pakistan Is Seen as Target of Qaeda Plots," N.Y. Times, May 11, 2009, at A1 (reporting that the "United States has conducted 17 drone attacks [from January to May 2009] compared with 36 strikes in all of 2008").

54
Statement of President Barack Obama on Military Commissions (May 15, 2009), available at
www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/Statement-of-President-Barack-Obama-on-Military-Commissions
.

55
Stephen Ambrose, Rise to Globalism: American Foreign Policy Since 1938, at 132-33 (6 th ed. 1991).

56
John Lewis Gaddis, Strategies of Containment: A Critical Appraisal of Postwar American National Security Policy 127-97 (1982).

57
Remarks by the President on a New Strategy for Afghanistan and Pakistan, Mar. 27, 2009, available at
www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/Remarks-by-the-President-on-a-New-Strategy-for-Afghanistan-and-Pakistan
.

58
See Military Commissions Act of2006 ("MCA"), SS 3, 10 U.S.C. SS 948c.

59
David M. Herszenhorn, "Funds to Close Guantanamo Denied," N.Y. Times, May 20, 2009.

60
See Letter from the President to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, Re: Request for Supplemental Appropriations for the Armed Forces, April 9, 2009, available at
www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/Text-of-Letter-from-the-President-to-the-Speaker-of-the-House-of-Representatives.
(requesting supplemental appropriations to fund military, diplomatic, and intelligence operations in Iraq, Pakistan, and Afghanistan).

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