Authors: David Halberstam
67
AS ACHESON ONCE NOTED, THE FOREIGN POLICY:
Thomas and Isaacson, p. 338.
68
AS CHIANG COLLAPSED OF HIS OWN WEIGHT:
Hastings, p. 43.
69
TRUMAN, REFLECTING THE FEARS OF MANY:
Thomas and Isaacson, p. 544.
69
WHEN LT. GEN. MATTHEW RIDGWAY SAW THE FIRST:
Ridgway,
The Korean War,
p. 192.
69
“WE ARE GOING TO FIGHT,”:
Blair, p. 67.
69
“BY GOD I AM NOT GOING TO:
Blair, p. 67.
69
WE HAD TO DRAW THE LINE SOMEWHERE:
Bradley, p. 535.
70
EVENTS WERE TAKING OVER:
Bradley, p. 539.
70
ACCORDING TO GENERAL WILLIAM DEAN:
Dean,
General Dean’s Story,
p. 29.
70
“THEY HAD NOT ENLISTED,”:
Fehrenbach,
This Kind of War,
p. 148.
71
ONLY AS THEY BOARDED THE PLANES:
Knox,
The Korean War,
p. 33.
71
WHEN WORD OF THE NORTH KOREAN:
Knox, p. 6.
71
MOST OF ITS TRAINING HAD:
Knox, p. 10.
71
ONE OF ITS OFFICERS WROTE LATER:
Blair, p. 93.
71
ONE COLONEL IN THE 34TH INFANTRY:
Fehrenbach, p. 109.
72
THE KOREANS CHEERED THEM AS THEY:
Knox, p. 17.
72
NO THOUGHT OF RETREAT OR DISASTER:
Blair, p. 98.
73
“THOSE ARE T-34 TANKS, SIR:
Knox, p. 19.
74
INSTEAD OF A MOTLEY HORDE:
Blair, p. 102.
75
BY JULY
10,
JUST SIX DAYS:
Blair, p. 101.
75
ONE DAY AFTER ARRIVAL IN-COUNTRY:
Appleman,
South to Naktong,
p. 214–15.
76
WHEN ONE BATTALION COMMANDER, MORGAN:
Blair, p. 214.
76
“WE ARE FIGHTING A BATTLE:
Appleman, pp. 207–8.
77
MACARTHUR WAS SUPREMELY CONFIDENT:
Blair, p. 188.
CHAPTER FIVE
79
FROM THEIR YEARS TOGETHER IN THE PHILIPPINES:
Blair,
The Forgotten War: America in Korea, 1950–1953,
pp. 78–79
79
EISENHOWER THOUGHT A YOUNGER COMMANDER:
Blair, pp. 78–79
79
“ARTHUR MACARTHUR,” ONE OF HIS AIDES:
Manchester,
American Caesar,
p. 30.
79
ON THE DAY OF HIS FINAL EXAM:
Manchester, p. 47.
80
“YOU MUST GROW UP TO BE:
Manchester, p. 41.
80
“I AM DEEPLY ANXIOUS:
Manchester, p. 93.
80
“CONSIDERING THE FINE WORK:
Manchester, p. 93.
80
SHE WROTE PERSHING:
Manchester, p. 134.
80
WHEN HER SON BECAME CHIEF:
Manchester, p. 144.
81
A DISTINGUISHED PORTRAIT PAINTER:
Manchester, p. 111.
81
“NOT ONLY HAVE I MET HIM:
Manchester, p. 166.
81
IN THEM THE CODE WORD:
Manchester, p. 184.
82
ONLY MEDIOCRE COMMANDERS TRIED:
Manchester, p. 369.
82
ROOSEVELT, WHO HAD ALWAYS RECOGNIZED:
Manchester, pp. 357–58.
83
IT WILL BE LIKE AN ELECTRIC FAN:
Hastings,
The Korean War,
p. 100.
83
“MAKE UP A LIST OF AMPHIBIOUS:
Manchester, p. 574.
84
“I CAN ALMOST HEAR THE TICKING:
Blair, p. 232.
84
REAR ADMIRAL JAMES DOYLE, WHOSE JOB:
Manchester, p. 576.
84
THE NEXT DAY SHERMAN WAS AS NERVOUS:
Blair, pp. 232–33.
84
“THE SORCERER OF INCHON:
Thomas and Isaacson,
The Wise Men,
p. 537.
84
FROM THEN ON, MATT RIDGWAY:
Ridgway,
The Korean War,
p. 44.
85
“PSYCHOLOGICALLY, IT WAS ALMOST:
Blair, p. 237.
85
“AND WHAT TO DO WITH MR. PRIMA DONNA:
Margaret Truman,
Harry S Truman,
p. 260.
86
“IF HE’D BEEN A LIEUTENANT:
Miller,
Plain Speaking,
p. 294.
86
YEARS LATER, JOE COLLINS:
J. Lawton Collins,
War in Peacetime,
p. 215.
CHAPTER SIX
87
“PLEASE DON’T TALK TO ME:
Blumberg and Owens,
Energy and Conflict,
p. 21.
87
“WHEN HE WAS SIX:
Blumberg and Owens, p. 3.
88
ANOTHER TEACHER ADDRESSED HIS:
Blumberg and Owens, p. 23.
89
WE, MEN LIKE WEISSKOPF AND I:
author interview with Hans Bethe.
90
STAN ULAM LATER WOULD REMEMBER:
Ulam,
Adventures of a Mathematician,
p. 164.
90
“THAT I WAS NAMED TO HEAD:
Bernstein,
Hans Bethe,
p. 81.
90
“ONE MIGHT SAY,” BETHE COOLY NOTED:
Bernstein, p. 81.
90
AS TELLER’S POSITION ON THE H-BOMB:
interviews with Bethe and Weisskopf.
91
“HE WAS,” SAID ENRICO FERMI:
Blumberg and Owens, p. 185.
91
A FEW MONTHS LATER, A LIBRARIAN:
interview with Serber.
91
INCREASINGLY HE BECAME FRIENDLY:
interviews with Bethe and Weisskopf.
92
AND YET NONE KNEW BETTER:
Stern,
The Oppenheimer Case,
p. 160.
92
SOMEWHAT TO HIS SURPRISE, SAKHAROV:
interview with Jerome Weisner.
93
BECAUSE AN ELECTRON WEIGHED:
Watson,
Father, Son, and Co.
p. 189.
93
“BECAUSE WE ARE SHARING:
Watson, p. 135.
94
BECAUSE OF THIS OBSESSION:
Aspery,
John von Neumann and the Origins of Modern Computing,
p. iv.
94
“IT ALL CAME SO EASILY FOR HIM:
interview with Herman Goldstine.
95
WEYL INDEED SOLVED IT:
interview with Herman Goldstine.
95
VON NEUMANN TURNED TO HERMAN:
interview with Herman Goldstine.
95
IT WAS, ULAM THOUGHT:
Ulam, p. 207.
96
EGALITARIAN SOCIETIES LIKE AMERICA:
interview with Goldstine.
96
IT WAS IN DANGER:
Watson, pp. 189–90.
97
OPPENHEIMER JOINED THEM:
Ulam, p. 217.
97
THAT HELPED CONVINCE ULAM:
Ulam, pp. 223–24.
97
ALL TELLER COULD SAY:
interview with Bethe.
98
YET TO HIS SCIENTIFIC PEERS:
interview with Bethe.
98
EARLIER GAC SKEPTICISM ABOUT:
Rhodes, p. 772.
98
HIS EGOCENTRISM BECAME SOMETHING:
Ulam, p. 212.
98
IT WEIGHED SOME SIXTY-FIVE TONS:
Farre, ed.,
The Diaries of James C. Hagerty,
p. 6.
99
AT THE TIME HE USED TO JOKE:
Blumberg and Owens, p.290.
99
AS THE NEEDLE ON THE SEISMOGRAPH:
Rhodes, p. 777.
99
TELLER SAID THAT HE:
Rhodes, p. 296.
CHAPTER SEVEN
102
BUT THEIR WEAKNESSES WERE NOTED:
Fehrenbach,
This Kind of War,
p. 300.
103
LATER HE CAME TO REFER TO THEM:
Hastings,
The Korean War,
pp. 142–43.
104
“AFTER ALL,” HE SAID:
Hastings, p. 130.
104
“BY THAT TIME I COULD FEEL THE HAIR:
Blair,
The Forgotten War: America in Korea, 1950–1953,
p. 371.
104
ONE NCO THOUGHT THE SITE:
Knox,
The Korean War,
pp. 434–38.
104
SOME
600
MEN IN THE REGIMENT:
Ridgway,
The Korean War,
p. 58.
105
DURING WORLD WAR TWO MACARTHUR:
Acheson,
Present at the Creation,
p. 424.
105
JACK CHILES, ALMOND’S G-3:
Blair, p. 377.
106
THEY HAD STRUCK WITH GREAT SUCCESS,
Acheson, p. 466.
106
BUT, HE NOTED, “WE SAT AROUND:
Thomas and Isaacson,
The Wise Men,
p. 537.
107
“IF SUCCESSFUL, THIS SHOULD FOR ALL:
Blair, pp. 534–35.
107
AS CLAY BLAIR NOTED, IT TIPPED:
Blair, pp. 534–35.
107
INSTEAD HE PLUNGED NORTHWARD:
Ridgway, p. 86.
107
MACARTHUR, JOE COLONS WROTE:
Collins,
War in Peacetime,
p. 142.
108
“WE’RE STILL ATTACKING AND WE’RE:
Blair, p. 462.
108
THE MOMENT ALMOND FLEW AWAY:
Blair, p. 463.
108
“MY FRIEND, I’M SORRY:
Marshall,
The River and the Gauntlet,
pp. 318–20.
109
VANDENBERG GAVE HIM A LONG LOOK:
Ridgway, p. 62.
109
“THIS WAS,” ACHESON LATER NOTED:
Acheson, p. 475.
110
THEN MACARTHUR TOLD HIM:
Ridgway, p. 83.
110
“HE WAS,” NOTED A WEST POINT:
Blair,
Ridgway’s Paratroopers,
p. 6.
111
I’D SAY, “MATT, GET THE HELL:
Blair,
Ridgway’s Paratroopers,
p. 111.
111
THE MEN SEEMED TO GO ABOUT:
Ridgway, p. 86.
111
“WE COULD GET OFF INTO:
Ridgway, p. 89.
111
WHAT HE WANTED TO CREATE:
Ridgway, p. 90.
111
“THE STRENGTH AND MEANS WE HAVE:
Blair,
The Forgotten War: America in Korea, 1950–1953,
p. 159.
112
“MICHAELIS,” HE ASKED, “WHAT:
Blair,
The Forgotten War: America in Korea, 1950–1953,
p. 605.
112
ANOTHER HIGH OFFICER SAID:
Blair,
The Forgotten War: America in Korea, 1950–1953,
p. 634.
112
“RIDGWAY ALONE,” SAID COLLINS:
Collins, p. 255.
112
AS OMAR BRADLEY, NOT A MAN:
Bradley,
A General’s Life,
p. 608.
112
YEARS LATER NOTING THAT AMERICA:
Hastings, p. 188.
113
IN
1954
MACARTHUR TOLD JIM LUCAS:
Ridgway, p. 159.
113
BY THIS TIME THE TOP BRITISH:
Hastings, p. 200.
113
IN ORDER TO DO THIS HE WAS:
Bradley, p. 616.
114
“I’VE COME TO THE CONCLUSION:
Truman,
Off the Record,
pp 210–11.
114
HE KNEW THIS, HE SAID:
Blair,
The Forgotten War: America in Korea, 1950–1953,
p. 801.
115
TRUMAN, TYPICALLY WAS BLUNTER:
James,
The Years of MacArthur, Triumph and Disaster,
p. 616.
CHAPTER EIGHT
116
SHE SITS BESTRIDE THE WORLD:
Goulden,
The Best Years: 1945–1950,
p. 426.
117
HE OWNED A CAR AND A HOUSE:
Yergin,
The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power,
p. 541.
117
HAD MARX WITNESSED THE INDUSTRIAL EXPLOSION:
Author interview with Naohiro Amaya.
118
IN
1949,
COAL ACCOUNTED FOR TWO THIRDS:
Yergin, p. 546.
118
LIKE MANY RETURNING VETERANS:
Author interview with William Levitt.
118
WE AT GENERAL MOTORS:
Cray,
Chrome Colossus: General Motors and Its Times,
p. 7.
119
THE TREATY OF DETROIT:
Serrin,
The Company and the Union: The Civilized Relationship of the General Motors Corporation and the United Automobile Workers,
p. 170.
120
PEOPLE DON’T WANT THE KIND OF CAR:
Cray, p. 348.
120
TYPICALLY, WHEN TWO BROTHERS:
Author interview with Dick McDonald.
120
IMPRACTICAL TOYS:
Serrin, p. 94.
122
I BELIEVE IT IS REASONABLE:
Serrin, p. 91.
122
THE GROWTH OF CORPORATE ENTERPRISE:
Cray, p. 278.
122
A BUYER COULD CHOOSE A CAR:
Halberstam,
The Reckoning,
p. 96.
122
WE HAD NO STAKE:
Bayley,
Harley Earl and the Dream Machine,
p. 29.
122
AFTER WORLD WAR TWO:
Moritz,
Going for Broke: The Chrysler Story,
p. 52.
123
WERE BROUGHT ABOUT BY A DELIBERATE:
Bayley, pp. 16–17.
123
THE TROUBLE WITH SMALL MODELS:
Bayley, p. 38.
123
I’M HERE WITH HARLOW:
Author’s group interview with GM designers: Chuck Jordan, Bill Porter, Stan Parker, Paul Cillian, and Don Schwarz.
124
MY SENSE OF PROPORTION TELLS ME:
Hine,
Populuxe,
p. 95.