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This book would not have been possible without the generous support of the following organizations and individuals: The Earhart Foundation (David Kennedy); The Freedom Forum, Pacific Coast Center; Novartis Pharmaceuticals (Mildred Kowalski, John Seaman). At New York University: Research Challenge Fund, Steinhardt School (Charles Sprague); Research Challenge Fund, New York University; Faculty of Arts and Science, Research Fund (Jess Benhabib, George Downs); Steinhardt Faculty Development Fund (Mary Brabeck).

 

We have no doubt that the following lists are incomplete and that, despite our best attempts to keep an account, we have forgotten several kind and generous sources and associates. This book represents ten years of research and writing across three countries. We made three trips to the Philippines, crisscrossed the United States at least six times, interviewed subjects in more than a dozen Japanese towns and cities, collected material from repositories and archives around the world. We estimate that we spoke at length with more than four hundred sources, nearly half of them recorded. Somewhere across the last ten years, along the way from the first interview and archive to the last, we have certainly lost a few names, and we apologize sincerely for the oversight. And although several fine readers and scholars vetted the book in manuscript, all errors of fact, emphasis, and interpretation are ours alone.

THE STEELES

Our debt to the Steele family is incalculable. Ben Steele sat for hundreds of interviews across nine years of visits to Montana, nine years of telephone calls (sometimes weekly), and nine years of follow-up correspondence. He served as our central character, our Montana guide, our model of an ordinary man caught up in extraordinary circumstances. His singular destiny is what drives the story of Bataan and its long aftermath. He withheld nothing and asked nothing be withheld. His memories (vetted in every instance possible) turned out to be remarkably accurate. He never guessed, never speculated during his answers to our questions. When he was unsure of something, he said so.
In short, he gave us his life and asked nothing in return. We have never enjoyed such trust, and we hope these pages justify his faith in us.

Across the years we also conducted scores of interviews with members of his family: his wife, Shirley Emerson Steele; his children, Sean Steele, Rosemarie Steele, and Julie Steele Jorgenson; and their mother, Bobbie Steele Miller; his aunt, Jo Boyle; his brother, Warren Steele; his sister, Gert Steele Dunham; his son-in-law, Jim Jorgenson. We thank them for their candor, their logistical support, their inexhaustible patience.

THE PHILIPPINES

Ricardo Trota Jose (University of the Philippines) and his wife, Lydia Yu-Jose (Ateno de Manila University) generously shared a lifetime of scholarship with us. Both study the history of World War II in the Philippines, both have written widely on the subject, both speak Japanese. They provided us with bibliographies, interview subjects, names of repositories, suggested skeins of research. Rico Jose supervised the translations of our interviews with Filipinos. He also went into the field with us on Bataan on several occasions and shared invaluable material from his private library and collection of World War II Philippine militaria. More than once with Filipino interviewees we traded on Rico's good name and reputation.