Soldaten: On Fighting, Killing, and Dying (77 page)

Royal Air Force (RAF),
4.1
,
6.1
,
6.2
,
7.1

Rudolph, Egon,
4.1
,
7.1

Ruhfus, Heinrich

rules,
1.1
,
1.2
,
3.1
,
3.2

     
about killing

     
secondary adjustments and

     
war and

rumors,
4.1
,
4.2
,
4.3
,
8.1

     spreading of,
3.1
,
3.2
,
6.1

     technology and,
6.1
,
6.2

Rundstadt, Feldmarschall von,
7.1
,
9.1

Russia

     in World War I,
1.1
,
3.1

     
mass execution of Jews in

     
see also
Soviet Union

Russian Revolution

Rwanda

SA,
2.1
,
3.1
,
8.1
,
9.1

sacrifice,
2.1
,
4.1
,
8.1
,
8.2
,
8.3
,
8.4
,
8.5
,
12.1

     
Italians and

     Waffen SS and,
9.1
,
9.2

     willingness for,
2.1
,
2.2
,
2.3
,
8.1
,
8.2
,
8.3
,
9.1

Saemmer (German POW)

Saint-Lô

Saint-Malo,
8.1
,
8.2

Saipan

Sakowicz, Kazimierz

Saldern, Sylvester von

Salomon, Ernst von

Salza (Italian POW)

sanitary salons,
5.1
,
5.2

Sattler, Hans,
8.1
,
9.1
,
9.2

Sauermann (German POW)

SC 143

Scandinavia

Schaefer (German POW),
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3

Schäfer, Hans-Dieter

Schaffrath (German POW)

Scharnhorst
(German battleship),
7.1
,
9.1

Schepke, Joachim

“Schepke tonnage”

Scheringer, Heinz

Schilling, Lieutenant Commander

Schindler, Oskar

Schirach, Baldur von

Schirmer (German POW)

Schlieben, Wilhelm von,
8.1
,
8.2
,
9.1

Schlösser, First Lieutenant

Schmid, Staff Sergeant

Schmidt, Lieutenant,
3.1
,
3.2

Schmitt, Leutnant

Schmundt, Rudolf

Schneider (German POW)

Schönauer First Lieutenant,
6.1
,
6.2

Schramm, Günther

Schreiber, First Sergeant

Schreiber, Second Lieutenant

Schröder, Kurt

Schultka (German POW)

Schulz, Herbert

Schumann (bomber pilot)

Schünemann, Major General

Schürmann, Lieutenant

Schürmann (German POW),
4.1
,
5.1

Schütz, Alfred,
1.1
,
1.2

Schwarz, Werner

Schwenninger, Fritz

Schymczyk, Hubert

SD (Sicherheitsdienst, the Security Service of the SS),
3.1
,
9.1

Sebald, W. G.

2nd Armored Group, German

2nd Navy Infantry Division, German

secondary adjustments

second-order frames of reference

secrecy,
3.1
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
5.1

security,
1.1
,
1.2
,
2.1
,
3.1
,
3.2

Security Service, German,
see
SS

self-defense, killing as

self-image, respectability and,
4.1
,
4.2

Serbia

Sevastopol

707th Infantry Division, German

709th Infantry Division, German

716th Infantry Division, German

sex, sexual behavior,
1.1
,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
3.4
,
5.1

     
brothels and

     
condemnation of

     shootings after,
3.1
,
5.1
,
5.2
,
5.3

     of SS,
4.1
,
4.2
,
5.1

     venereal disease and,
5.1
,
5.2
,
5.3

     
see also
rape

sexual escapism

Shay, Jonathan

shifting baselines

Shils, Edward A.,
1.1
,
12.1

ships

     
putting Jews in

     sinking of,
1.1
,
3.1
,
3.2
,
4.1
,
6.1
,
7.1
,
8.1
,
9.1
,
9.2
,
9.3

     tonnage of,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
9.1
,
9.2

     
see also
merchant ships
;
passenger ships

Shomon, Joseph

shooting,
1.1
,
3.1
,
9.1

     
of Dane

     down planes,
see
airplanes
,
shooting down of

     
of French bicyclist

     at German soldiers,
4.1
,
4.2

     of Jews,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
4.3
,
4.4
,
4.5
,
4.6
,
5.1
,
8.1
,
8.2
,
8.3

     photographing,
4.1
,
4.2

     
of “Polish swine”

     
of POWs

     of young Russian soldiers,
1.1
,
1.2

Sicily, Allied capture of

Siebert (Luftwaffe crewman)

Simferopol

Simianer, Lieutenant

Sino-Japanese War (1937–1939)

Siry, Maximilian,
3.1
,
3.2

situations,
1.1
,
3.1
,
3.2
,
4.1
,
7.1
,
11.1
,
11.2

     
POW treatment and

     
sex and

6th Army, German,
7.1
,
7.2
,
7.3
,
7.4
,
8.1

61st Infantry Division, German

Skrzipek, Heinrich

Slovak soldiers

social anxiety

Social Democrats

social differentiation

social duties,
1.1
,
10.1

socialization,
9.1
,
12.1

     
camaraderie and

     Nazis and,
2.1
,
8.1

     
total institutions and

     violence and,
3.1
,
3.2

social mobility

social psychology, social psychologists,
prl.1
,
2.1

     
brutality and

     
hindsight bias and

sociologists, sociology,
1.1
,
3.1
,
4.1
,
4.2

     sex and,
5.1
,
5.2
,
5.3

soldiers

     
political, ideal of

     
social duties and

     
as workers of war

solidarity,
1.1
,
2.1

Solm (submarine corporal)

Sommer, Private First Class

Soviet political commissars, execution of

Soviet POWs,
1.1
,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
4.1
,
11.1

     
in British POW camps

     
cannibalism of

     
humane treatment toward

     
transport of

Soviet Union,
3.1
,
4.1
,
6.1
,
11.1

     Germany’s war with,
1.1
,
1.2
,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
3.4
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
4.3
,
5.1
,
5.2
,
6.1
,
7.1
,
7.2
,
7.3
,
7.4
,
7.5
,
7.6
,
7.7
,
7.8
,
7.9
,
7.10
,
8.1
,
8.2
,
8.3
,
8.4
,
8.5
,
8.6
,
9.1
,
9.2
,
9.3
,
12.1

     
Jews in

     
Luftwaffe in

     
Polish advance of

     
POWs executed by

     
return of wounded from

     sex and,
5.1
,
5.2
,
5.3

     
stereotypes and

     war crimes in,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
9.1
,
9.2

Spanish Civil War

Spanish mercenaries

Special Commando 40

special commandos

spectacles, executions as,
3.1
,
3.2
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
4.3

Speer, Albert

Spitfires

sport, violence as

SS,
2.1
,
2.2
,
3.1
,
7.1
,
7.2
,
8.1
,
8.2

     annihilation and,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
3.4
,
3.5
,
3.6
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
4.3
,
4.4
,
4.5
,
4.6
,
4.7
,
4.8
,
4.9

     
criminal milieu in

     
fanaticism and

     
founding of

     ideology and,
8.1
,
8.2
,
8.3
,
8.4
,
8.5

     
miracle weapons and

     
personal dispositions and

     Security Service of,
see
SD

     sexual behavior and,
4.1
,
4.2
,
5.1
,
5.2
,
5.3
,
5.4

     
total dispensation over individual claimed by

     war crimes and,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
3.4
,
3.5
,
3.6
,
3.7
,
3.8

     
see also
Waffen SS

SS Einsatzgruppe Sk 10a

Stachwitz, Hyazinth von

“staff wallahs”

Stahlhelm (Steel Helmet) association

Stalingrad,
4.1
,
7.1
,
7.2
,
8.1
,
9.1

     German defeat at,
2.1
,
6.1
,
7.1
,
7.2
,
7.3
,
7.4
,
7.5
,
7.6
,
7.7
,
8.1
,
8.2

starvation,
1.1
,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
4.1
,
11.1

status,
1.1
,
2.1
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
7.1
,
7.2
,
9.1

Stauffenberg, Claus von

Steinhauser (German POW)

stereotypes,
7.1
,
8.1
,
9.1
,
11.1
,
12.1

     
about Italians

     about Jews,
1.1
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
4.3
,
8.1
,
8.2

Sternberg, Heinz

stimulants

Stolberg-Stolberg, Christoph von

“storm attack”

storytelling,
see
narratives

Stouffer, Samuel A.,
11.1
,
12.1

streetcars,
see
trams

“Strength Through Joy” vacation program,
2.1
,
8.1

stress,
4.1
,
4.2

Stürmer, Der

submarines,
see
U-boats

success

     
bravery and fanaticism and

     
crimes and

     
decorations and

     
inauspicious circumstances and

     
Italians and Japanese and

     
rivalries and

     Waffen SS and,
9.1
,
9.2

Suhr, Hauptmann

suicide, of Japanese soldiers,
1.1
,
9.1

suicide missions,
8.1
,
8.2
,
9.1

suitcases

Sunderland
(Canadian amphibious plane)

Sun Tsu

superiority,
3.1
,
3.2

     
Allied numerical

     Aryan,
2.1
,
2.2
,
4.1

     faith in victory and,
7.1
,
7.2