Authors: Richard Holmes
sources, 8
ends, 15
and War of
League of Augsburg, 172–3
origins, 192–3
conduct, 209
opening campaign in Low Countries, 224–7
and French demands, 322
Sparke, William, 120
Spectator
(journal), 36
Spencer, Lady Anne (Marlborough’s daughter)
see
Sunderland, Countess of
Spencer, Charles (historian), 3
Spencer, Charles, Lord
see
Sunderland, 3rd Earl of
Spencer, Lady Diana, 473
Spencer, Major Giles, 20
Spencer-Churchill family, 476
Speyerbach, 305
battle of (1704), 251, 254
Stair, John Dalrymple, 1st Earl of, 181, 208
Stair, John Dalrymple, 2nd Earl of, 284, 347, 391, 403, 454, 467
Stanhope, Major General James, 1st Earl, 303, 356–7
Stanislas Lesczynski, King of Poland, 357
Steele, Sir Richard, 15, 18
Steenkirk, battle of (1692), 172, 181–2
Stepney, George, 212, 218, 220, 254, 368, 438
Stewart, Major-General William, 19
Stollhofen, Lines of, 240, 250–1, 256, 268, 278, 305, 331
Strafford, Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of, 210
Strafford, Major General Thomas Wentworth, 3rd Earl of (
earlier
Baron Raby):
on Masham’s patronage, 23
on Portmore’s selling regiment to Kirke, 24
Cadogan meets, 210
told of Marlborough’s forces, 216
praises Cadogan, 217
Stepney seconds in Berlin, 254
and Cadogan’s staff work, 256
and Marlborough’s campaign against Vendôme, 361
and capture of Cadogan, 367
relations with Cadogan, 440
denied promotion, 446–7
Strasbourg, 90, 188, 249
Stretton, Lieutenant, 405
Strickland, Admiral Sir Roger, 145
Strong (Blenheim Palace mason), 301
Stuart, Frances, 62
Sturler, General, 388
Styrum, Hermann Otto Limburg-Styrum, Count zu, 248, 275, 287
Sunderland, Anne Spencer, Countess of (
née
Churchill; Marlborough’s daughter), 102, 108, 191, 448, 469, 471
Sunderland, Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of:
first marriage (to Anne Churchill), 191
as extraordinary envoy to Vienna, 304
Sarah recommends for high office, 351
appointed secretary of state, 353
and Marlborough’s siege of Lille, 402
Anne dismisses, 442–3
remarries, 473
Sunderland, Judith, Countess of (
née
Tichborne), 473
Sunderland, Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of:
works with Godolphin, 100
and Anne’s marriage to Prince George, 106
and Anne’s circle, 108
persuades Sarah to reconciliation with William, 186
Whiggism, 191
and French peace overtures (1709), 215–16
opposes Prince George’s exemption from naturalisation clause in Act of Settlement, 234
Supremacy, Oath of, 77
Surville, Louis Charles de Hautefort, marquis de, 419
Sweden:
defeated in Great Northern War, 306
see also
Charles XII, King of Sweden
Sweet, Benjamin, 460
Swift, Jonathan, 5, 33
The Conduct of the Allies in the late War
, 458
Swift, Richard, 208
Swiss:
at battle of Oudenarde, 388
serve on both sides at Malplaquet, 424
Syon House, Middlesex, 177, 180
Talbot, Lieut.-Colonel Richard, 92, 110
Tallard, Marshal Camille de:
on Blenheim campaign, 8–9
in Lines of Stollhofen, 240
Prince William of
Baden resists, 251
threat in Bavaria, 255
and Marlborough’s march into Germany, 259–60
joins Elector of Bavaria, 277–8, 280–1, 283
defeated at battle of Blenheim, 282, 285, 287–9, 292–5
ignorance of Marlborough/Eugène’s strength, 282
praises Zurlauben, 292
as prisoner, 296–7
defeats Prince Louis at Speyerbach, 305
Tangerines (conspiratorial group), 136
Tangier:
Pepys in, 10
British troops in, 49, 51
as part of Catherine of Braganza’s dowry, 49, 51
Marlborough serves in, 59–60
Taunton, Somerset, 120, 126
Taviers, 334, 345–6
Teignmouth, 168
Temple, Sir Richard, 207
Tenison, Thomas, Archbishop of Canterbury, 137
Tessé, Marshal Mans Jean Baptiste René de Froullai, comte de, 259
Test Acts, 77–8, 131, 137
in Scotland, 95
Teviot, Andrew Rutherford, 1st Earl of, 59, 82
Thiery Wood, Flanders, 422–4
Thornhill, Sir James, 301
Thourout, 399
Thungen, General, 202
Tillotson, John, Archbishop of Canterbury, 186
Tilly, Claude t’Serclaes, Count of, 386, 455
Tincey, John, 118, 128
Tirlemont, 315, 317, 333
Tollemache, Lieutenant General Thomas, 161, 172–3, 174, 183, 184
Tonbridge (Tunbridge), Michael de Burghe, Viscount, 294
Tongres, 229, 241, 247, 367
Torbay:
William lands at, 145
British invasion fleet returns to, 350
Torcy, Jean-Baptise Colbert, marquis de, 193, 216, 319, 410, 458
Tories:
representation in Parliament, 33
following and views, 35–7
on war with France, 37
name adopted, 90
and Cockpit circle, 140
deny pension to Marlborough, 233
favour seapower, 233
Sarah’s hostility to, 238–9, 298
and Blenheim victory, 298
success of moderates in 1703 election, 304
removed from office under Anne, 353
and Webb, 413
hostility to Marlborough, 415
disparage Marlborough’s military achievements, 458
accept Treaty of Utrecht, 459
Torrington, Admiral Arthur Herbert, 1st Earl of, 137, 145, 168
Torrington, Viscount
see
Byng, Admiral Sir George
torture (judicial):
in France, 66
in Scotland, 94
Toulon:
Allied attack on, 357–61
Tournai, 367, 393, 418–21, 455
Tourville, Admiral Anne-Hilarion de Cotentin, 179
Townshend, Charles, Viscount, 447
Trained Bands (London), 49
Trarbach, 249, 251, 305
Treason Club, 136
Trelawney, Brigadier General Charles:
opposes Monmouth rebellion, 114, 125
conspires against James II, 136
deserts James II, 151
serves on commission for army reform, 159
Trelawney, Sir John, Bishop of Exeter, then of Winchester, 33, 136, 233, 355
Trento, 250
Trevelyan, George Macaulay:
on Marlborough, 4–5
on Whigs, 36
on success of William’s invasion, 147
on effect of battle of Ramillies, 348
on Malplaquet, 441
Trier, 249, 251, 305, 309, 311–12
Trogne, Jean Gérard, Baron van, 243
Tullibardine, Colonel John Murray the younger, styled Earl of, 433
Turckheim, 81
Turenne, Marshal Henri de la Tour d’Auvergne, vicomte de, 79–82
Turin, siege of (1706), 350
Turkey (Ottoman Empire):
alliance with French, 146, 250
and Peace of Carlowitz, 250
Turnham Green, 187
Tyrconnell, Frances, Countess of (
née
Jennings; Sarah Marlborough’s sister):
serves at court, 83–4
marriage to Hamilton, 86
and Marlborough’s courtship of Sarah, 88
first husband killed, 89
marriage to Tyrconnell, 92–3
Marlborough buys share of Jennings home from, 100
Marlborough arranges pass to Aix for, 327
Tyrconnell, Richard Talbot, Earl (
later
Duke) of:
marriage to Frances, 92–3
and reform of army in Ireland, 133–4
secures Ireland for James, 166
and campaign in Ireland (1690), 169, 170–1
death, 171
Ulm, 74, 202, 240, 250, 305
Union, Act of (Scotland-England, 1707), 356
United Provinces (Dutch Republic):
commercial treaty with France (1697), 18
Louis XIV’s threat to and war with, 51, 65–8
England forms treaty of alliance with (1677), 52
government, 67, 198–9
British troops in, 78
peace with Britain (1674), 78
war with France ends (1678), 89
France resumes war with (1688), 146, 159
Marlborough appointed ambassador, 195–6
threatened by French, 196, 198
and Spanish occupation of Netherlands territory, 197–8
religious toleration, 198
in War of Spanish Succession, 198–9, 201, 224–5
conduct of war, 199–200
maritime interests, 199
support Marlborough as commander, 201
and French peace overtures (1709), 216
raise additional troops (1703), 240
suspend trade with France, 240
veto Marlborough’s plan to attack Lines of Brabant, 247
at Donauwörth, 275
French negotiate with (1705), 318–19
and supplies of saltpetre, 326
see also
Dutch, the
Upcott, Captain (of Oxford Blues), 122
Utrecht, Treaty of (1713), 15, 458–9, 462
Valencia, 350
Valenciennes, 420, 453
Vanbrugh, Sir John:
declines post of surveyor general, 22
designs Blenheim Palace, 300–1
disagrees with Sarah over continuing with Blenheim building, 472
Sarah dismisses from Blenheim Palace project, 477
Vauban, Marshal Sebastien le Prestre de, 70, 73–4, 76, 90, 130, 184, 392, 452
Vaudemont, Charles Thomas, Prince of, 174
Vegetius:
De Re Militari
, 46–7
Vendôme, Louis-Joseph, Duke of:
replaces Villeroi after Ramillies, 349
opposes Marlborough on Brabant borders, 361–2
returns captured Cadogan in exchange for Pallavicini, 368
and 1708 campaign in Spanish Netherlands, 369, 371, 378–9, 393
Louis XIV sends instructions to, 369–70
relations with Burgundy, 370, 377–8, 390, 393
and battle of Oudenarde, 382–4, 386, 389–90
orders capture of Allied arms convoy, 399
and siege of Lille, 401
loses favour, 412
Venlo, siege of (1701), 227–8
Venner, Thomas, 49–50
Verona, 250
Versailles, 66
Victor Amadeus, Duke of Savoy:
makes separate peace with France (1696), 188
new treaty of alliance (1703), 239
defection from France, 252, 329–30
Eugène disparages, 252
payments to, 252–3
attack on Toulon, 357–61
campaign in Italy, 362
Palmes meets in Vienna, 416
dilatoriness, 417
territorial gains under Peace of Utrecht, 458
Vienna:
strategic position, 250
Vigo Bay:
Spanish treasure fleet captured, 233
Villars, Marshal Claude Louis Hector, duc de:
intervenes at Walcourt, 162