Heinrich Himmler : A Life (196 page)

Himmler’s childhood fascination with 19–22

Himmler’s military service 23–6

impact on Himmler 40, 738

Fitzthum, Josef 307

Flex, Walter 41

Flick, Friedrich 259

Flossenbürg concentration camp 242, 244, 482, 731

Foreign Organization of the NSDAP 388, 393

Formis, Rudolf 388

Forster, Albert 433, 438

Forster, Wilhelm 442

Four Year Plan, asocial operation (‘Work-shy Reich’) 228–9

France:

alliance offered by Himmler 729

deportation of Jews 545, 563, 571, 619–20, 632, 668

after Italian collapse 692–3

halting of 624

lack of Italian cooperation 663

estimates of ethnic Germans 497, 591

Himmler establishes influence in 497

Himmler’s radical policy for south of France 648–9

opposition to 652, 653

invasion of 492

Marseilles punishment operation 649–51

occupation of south of France 647, 648

repression by SS 631–2

reprisals for acts of resistance 544, 545

settlement policy 498, 588–90

SS establishes presence in 496–7

Franco, Francisco 504

Frank, Hans
207
, 350, 437, 438, 657

concessions to Himmler in General Government 564

Jewish policy 546

opposition to deportations to General Government 456

reprisals for Heydrich’s assassination 569

responsibility for Jewish policy in Poland 510, 556

Frank, Karl Hermann 391, 412–13, 457, 568, 654

Frauenfeld, Alfred 460–1

Free Corps 27, 28

Freemasons:

Himmler praises as organizational model 84–5

Himmler’s attacks on 84

Nazi hostility to 213–14

Wichtl’s polemic against 30

Freiweg Rifle Club 54, 63

Frentz, Walter 533, 534, 597

Frick, Wilhelm 148, 190, 681, 683

attempts to establish Reich police force 199

attempts to restrict protective custody 167, 191, 192, 200

fails to take over Reich Security Service 200

power struggle with Göring 166, 167, 176

Friends of the Reichsführer-SS 258–60

Fritsch, Theodor 78

Fritsch, Werner von 189

Fritsch, Werner von, falsely accused of homosexuality 239, 398, 399

Fromm, Friedrich 698–9

Frontbann 119

Funk, Walter 399

Galicia:

deportation of Jews 562, 563

dissolution of ghettos 665

ethnic Germans 448

incorporation into General Government 546

mass murder of Jews 320, 546, 561

SS forced labour project 561

Galke, Bruno 813n32

gas:

construction of gas chambers at Auschwitz 563

first use in mass murders 431

murder of mental patients 431, 432, 548

use as murder method 547–9

Gebhardt, Karl 19, 334, 380, 492

General Government:

death penalty for Jews leaving ghettos 546

deportation of Jews 572, 666

deportation of Jews to 444, 445, 455–7, 510, 562

Frank’s opposition to 456

extermination camps 561

construction of 547, 548, 556, 566

final solution 556–7

Germanization of 572, 582, 583

Himmler gains control of Jewish policy in 564–6

Himmler orders final removal of Jews 665

Himmler’s order to make ‘free of Jews’ 620

incorporation of Galicia 546

liquidation of camps in 667

mass arrests in 658

mass murder of Jews 546–7, 561–2, 573–4, 620, 665, 667

German Jews 566–7

intensification of 566

Operation Reinhardt 350, 571, 583

remaining ghettos liquidated 665

repression by SS 659

seizure of children 596

settlement policy 444, 455–7, 581–4

Streckenbach appointed commander of security police 437–8

Warsaw destroyed 705

Warsaw ghetto destroyed 666

Warsaw ghetto uprising 664

Gerlach, Christian 526

Gerlich, Fritz 173–4

German Businesses Ltd 485

German Combat League,
see
Kampfbund

German Democratic Party (DDP) 66

German Earth and Stone Quarries Ltd 244, 482, 685

German Emergency League Against the Disgrace of the Blacks 61

German Independent Social Democratic Party (USPD) 27

German National People’s Party 33

German Oil Shales Co Ltd 685

German Peat Processing Co Ltd 685

German People’s Party (DVP) 66

German Police Day 209, 231

German Research Institute for Food and Nutrition 483

German Settlement Society (DAG) 414

Germany, Jews in:

anti-Semitic legislation 411, 477

attacks on 408

compulsory registration 411

deportation of 440–1, 455–7, 538, 562, 623–4, 664

emigration from 411, 456, 477

expulsion of 408, 455–6

forced to wear badges 530

Himmler sees as hostages 407–8, 707–8, 724

Kristallnacht 408–10

mass murder of 566–7

membership of student fraternities 33–4, 756n48

Nazi anti-Jewish actions (1933-38) 216

Nuremberg Laws (1935) 197

Gestapa (Geheimes Staatspolizeiamt):

centralization of secret Reich police force 201

establishment of 162

Heydrich becomes head of 168

Himmler attempts to establish as Prussian ministry 192

Himmler establishes contacts in 163–4

organizational structure 470

Prussian Gestapa Law (1936) 195

search for compromising material on SA 172

Gestapo (Geheime Staatspolizei):

asocial operation 228

assassination attempt on Hitler (1939) 472–3

assassination attempt on Hitler (1944) 697–8

Austria, established in 404

campaign against astrologers and occult circles 519–20

cases investigated by 212–13

Christian church:

Jehovah’s Witnesses 224

persecution of 221–2

communist threat 202

action against 192–3, 194–5, 698

elimination of 213

Himmler’s memorandum on (1935) 193–4

criminal police, relations between 226–7

domestic repression 636–8, 662

establishment of 148

executions without trial 473–4

foundation for development of 162–3

Freemasons 214

functions of 212, 472

Himmler appointed Inspector of the Secret State Police in Prussia 168

Himmler on functions of 206

Himmler’s speech to staff (1934)

nature of Gestapo 184–5

self-image as head of 184

homosexuals:

action against 237

investigates Fritsch 398–9

infiltrated by Himmler 166

informants 211

Jewish persecution 216

encouragement of emigration 217

increase in wartime 477

record of domiciled Jews 217

maintains autonomy 176

murders in final months of war 719

myth surrounding 209

Poland, preparations for war 425

preventive repression 193, 194, 195

Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia 412–13

public cooperation with 209–10

Reichswehr, relations between 189

restrictions on responsibilities of 472

SD (Security Service), links between 188–9

size of 211

‘special treatment’ (Sonderbehandlung) 474–6

treatment of Polish POWs and workers in Germany:

civilian workers 475–6

Polish decrees 476

POWs 474–5, 476

sexual relations with Germans 475–6

unification throughout Reich 211

see also
Reich Security Main Office (RSHA)

Giesler, Paul 730

Gille, Herbert 316–17

Gisevius, Hans 166, 191

Gleiwitz radio station 425

Globocnik, Odilo 348–51, 510, 528, 535, 538, 564, 620

atrocities in Lublin 349–50

background of 349

complaint against 348–9

dependence upon Himmler 351

deportation of Jews from Italy 692

financial assistance from Himmler 350

mass murder of Jews 561–2

military settlements 450

murder of Jews in Poland 350

Operation Reinhardt 350, 571, 583

proposes construction of extermination camp 547

settlement policy in General Government 582–3

superiors’ assessment of 351

Glücks, Richard 480, 559, 624, 632–3

Goebbels, Joseph 216

appointed Nazi Propaganda Chief 115

becomes Gauleiter in Berlin 89

Christian church 223

considers peace approaches 719, 720

with Himmler 721–2

criticism of Hitler 723

extermination of Jews 550–1, 562

Fritsch crisis 400

on Himmler 88, 115, 684, 704, 722

Hitler’s criticism of Himmler 722–3

Kristallnacht 409