Madrigals Magic Key to Spanish (158 page)
Read Madrigals Magic Key to Spanish Online
Authors: Margarita Madrigal
Tags: #Reference, #Language Arts & Disciplines
ROGAR,
to beg, to implore
O = UE
“Volcar” ends in “qué” in the first person singular of the past.
VOLCAR,
to overturn
O = UE
There are some radical changing verbs that end in “zar” in the infinitive. In ALL verbs which end in “zar” in the infinitive the “z” changes to “c” in the first person singular of the past and in the present subjunctive.
COMENZAR,
to begin, to start
E = IE
“Empezar” also means to begin and is interchangeable with “comenzar.” “Empezar” (
to begin
) and “tropezar” (
to stumble
) have the same irregularities as “comenzar,” above.
ALMORZAR,
to have lunch
O = UE
“Esforzar” (
to make an effort
) and “forzar” (
to force
) have the same irregularities as “almorzar” above.
Radical Changing Verbs II and III are listed earlier in this lesson.
IRREGULAR
PAST PARTICIPLES
THE “PONER” FAMILY
| INFINITIVE | PAST PARTICIPLE |
| poner, to put | PUESTO, put |
| exponer, to expose | EXPUESTO, exposed |
| suponer, to suppose | SUPUESTO, supposed |
| proponer, to propose | PROPUESTO, proposed |
| oponer, to oppose | OPUESTO, opposed |
| imponer, to impose | IMPUESTO, imposed |
| componer, to repair, to compose | COMPUESTO, repaired |
| descomponerse, to get itself out of order | DESCOMPUESTO, gotten out of order |
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
he puesto,
I have put
he expuesto,
I have exposed
he supuesto,
I have supposed
he propuesto,
I have proposed
he opuesto,
I have opposed
he impuesto,
I have imposed
he compuesto,
I have repaired
se ha descompuesto,
it has gotten out of order
THE “VOLVER” FAMILY
| INFINITIVE | PAST PARTICIPLE |
| volver, to return | VUELTO, returned |
| devolver, to return (a thing) | DEVUELTO, returned |
| revolver, to mix, to stir | REVUELTO, mixed |
| envolver, to wrap | ENVUELTO, wrapped |
| desenvolver, to unwrap | DESENVUELTO, unwrapped |
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
he vuelto,
I have returned
he devuelto,
I have returned
(a thing)
he revuelto,
I have mixed
he envuelto,
I have wrapped
he desenvuelto,
I have unwrapped
THE “ESCRIBIR” FAMILY
| INFINITIVE | PAST PARTICIPLE |
| escribir, to write | ESCRITO, written |
| describir, to describe | DESCRITO, described |
| subscribir, to subscribe | SUBSCRITO, subscribed |
| inscribir, to inscribe | INSCRITO, inscribed |
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
he escrito,
I have written
he descrito,
I have described
he subscrito,
I have subscribed
he inscrito,
I have inscribed
OTHER IRREGULAR PAST PARTICIPLES
| INFINITIVE | PAST PARTICIPLE |
| abrir, to open | ABIERTO, opened |
| cubrir, to cover | CUBIERTO, covered |
| descubrir, to discover | DESCUBIERTO, discovered |
| imprimir, to print | IMPRESO, printed |
| resolver, to solve, to resolve | RESUELTO, solved, resolved |
| disolver, to dissolve | DISUELTO, dissolved |
| freír, to fry | FRITO, fried |
| morir, to die | MUERTO, died |
| romper, to tear, to break | ROTO, torn |
| ver, to see | VISTO, seen |
| decir, to say | DICHO, said |
| hacer, to do, to make | HECHO, done, made |
| deshacer, to undo | DESHECHO, undone |
| deshacerse de, to get rid of | DESHECHO DE, gotten rid of |
| satisfacer, to satisfy | SATISFECHO, satisfied |
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
he abierto,
I have opened
he cubierto,
I have covered
he descubierto,
I have discovered
he impreso,
I have printed
he resuelto,
I have solved, resolved
he disuelto,
I have dissolved
he frito,
I have fried
ha muerto,
he has died
he roto,
I have torn
he visto,
I have seen
he dicho,
I have said
he hecho,
I have done, made
he deshecho,
I have undone
me he deshecho de,
I have gotten rid of
he satisfecho,
I have satisfied