John Quincy Adams (46 page)

8
Ibid.

9
Boston Sons of Liberty to John Wilkes, November 4, 1769, in
Papers of John Adams
, ed. Robert J. Taylor, 10 vols. (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1983), 1:233.

10
Ibid.

11
William M. Fowler Jr.,
The Baron of Beacon Hill: A Biography of John Hancock
(Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1980), 181.

12
Memoirs
, 1:5.

13
Abigail Adams to Mary Cranch, October 6, 1766, in John Ferling,
John Adams: A Life
(New York: Henry Holt, 1992), 53.

14
Worthington Chauncey Ford, ed.,
Journals of the Continental Congress
, 34 vols. (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1904–1936), 2:77–78.

15
AA to JA, May 24, 1775, in
Adams Family Correspondence
, ed. L. H. Butterfield et al., 10 vols. (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1963–2007), 1:204–206 (hereafter AFC).

16
JA to AA, May 29, 1775, and June 2, 1775, in ibid., 206–209.

17
Charles Francis Adams, ed.,
The Works of John Adams, Second President of the United States
, 10 vols. (Boston: Little, Brown, 1856), 2:416–417 (hereafter Adams,
Works
).

18
John Hancock to Joseph Warren, June 18, 1775, in Herbert S. Allan,
John Hancock: Patriot in Purple
(New York: Beechhurst Press, 1953), 196.

19
Abigail Adams,
My Dearest Friend: Letters of Abigail and John Adams
, ed. Margaret A. Hogan and C. James Taylor (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2007), 65–68.

20
Ibid.

21
AA to JA, June 18, 1775, in AFC, 1:222.

22
Ibid.

23
Memoirs
, 1:6.

24
AA to JA, June 25, 1775, in AFC, 1: 230–233.

25
Memoirs
, 1:5.

26
AA to JA, June 22, 1775, in AFC, 1:225–226.

27
Ibid.

28
JA to AA, August 29, 1774, in AA,
My Dearest Friend
, 39–41.

29
JA to AA, June 23, 1777, in ibid., 183–184.

30
Memoirs
, 1:7.

31
JA to AA, June 23, 1777, in AA,
My Dearest Friend
, 183–184.

32
John Quincy Adams,
Diaries of John Quincy Adams
, September 24, 1829, MHS (hereafter JQA
Diaries
).

33
JA to AA, May 22, 1776, in AFC, 1:412–413.

34
AA to JA, July 21, 1776, in AA,
My Dearest Friend
, 132–133.

35
JA to AA, December 3, 1775, in AA,
My Dearest Friend
, 91–92.

36
AA to JA, May 7, 1776, in AFC, 1:375, 387; 2:13–16.

37
JA to AA, in AFC, 2:50–51.

38
JA to AA, December 3, 1775, in AA,
My Dearest Friend
, 91–92.

39
JQA to JA, June 2, 1777, in
Memoirs
, 1:7–8.

40
Butterfield,
Diary and Autobiography
, 4:1.

41
James Lovell to JA, November 28, 1777, in Adams,
Works
, 5:337–338.

42
AA to John Lovell, December 15, 1777[?], in AFC, 2:370–371.

43
AA to Lovell, December 15, 1777, in AFC, 2:370–371.

44
AA to JQA, June [10?] 1778, in AFC, 3: 37–39.

45
Page Smith,
John Adams
, 2 vols. (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1962), 1:352.

46
Ibid., 12.

47
Ibid.

1
Butterfield,
Diary and Autobiography
, 2:272.

2
Ibid., 276–277.

3
Ibid.

4
Ibid., 277.

5
Ibid.

6
Ibid., 276.

7
Ibid., 272.

8
Ibid., 272–273.

9
Ibid., 273.

10
Ibid., 284.

11
Ibid., 293–294.

12
Ibid., 295–296.

13
Ibid., 296.

14
Ibid., 307.

15
JQA to AA, September 27, 1778, in
Memoirs
, 1:8–9.

16
Butterfield,
Diary and Autobiography
, 2:305.

17
Ibid., 367.

18
Jonathan Sewell to [?], 1787, in Adams,
Works
, 1:56n–58n.

19
Butterfield,
Diary and Autobiography
, 2:314.

20
Ibid., 385.

21
John Adams,
The Revolutionary Writings of John Adams
(Indianapolis, IN: Liberty Fund, 2000), Part 10, “The Report of a Constitution or Form of Government for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts,” 298.

22
AA to JA, November 14, 1779, in AA,
My Dearest Friend
, 229.

23
JA to AA, November 13, 1779, in ibid.

24
AFC, 3:233.

25
Diaries
, MHS, November 12, 1779.

26
Diary
, 1:25.

27
Butterfield,
Diary and Autobiography
, 2:226.

28
AA to JQA, September 29, 1778, in AFC, 3:97–98.

29
Butterfield,
Diary and Autobiography
, 4:243.

30
JA to JQA, December 20, 1780, in AFC, 38–39.

31
AA to JQA, January 21, 1781, in AFC, 3: 67–68.

32
AA to JQA, May 26, 1781, in ibid., 136–137.

33
Tragedy of Cato
, by Joseph Addison, 3:v.

34
Diary
, 1:89.

1
Ibid., 92, 96.

2
Ibid., 99.

3
JQA to John Thaxter, September 8–19, 1781, in AFC, 4:214; JQA to JA, August 21, 1781, in AFC, 4:206–207.

4
Diary
, 1:105–106.

5
JA to JQA, December 15, 1781, in AFC, 4:264.

6
JA to JQA, February 5, 1782, in ibid., 282–283.

7
JA to JQA, May 13, 1782, in ibid., 322–323.

8
JQA to JA, February 21–March 4, 1782, in ibid., 286–287.

9
JQA to Alexander H. Everett, August 19, 1811, Everett-Peabody Papers, MHS.

10
AA to JA, November 11, 1783, in AA,
My Dearest Friend
, 294–297.

11
February 10–11, 1783, in JQA
Diaries
, 1:170.

12
JA to AA, November 20, 1783, in AA,
My Dearest Friend
, 299–301; July 26, 1783, in AFC, 5:218.

13
AA to JQA, November 20, 1783, in AFC, 5:272–275.

14
Diary
, 1:176ff.

15
August 16, 22, 23, 27, 1783, in JQA
Diaries
, 1:184–188.

16
September 20, 1783, in ibid., 1:192.

17
AA to JA, July 23, 1784, in ibid., 397–399.

18
JA to AA, July 26, 1784, in ibid., 399–400.

19
AA to Mary Smith Cranch, July 6–July 30, 1784, in ibid., 382.

20
Ibid.

21
AA to JA, July 30, 1784, in ibid., 408–409.

22
JA to Thomas Jefferson, January 22, 1825, in Adams,
Works
, 10:414.

23
Diary
, 1:242.

24
Ibid., 236–256.

25
Ibid., 224.

26
AA to Lucy Cranch, September 5, 1784, in AFC, 5:436–439.

27
Diary
, 1:256–257.

28
Morison,
Three Centuries of Harvard
, 136. A legendary Harvard professor of history, Morison was graduated from Harvard in 1908 and won two Pulitzer Prizes for biographies of Christopher Columbus and John Paul Jones. Among many other works, he wrote the monumental fifteen-volume
History of the United States Naval Operations in World War II, The Oxford History of the American People
, and
The Intellectual Life of Colonial New England
.

29
JA to Benjamin Waterhouse, December 13, 1784, in Worthington Chauncey Ford, ed.,
Statesman and Friend: The Correspondence of John Adams with Benjamin Waterhouse, 1784–1822
(Boston: Little, Brown, 1927), 6.

30
Diary
, 1:266.

31
Thomas Jefferson to John Adams, May 25, 1785, AP MHS.

32
Diary
, 1:289.

33
Ibid., 290.

34
Ibid., 296.

35
Ibid., 299.

36
JQA to “Nabby,” in AFC, 6:251–256.

37
Diary
, 1:312.

38
Mary Smith Cranch to AA, August 14, 1785, in AFC, 6:268–275.

39
Diary
, 1:317.

1
Ibid., 406.

2
Ibid., 334.

3
Ibid., 383.

4
Ibid., 378.

5
Ibid., 335, 339.

6
Ibid., 390.

7
Ibid., 410.

8
Ibid., 2:28–29.

9
JA to JQA, May 26, 1786, in AFC, 7:205–206.

10
Diary
, 2:2.

11
AA to JQA, July 21, 1786, in AFC, 7:274–277.

12
Paul C. Nagel,
John Quincy Adams: A Public Life, a Private Life
(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1997), 53.

13
JQA to AA, December 30, 1786, in AFC, 7:417–420.

14
Diary
, 2:337–338.

15
Ibid., 361.

16
April 8, 1788, in
Diaries
, MHS.

17
Ibid., 2:343.

18
March 29, April 6, and April 11, 1789, in
Diaries
, MHS.

19
JQA to AA, November 20, 1790, in AFC, 9:146–149.

20
JQA to AA, December 14, 1790, in ibid., 161–162.

21
JA to JQA, December 13, 1790, in ibid., 160.

22
Letters of Publicola
in
The Selected Writings of John and John Quincy Adams,
ed. Adrienne Koch and William Peden (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1946), 227.

23
Dumas Malone,
Jefferson and the Rights of Man
(Boston: Little, Brown, 1951), 214.

24
George A. Peek Jr., ed.,
The Political Writings of John Adams
(New York: Liberal Arts Press, American Heritage Series, 1954), 194.

25
Ron Chernow,
Alexander Hamilton
(New York: Penguin Press, 2004), 459.

26
Memoirs
, 1:25.

27
JQA to JA, February 10, 1793, in AFC.

28
AA to JA, February 22, 1793, in AA,
My Dearest Friend
, 341–342.

29
Douglas Southall Freeman,
George Washington
:
A Biography,
completed by John Alexander Carroll and Mary Wells Ashworth, 7 vols. (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1957), 7:36.

30
Meade Minnigerode,
Jefferson, Friend of France 1793: The Career of Edmond Charles Genet
(New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1928), 207.

31
Alexander DeConde,
Entangling Alliance
(Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1958), 181; Dumas Malone,
Jefferson and the Ordeal of Liberty
(Boston: Little, Brown, 1962), 97.

32
JQA to JA, February 10, 1793, in
Writings,
1:79–86.

33
George Washington to Thomas Jefferson, April 12, 1793, in
The Papers of George Washington, Presidential Series, September, 1788–May 1793
, ed. W. W. Abbott, Dorothy Twohig, Philander D, Chase, and Theodore J. Crackel, 12 vols. (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1987–2005, 16 vols. [in progress]), 12:448–449.

34
Columbian Centinel
, April 24, 1793.

35
Harlow Giles Unger,
Noah Webster: The Life and Times of an American Patriot
(New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1998), 71, 183.

36
John Adams to Thomas Jefferson, June 30, 1813, in
The Adams-Jefferson Letters: The Complete Correspondence Between Thomas Jefferson and Abigail and John Adams
, ed. Lester J. Cappon (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1959), 346–347.

37
Minnigerode,
Jefferson,
184.

38
Archives des Affaires Étrangères, Ministère des Affaires Étrangères, Quai d'Orsay, Paris, France, vol. 38, Dossier “Correspondence Consulaire: Genet.”

39
Koch and Peden,
Selected Writings
, 238.

40
Memoirs
, 1:28.

41
Minnigerode,
Jefferson,
362.

42
JA to JQA, April 23, 1794, in AFC, 10:150–152.

43
JA to JQA, May 26, 1794, in ibid., 192–193.

44
JA to JQA, May 29 and 30, 1794, in ibid., 197–200.

45
JA to JQA, May 30, 1794, in ibid., 199.

46
AA to Martha Washington, June 20, 1794, in ibid., 206.

47
Michel Poniatowski,
Talleyrand aux États-Unis
,
1794–1796
(Paris: Presses de la Cité, 1967), 375.

48
AA to JQA, July 20, 1794, in AFC, 10:215.

49
JA to JQA, August 24, 1794, in ibid., 227–228.

50
JA to John Quincy Adams and Thomas Boylston Adams, September 14, 1794, in ibid., 230.