Read No Contest Online

Authors: Alfie Kohn

No Contest (60 page)

Helping behavior,
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,
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–
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,
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,
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.
See also
Altruism

Hendin, Herbert,
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,
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Henry, Jules,
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,
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,
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,
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Heraclitus,
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.

Hirsch, Fred,
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Hobbes, Thomas,
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,
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,
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Hoch, Paul,
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.
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.
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.
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Hoffman, Martin L.,
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n
;.24,
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n
.
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Hofstadter, Richard,
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,
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,
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n
.
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Holt, John,
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Homeostasis,
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–
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,
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n
.
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Horner, Matina,
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–
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,
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n
.
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Horney, Karen,
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,
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n
. ,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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–
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Huizinga, Johan,
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,
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“Human nature,”
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–
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,
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,
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Imagining the real,
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Independent goal achievement,
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,
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.
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Individualism,
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,
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–
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,
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–
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,
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,
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.
See also
Conformity

Inequity.
See
Economic maldistribution in competitive societies

Insatiability,
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Intentional competition: affected by structural competition,
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,
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,
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,
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–
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; as cause of structural competition,
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; causes of,
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–
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,
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–
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; defined,
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–
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; as habitual,
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; and hostility,
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,
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–
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; negatively related to success,
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–
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; prevalence in lower classes,
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–
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; reducing,
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–
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Interdisciplinary scholarship,
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Intimacy, instant, in U.S.,
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Inuit of Canada,
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Iroquois,
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Isolation,
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,
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.
See also
Competition: effect of, on relationships

 

Jacklin, Carol,
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,
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Japanese,
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,
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,
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,
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Johnson, David and Roger,
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.
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.
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Johnson, William O.,
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.
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Journalism,
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Kafka, Franz,
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Kagan, Jerome,
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Kagan, Spencer,
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.
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.
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.
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Kalahari Bushmen,
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Kant, Immanuel,
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.
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Kelley, Harold H.,
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–
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,
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–
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Keynes, John Maynard,
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Kibbutzniks,
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,
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n
.
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Kierkegaard, Sören,
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Kikuyu of Kenya,
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King, Gillian,
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King of the Mountain,
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Knowles, John,
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Kohlberg, Lawrence,
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Kohn, Alfie,
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.
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.
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.
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.
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.
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Kropotkin, Petr,
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,
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.
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Kwakiutl,
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Lakoff, Robin,
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Landry, Tom,
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Lasch, Christopher,
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Lear, Norman,
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Learning.
See
Education

Learning theory,
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–
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Legal system, adversarial model of,
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–
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,
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,
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–
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,
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,
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n
.
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Leisure,
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.

Lentz, Theodore F.,
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,
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n
.
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Leonard, George,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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Levin, Jenifer,
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Lewin, Kurt,
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n
.

Lewis, C. S.,
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n
.
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Lewis, Sinclair,
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Lewontin, Richard,
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,
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.
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,
n
.
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Lifton, Robert Jay,
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,
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Little League,
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–
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,
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Locke, Edwin,
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–
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Lombardi, Vince,
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,
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n
.
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Lorenz, Konrad,
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.
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Losing: and aggression,
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; fear of,
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,
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; penalties for,
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–
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; psychological implications of,
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–
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,
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–
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; vs. failure,
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–
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Love, competition for,
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–
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,
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–
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Lüschen, Günther,
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,
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MacArthur, Douglas,
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,
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Maccoby, Eleanor,
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,
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Madsen, Millard C.,
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Malthus, Thomas,
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Mansbridge, Jane,
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n
.
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.
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Marcel, Gabriel,
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Martens, Rainer,
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Maslow, Abraham,
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. ,
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
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May, Mark A.,
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.
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May, Rollo,
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.
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Mazlish, Elaine,
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McLuhan, Marshall,
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McMurty, John,
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Mead, Margaret,
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,
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Means interdependence, task,
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Meggyesy, Dave,
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Men and competition,
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Mexicans,
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Michener, James,
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Mills, C. Wright,
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.
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Montagu, Ashley,
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.
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n
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Monty Python,
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Moral reasoning: different for women,
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; lower for aggressors,
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–
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; lower when competing,
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,
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.
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Morgan, George W.,
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.
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Motive for success,
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,
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Motive to avoid success.
See
Fear of success

Moulton, Janice,
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Movies.
See
Films

Music competitions,
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,
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Musical chairs,
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Mutually exclusive goal attainment (MEGA),
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Nations, competition among,
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Natural selection,
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Nelson, Janice,
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Nerd stigma,
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Neurosis and competition,
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Norwegians,
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Novak, Michael,
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.
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.
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Objectification,
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–
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Oedipal crisis,
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–
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Ogilvie, Bruce,
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,
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Orlick, Terry,
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,
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. ,
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.
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.
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.
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O'Roark, Mary Ann,
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Orwell, George,
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,
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,
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,
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Parenti, Michael,
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,
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,
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n
.
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Parking,
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Paterno, Joe,
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Pepitone, Emmy,
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,
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,
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,
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n
.
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Perception of others' competitiveness,
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,
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,
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Percy, Walker,
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Perspective-taking,
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,
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Petersdorf, Robert G.,
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Piaget, Jean,
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.
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.
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Pines, Maya,
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n
.
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Play,
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,
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–
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; defined,
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; as non-homeostatic,
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–
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; practical uses of,
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; relationship of, to competition,
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–
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,
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.
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; rules in,
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Politics, competition vs. consensus in,
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.
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; corruption in,
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,
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Poverty and hunger,
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.
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Pride,
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.
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Primitive cultures, competition vs. cooperation in,
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–
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Prisoner's Dilemma,
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,
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–
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Problem-solving, under competition vs. cooperation,
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,
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–
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Process orientation and product orientation,
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Productivity: from group's perspective,
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; from long-range perspective,
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–
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